Part One:Paradigms of Public Administration

Chapter1 Big Democracy,Big Bureaucracy

Constraint:The Context and Tradition of Public Administration in the United States

Attenuations:The Legacy of Limited Public Administration

Government,Public Leaders,and Public Trust

Bureaucrats:Image and Reality

Revolt and Resistance:Americans and Governmental Growth

Why Bureaucracy?

Explaining Things

Power:The Gray Eminence of the Public Administrator

Chapter 2 Public Administration's Century in a Quandary

The Beginning

Paradigm 1:The Politics/Administration Dichotomy,1900-1926

Paradigm 2:The Principles of Administration,1927-1937

The Challenge,1938-1950

Reaction to the Challenge,1947-1950

Paradigm 3:Public Administration as Political Science,1950-1970

The Impact of Political Science:Bureaucracy in the Service of Democracy

Paradigm 4:Public Administration as Management,1956-1970

The Impact of Management:Understanding the“Public”in Public Administration

The Forces of Separatism,1965-1970

Public Administration as Neither Management Nor Political Science

Paradigm 5:Public Administration as Public Administration:1970-?

Governance:Toward a New Paradigm?

Part Two:Public Organizations

Chapter 3 The Threads of Organizations:Theories

Models,Definitions,and Organizations

The Closed Model of Organizations

The Open Model of Organizations

The Closed and Open Models:The Essential Differences

Closed or Open Organizations?

The Literature of Model Synthesis

Are Public Organizations Different?

Chapter 4 The Fabric of Organizations:Forces

Society and the Assessment of Organizations

Information and Intelligence in Organizations

Information,Intelligence,Organizations,and Four Dead Horses

Decision Making in Organizations

Administration in Organizations

Control,Power,and Authority in Organizations

Society and Change in Organizations

Chapter 5 The Fibers of Organizations:People

What Can Organizations Do to You?

Administrative Humanity:Classicism,Social Psychology,and Public Administration

Models of Adult Development

Models of Cultural Behavior

Models of Political Behavior

Culture and the Bureaucrat

Darwinism and the Organizational Personality

Leadership in Organizations

The Evolution of Leadership Theory:Defining Leadership for the Times

Leading the Public Organization

Part Three:Public Management

Chapter 6 Clarifying Complexity:Problems of Public Management

Clarifying Systems of Public Management

Clarifying Public Costs and Benefits

Clarifying Public Information

Society and the Information Resource

Clarifying Public Decisions

The Information Resource and the Future ofGovernance

Chapter 7 Corruption's Consequences:Performance Measurement,Public Program Evaluation,and Productivity

Definitions:Naming Things What They Are

Efficiency for Good Government,1900-1940

Budgeting to Control Costs,1940-1970

Managing for Efficiency and Effectiveness,1970-1980

Privatizing for Less Government,1981-1992

Waste,Fraud,and Abuse:The New Meaning of Corruption,1975-Present

A New Public Management,1992-Present

The Old Origins of the New Public Management

The Place of Performance Measurement

The Practice of Performance Measurement

Public Program Evaluation

The Place ofPublic Program Evaluation

Permutations of Public Program Evaluation

The Practice of Public Program Evaluation

Using Public Program Evaluations

Two Productive Innovations

Chapter 8 The Public Budget:Purposes and Processes

Line-Item Budgeting,1921-1939

Performance Budgeting,1940-1964

Planning-Programming-Budgeting,1965-1971

Management by Objectives,1972-1977

Zero-Base Budgeting,1 977-1980

Sunset,Sunrise:Sunset Legislation in the States,1 976-1981

The Emergence of the Uncontrollables,1980-Present

Target-Base Budgeting,1980-1992

A Founder on Deficits

The Legacies of Target-Base Budgeting

Cutback Management:Responding to the Reality of Red Ink

Budgeting for Results,1993-Present

Building Budgets:Strategies and Tactics

The Process:Congress and Budget Making

Chapter 9 Managing Hman Resources in the Public Sector

The Evolution of American Public Human Resource Management

The Civil Service System:The Meaning of Merit

The Collective System:Blue-Collar Bureaucrats

Riffed

The Political Executive System:Politics in Administration

The Professional Career System:The Person over the Position

The Professional Public Administration System:Embracing the Professions of Politics and Management

Race,Sex,and Jobs:The Challenge of Affirmative Action

Does Public Human Resource Management Have a Future?

Part Four:Implementing Public Policy

Chapter 10 Understanding Public Policy

Public Policy Analysis:A Brief History

Political Science,Public Administration,and Policy Analysis

The Incrementalist Paradigm of Public Policymaking and Implementation

The Rationalist Paradigm of Public Policymaking and Implementation

The Problems of the Paradigms

The Strategic Planning Paradigm of Public Policymaking and Implementation

Strategic Planning:The Public Experience

Truly Universal Strategic Planning

Chapter 11 Intersectoral Administration

Why Collaborate?

An American Orthodoxy:Business Is Better

The Privatization of Federal Policy:Public Programs and Private Profit Seekers

The Process of Privatization:Integration,Operation,and Separation

Is Business Better?Obscure Answers from Washington

Contractingin Corruption:A Capital Case

The New Privatization:The Federal Procurement Reforms

The Beltway Bandits:Service Contracting and the Curious Question of Consultants

Privatizing in the States

Privatizing by Local Governments

To Privatize or Not to Privatize:Local Pressure and Public Programs

Local Contracting:Management and Cost

Cuning Costs:Companies or Competition?

Practical Privatization:Lessons Learned

The Public Authority

“Whoops”

The Independent Sector:Experiences in Interdependence

Implementation by Individuals:Volunteers and Vouchers

Chapter 12 Intergovernmental Administration

Thousands and Thousands of Governments

The Constitution and the Courts:Setting the Rules

The Evolution of Intergovernmental Administration

Fiscal Fcderalism

Money and Mandates:Federal Instruments of Implementation

Sorting Out Federalism:Fruitful or Futile?

Federalism among Equals:The States

Intergovemmental Administration:The State and Local Perspective

A Load ofLocal Government:Definitions,Scope,Functions,Revenue Sources,and Forms of Government for Counties,Municipalities,Townships,School Districts,and Special Districts

Regionalism in the States:The Odd American Experience with Intergovernmental Planning

Intedocal Cooperation:Creeping Regionalism

Place,People,and Power:The Puzzle of Metropolitan Governance

Chapter13 Toward a Bureaucratic Ethic

The Rise of Public Sector Ethics

Practicing Ethical Public Administration

Deeper Currents:Bureaucracy and the Public Interest

Ethic Orange

Justice as Fairness:AView ofthe Public Interest

Intuitionism,Perfectionism,and Utilitarianism

Applying the Justice-as-Fairness Theory

The Passion of Public Administration

Appendix A:Information Sources,Journals,and Organizations in Public Administration by Specialization

Budgeting and Finance

Criminal Justice

Ethics

Federal Government

Human Resource Management

Independent Sector

Information Resource Management

Intergovernmental Administration

Local Government

Minority Affairs

Nonprofit Sector(see Independent Sector)

Planning

Program Evaluation and Performance Measurement

State Government

Welfare,Health,and Public Safety

Appendix B:Annotated Information Sources in Public Administration and Related Fields

Appendix C:Selected Annotated Journals Relevant to Public Administration

Appendix D:Sdected Academic,Professional,and Public Interest Organizations with Websites and Descriptions

Appendix E:Correct Forms ofAddress for Public Officials

Appendix F:Becoming a Public Administrator

Careers in Public Administration:How Many Jobs,How Much Pay?

Preparing for a Position in Public Administration

Finding a Position in Public Administration

Sample Consolidated Résumé

Appendix G:American Society for Public Administration Code of Ethics

Name Index

Subject Index