1 Introduction

2 Central themes and critical issues

Introduction

Core themes

Differences which have surfaced in the move from margins to mainstream

The claims of restorative justice: a brief examination

Some limitations of restorative justice

Some dangers of restorative justice

Debunking restorative justice

3 Reviving restorative justice traditions

The rebirth of an ancient practice

Pre-modern criminal justice

The renaissance of native justice traditions

Navajo peacemaking

Can one characterise ancient and indigenous justice as restorative?

Can one revive restorative justice traditions?

Conclusion: did restorative justice ever die?

4 Healing the victim

Introduction

The experiences and needs of victims

The inadequacy of punitive justice for the victim

Victim reforms

Restitution from the offender

Beyond restitution: restoring victims

Restorative justice or ’clubbing together’?

Using victims to rehabilitate offenders

Paternalism towards victims

Balancing the needs of the victim with those of society

5 A restorative approach to offenders

Introduction

Restorative justice as an alternative to retributive justice

Restorative justice as an alternative to treatment

The goals and methods of restorative justice in relation to offenders

An alternative to punishment or an alternative form of punishment?

An alternative to treatment?

6 Shame, apology and forgiveness

Introduction

Restorative cautioning

The psychological routes of restorative conferencing

The idea of reintegrative shaming

Some questions about shaming

Apology and forgiveness

7 Mediation, participation and the role of community

Introduction: handling criminal conflicts

The rationale for the restorative justice process

Achieving restorative goals

Moral development and the strengthening of community

The role of community

8 The future of restorative justice

Introduction

Implementing restorative justice: the paths less likely

The implementation of restorative techniques

Restorative justice and the pattern of penal control

The future of restorative justice research

Appendix to chapter 3: the theological roots of judicial punishment

References

Index