Foreword

Part Ⅰ East and West

Unit 1 Why Contrasting Chinese and Western Cultures？

Ⅰ Ancient Civilizations and Cultures

Ⅱ Cross-cultural Comparative Studies in China

Ⅲ Imperatives for Contrasting Chinese and Western Cultures

Ⅳ Key Concepts

Unit 2 Traditional Characteristics of Chinese and Western Cultures

Ⅰ “There Are All Kinds of Birds When a Forest Gets Large”

Ⅱ Traditional Chinese Cultural Characteristics

Ⅲ Traditional Western Cultural Characteristics

Unit 3 Affinities Across Cultures

Ⅰ An Unexpected Affinity

Ⅱ Reading for More Cultural Affinities

Ⅲ Key Concepts

Part Ⅱ Cultural Differences in Silent Languages

Unit 4 Time

Ⅰ Time in China and the West

Ⅱ Two Time Modes

Ⅲ Past-oriented Societies vs.Future-oriented Societies

Ⅳ Two Time Orientations

Unit 5 Space

Ⅰ Spatial Language

Ⅱ Spatial Language and Culture

Ⅲ Spatial Language and Life

Ⅳ Changes We Cannot Afford

Unit 6 Smiles,Nods and Silence

Ⅰ Smiles

Ⅱ Nods

Ⅲ Silence

Part Ⅲ Cultural Differences in Thinking

Unit 7 Intuitive vs.Logical Thinking

Ⅰ Definitions of Intuitive and Logical Thinking

Ⅱ Philosophy and Thinking

Ⅲ Application of Two Thinking Modes

Ⅳ Impact of Thinking Modes on Writings

Ⅴ Logic in China and Intuition in the West

Unit 8 Dialectical vs.Analytical Reasoning

Ⅰ Proverb Preferences Across Cultures

Ⅱ Dialectical Reasoning

Ⅲ Analytical Reasoning

Ⅳ More About Two Reasoning Modes

Unit 9 Holistic vs.Atomistic Visions

Ⅰ A Detention Room Incident

Ⅱ Prominent Attributes of Holistic and Atomistic Visions

Ⅲ Vision and Cognition

Ⅳ Vision and Language

Ⅴ Zhengshan Xiaozhong and Lipton Black Tea

Unit 10 Categorizing Objects by Relationships vs.by Attributes

Ⅰ Two Ways to Categorize One Person

Ⅱ Principles to Categorize Objects

Ⅲ How to Categorize Objects and Why

Ⅳ Impacts of Different Ways of Categorization

Ⅴ Causal Attribution Differences Arising out of Different Categorization Ways

Unit 11 Non-controllers vs.Controllers

Ⅰ Too Early to Tell

Ⅱ Why So Different Stances Towards Life？

Ⅲ “Being”and“Doing”Cultures

Ⅳ Manifestations of“Being”Culture and“Doing”Culture

Part Ⅳ Different Cultural Orientations

Unit 12 The Introvert-oriented vs.the Extrovert-oriented

Ⅰ Personality Types

Ⅱ Personality Types of Cultures

Ⅲ Effects of Personality Types on Pattern Preferences

Ⅳ A Contrast of Cultural Phenomena

Ⅴ The Trend of the Introvert-oriented Culture

Unit 13 Collectivism vs.Individualism

Ⅰ An Embarrassing Habit

Ⅱ Collectivism and Individualism as Cultural Orientations

Ⅲ Collectivism and Individualism in Cultural Anthropology

Ⅳ Collectivist and Individualist Perspectives of“Self”

Ⅴ Interdependence vs.Independence

Unit 14 Femininity vs.Masculinity

Ⅰ Gender Traits

Ⅱ Feminine Chinese Culture

Ⅲ Masculine Western Culture

Ⅳ Why So Different？

Ⅴ The Trend of Cultures and Its Potential Impact

Unit 15 Advocacy of Jing vs.Dong

Ⅰ Introduction to Two Concepts

Ⅱ Jing Advocacy of China

Ⅲ Dong Advocacy of the West

Ⅳ Differences and Discomforts

Unit 16 Implicitness vs.Explicitness

Ⅰ “Half a Story”

Ⅱ Implicitness and Explicitness of Language

Ⅲ Implicit Chinese

Ⅳ Explicit Westerners

Ⅴ High Context vs.Low Context

Ⅵ “Chicken and Duck Talk”

Part Ⅴ Different Cultural Standards

Unit 17 Peace vs.Conflict

Ⅰ Great Names and Different Cultural Standards

Ⅱ External Factors and Cultural Standards

Ⅲ Cultural Standards and Their Unique Products

Ⅳ Better Ways to Know Each Other

Unit 18 Egalitarian and Inegalitarian Distribution

Ⅰ Hate-the-rich Mentality

Ⅱ Chinese-style Egalitarianism

Ⅲ Western-style Inegalitarianism

Ⅳ Egalitarianism and Inegalitarianism in China and the West

Unit 19 Good vs.Evil Human Nature

Ⅰ Key Concepts

Ⅱ Human Nature and Education

Ⅲ Theorization of Assumptions About Human Nature

Ⅳ Human Nature Theories and the Rule of Ethics vs.Law

Unit 20 Rule of Individuals vs.Rule of Law

Ⅰ An Unexpected Complaint

Ⅱ Rule of Individuals in Traditional Chinese Thought

Ⅲ Rule of Law in Western Thought

Ⅳ Rule of Law in China

Bibliography