Part Ⅰ．Language Features

1．The New PHP

Past

Present

Future

2．Features

Namespaces

Why We Use Namespaces

Declaration

Importand Alias

Helpful Tips

Code to an Interface

Traits

Why We Use Traits

How to Create a Trait

How to Use a Trait

Generators

Create a Generator

Use a Generator

Closures

Create

Attach State

Zend OPcache

Enable Zend OPcache

Configure Zend OPcache

Use Zend OPcache

Built-in HTTP server

Start the Server

Configure the Server

Router Scripts

Detect the Built-in Server

Drawbacks

What's Next

Part Ⅱ．Good Practices

3．Standards

PHP-FIG to the Rescue

Framework Interoperability

Interfaces

Autoloading

Style

What Is a PSR？

PSR-1：Basic Code Style

PSR-2：Strict Code Style

PSR-3：Logger Interface

Write a PSR-3 Logger

Use a PSR-3 Logger

PSR-4：Autoloaders

Why Autoloaders Are Important

The PSR-4 Autoloader Strategy

How to Write a PSR-4 Autoloader（and Why You Shouldn't）

4．Components

Why Use Components？

What Are Components？

Components Versus Frameworks

Not All Frameworks Are Bad

Use the Right Tool for the Job

Find Components

Shop

Choose

Leave Feedback

Use PHP Components

How to Install Composer

How to Use Composer

Example Project

Composer and Private Repositories

Create PHP Components

Vendor and Package Names

Namespaces

Filesystem Organization

The composer.json File

The README file

Component Implementation

Version Control

Packagist Submission

Using the Component

5．Good Practices

Sanitize，Validate，and Escape

Sanitize Input

Validate Data

Escape Output

Passwords

Never Know User Passwords

Never Restrict User Passwords

Never Email User Passwords

Hash User Passwords with bcrypt

Password Hashing API

Password Hashing API for PHP＜5.5.0

Dates，Times，and Time Zones

Set a Default Time Zone

The DateTime Class

The DateInterval Class

The DateTimeZone Class

The DatePeriod Class

The nesbot/carbon Component

Databases

The PDO Extension

Database Connections and DSNs

Prepared Statements

Query Results

Transactions

Multibyte Strings

Character Encoding

Output UTF-8 Data

Streams

Stream Wrappers

Stream Context

Stream Filters

Custom Stream Filters

Errors and Exceptions

Exceptions

Exception Handlers

Errors

Error Handlers

Errors and Exceptions During Development

Production

Part Ⅲ．Deployment，Testing，and Tuning

6．Hosting

Shared Server

Virtual Private Server

Dedicated Server

PaaS

Choose a Hosting Plan

7．Provisioning

Our Goal

Server Setup

First Login

Software Updates

Nonroot User

SSH Key-Pair Authentication

Disable Passwords and Root Login

PHP-FPM

Install

Global Configuration

Pool Configuration

nginx

Install

Virtual Host

Automate Server Provisioning

Delegate Server Provisioning

Further Reading

What'sNext

8．Tuning

The phpini File

Memory

Zend OPcache

File Uploads

Max Execution Time

Session Handling

Output Buffering

Realpath Cache

Up Next

9．Deployment

Version Control

Automate Deployment

Make It Simple

Make It Predictable

Make It Reversible

Capistrano

How It Works

Install

Configure

Authenticate

Prepare the Remote Server

Capistrano Hooks

Deploy Your Application

Roll Back Your Application

Further Reading

What's Next

10．Testing

Why Do We Test？

When Do We Test？

Before

During

After

What Do We Test？

How Do We Test？

Unit Tests

Test-Driven Development（TDD）

Behavior-Driven Development（BDD）

PHPUnit

Directory Structure

Install PHPUnit

Install Xdebug

Configure PHPUnit

The Whovian Class

The Whovian Test Test Case

Run Tests

Code Coverage

Continuous Testing with Travis CI

Setup

Run

Further Reading

What's Next

11．Profiling

When to Use a Profiler

Types of Profilers

Xdebug

Configure

Trigger

Analyze

XHProf

Install

XHGUI

Configure

Trigger

New Relic Profiler

Blackfire Profiler

Further Reading

What's Next

12．HHVM and Hack

HHVM

PHP at Facebook

HHVM and Zend Engine Parity

Is HHVM Right for Me？

Install

Configure

Extensions

Monitor HHVM with Supervisord

HHVM，FastCGI，and Nginx

The Hack Language

Convert PHP to Hack

What is a Type？

Static Typing

Dynamic Typing

Hack Goes Both Ways

Hack Type Checking

Hack Modes

Hack Syntax

Hack Data Structures

HHVM/Hack vs.PHP

Further Reading

13．Community

Local PUG

Conferences

Mentoring

Stay Up-to-Date

Websites

Mailing Lists

Twitter

Podcasts

Humor

A．Installing PHP

B．Local Development Environments

Index