Chapter One Cultural Transmissions in Ancient Times

1.1 Earliest Translations in Ancient Times

1.1.1 Socio-cultural Background

1.1.2 The Septuagint and the Letter of Aristeas

1.1.3 The Rosetta Stone

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

1.2 Secular Translators in Ancient Rome

1.2.1 Socio-cultural Background

1.2.2 Roman Translation of Greek Secular Culture

1.2.3 Andronicus,Naevius,Ennius and Plautus

1.2.4 Cicero

1.2.5 Horace,Pliny the Younger and Quintilian

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

1.3 Bible Translators in Late Ancient Rome

1.3.1 Socio-cultural Background

1.3.2 Philo

1.3.3 Jerome

1.3.4 Augustine

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

1.4 Chapter Summary

Chapter Two Cultural Dissemination during the Middle Ages

2.1 Translators in Early Middle Ages

2.1.1 Socio-cultural Background

2.1.2 Boethius

2.1.3 Translations into Visigoth(Bishop Ulfila)

2.1.4 Translations into the Old English Language(Alfred the Great and Aelfric)

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

2.2 Schools of Translation in High Middle Ages

2.2.1 Socio-cultural Background

2.2.2 Arabization at the School of Translation ofBagdad

2.2.3 Christianization at the School of Translation of Toledo

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

2.3 Translators in Late Middle Ages

2.3.1 Socio-cultural Background

2.3.2 Italian Translation Tradition(Dante and Bruni)

2.3.3 Translations into Middle English(Chaucer,Caxton and Wycliffe)

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

2.4 Chapter Summary

Chapter Three Translations during the Renaissance

3.1 Socio-cultural Background

3.2 Translations in German Language Area

3.2.1 Socio-cultural Background

3.2.2 Humanist Bible translator Erasmus

3.2.3 Germanization in Luther's Bible

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

3.3 Translations in French Language Area

3.3.1 Socio-cultural Background

3.3.2 The Pléiade and Du Bellay

3.3.3 Dolet,Amyot and Pasquier

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

3.4 Translations in Renaissance England

3.4.1 Socio-cultural Background

3.4.2 Secular Translations(North,Cheke,Chapman)

3.4.3 Bible Translations(Tyndale and Fulke)

3.4.4 The Authorized Version of the Bible

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

3.5 Chapter Summary

Chapter Four Cultural Dissemination in the Modern Era

4.1 Socio-cultural Background

4.2 Translations in Modern France

4.2.1 Socio-cultural Background

4.2.2 D'Ablancout and the Belles Infideles

4.2.3 The Quarrels of the Ancients and the Moderns

4.2.4 Madame Dacier

4.2.5 Batteux

4.2.6 France's Infatuation with the Gothic Novels

4.2.7 French Translation of Shakespeare

4.2.8 Translations in the 19th-Century France

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

4.3 Translations in Modern Germany

4.3.1 Socio-cultural Background

4.3.2 Herder,Goethe and Schleiermacher

4.3.3 Humboldt,Schlegel and Holderlin

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

4.4 Translations in Modern England

4.4.1 Translations in Modern England：Socio-cultural Background

4.4.2 Cowley and Dryden

4.4.3 Pope,Johnson,Tytler and FitzGerald

4.4.4 Debate over the Translating of Homer

Further Readings

Topics for Discussion

4.5 Chapter Summary

Afterword：Major Findings and Limitations

Acknowledgements

Bibliography