Ⅰ．History and localization

A．History

B．Localization

1．Cotton centres

2．Factors for localization

Ⅱ．Raw cotton:Ⅰ

A．Production

1．Factors in cotton culture

2．Area and crop

3．Crop yield

4．Improvement

5．Anti-adulteration

6．Standardization

B．Consumption

C．Import and export

1．Early history

2．Development since 1867

3．Origin and destination

4．Varieties of foreign cotton and cotton bales

5．Transport

6．Passing through the Customs

7．Financing

8．Traders and trading

Ⅲ．Raw cotton:Ⅱ

D．Marketing

1．Cotton markets and merchants in Hopei

2．Spot trading in Shanghai

3．Future trading in Shanghai

4．Trade associations

5．Packing and warehousing

6．Transport and taxation

7．Financing

8．Price movements

Ⅳ．Manufacturing and marketing

A．Manufacturing

1．Processes

2．Machinery

3．Costings

4．Efficiency

B．Marketing

1．Cotton goods

2．The dealers

3．Trading methods

4．Price movement

Ⅴ．Labor:Ⅰ

A．Extent and character

1．Number of cotton workers,1912-1930

2．Nativity,age,sex,height and weight of cotton workers

B．Labor conditions

1．Employment and labor mobility

2．Wages and standard of living

3．Hours of work

4．Child and woman labor

5．Industrial accident and sickness

Ⅵ．Labor:Ⅱ

A．Labor organization

1．Labor unions

2．Labor disputes

B．Labor legislation

1．Labor conditions

2．Labor unions and disputes

C．Welfare work

1．Living accommodations

2．Education and recreation

3．Savings

Ⅶ．Industrial organization

A．Introduction

B．Technical size and size distribution

C．Financial size and size distribution

D．Tendency towards integration

E．Financial statements analyzed

F．Employers'associations

Ⅷ．Handloom weaving

A．Extent and distribution

B．Industrial organization

C．Looms and cloths described

D．Marketing methods

Ⅸ．Import and export

A．Import

1．Early import

2．Import since 1867

3．Origin and destination of import,1905-1929

4．Effects of Anti-Japanese boycotts

5．Classification of cotton piece goods imported

6．Methods of distribution

B．Export

1．Early export

2．Export since 1867

3．Origin and destination of export,1913-1929

Ⅹ．Prospect and retrospect

A．Summary of China's cotton industry and trade

1．History and localization

2．Industrial organization

3．Raw cotton

4．Labor

5．Manufacturing and marketing

6．Imports and exports

B．Comparative position of China's cotton industry

C．Factors affecting development

Bibliography

Index

Errata

A Revised List of Cotton mills in China,1930……Inside back cover Afterword

A LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

1．China's import of raw cotton compared with import of cotton yarn and thread,1867-1930(1913=100)(logarithmic)(See Table 1)

2．Growth of spindles and looms in China according to nationality of ownership,1896-1930(1913=100)(See Table 2)

3．Distribution of cotton mill statistics in China according to nationality of ownership,1925 and 1930(in percentages)(See Table 4b)

4．Distribution of cotton spindles in China by cities,1918-1930(in percentages)(See Table 5b)

5．Map of cotton production in China,annual average,1925-1929(See Table 6a)

6．Distribution of cotton production in China by provinces,1918-1929(See Table 6a)

7．Import of Indian cotton into Canton,1785-1833(See Table 10)

8．China's cotton import and export,1867-1930(See Table 11a)

9．Distribution of China's cotton import by origin and destination,1929(in percentages)(See Table 12)

10．Distribution of China's cotton export by origin and destination,1929(in percentages)(See Table 13)

11．Prices of raw cotton in Shanghai and Tientsin,1913-1931(1926=100)(See Table 15)

12．Distribution of China's import of textile machinery by origin,1911-1930 (See Table 18)

13．Distribution of China's import of textile machinery by destination,1911-1930(See Table 19)

14．Semi-monthly fluctuations of the spindle output per day or night shift among Tientsin cotton mills,1929(See Table 24)

15．Prices of native cotton yarn in Shanghai and Tientsin,1913-1931(1926=100)(See Tables 27-28)

16．Prices of native cotton cloth in Shanghai and Tientsin,1913-1931(1926=100)(See Table 30)

17．Distribution of factory workers in nine provinces of China,by industries,1930(See Table 32)

18．Distribution of cotton mill workers in China by cities,1924,1927 and 1930 (See Table 33)

19．Age distribution of cotton mill workers in Shanghai and Tientsin(See Table 35)

20．Monthly fluctuations of workers'attendance in a Tientsin cotton mill,1928-1929(average payroll number=100)(See Table 37)

21．Distribution of cotton mill workers in Tientsin by length of stay,1930(See Table 38)

22．Wages of cotton workers in Shanghai and Tientsin compared,1929(See Table 44)

23．Distribution of the income of cotton worker's family in Shanghai and Tientsin compared(in percentages)(See Table 46)

24．Distribution of the expenditure of cotton worker's family in Shanghai and Tientsin compared(in percentages)(See Table 47)

25．Distribution of man,woman and child labor in China's cotton manufacturing centres,1930(See Table 51)

26．Distribution of the nature of accidents and sickness among cotton mill workers in Shanghai(in percentages)(See Table 55)

27．Monthly fluctuations of the number of patients to the various departments of a Tientsin cotton mill hospital,July 1928 to June,1929(See Table 57)

28．Sex distribution of the organized cotton workers in leading centres,1930(in percentages)(See Table 58)

29．Labor strikes in Shanghai cotton mills, 1918-1929(See Table 60)

30．Distribution of labor strikes in Shanghai cotton mills according to subject matters and results,1918-1929(See Table 62)

31．Distribution of cotton mills in China by workers and power capacity per mill,1930(See Tables 79-80)

32．Distribution of cotton mills in China by spindles,cotton consumption and yarn output per mill,1930(See Tables 81-83)

33．Distribution of cotton mills in China by looms and cloth output per mill,1930(See Tables 84-85)

34．Distribution of cotton mills in China by capital investment per mill,1930(See Tables 87-89)

35．Distribution of cotton mills in China by capital investment per mill,1930(See Table 90)

36．Percentage of mills already integrated in China's cotton industry,1930(See Table 92b)

37．Rates of net profit for Tientsin cotton mills compared,1919-1928(See Table 93)

38．Value of China's cotton goods import and total import compared,1867-1930(1913=100)(See Table 100)

39．Distribution of China's import of cotton goods by origin and destination,1905,1913 and 1929(See Tables 101 and 104)

40．China's import of cotton piece goods from Japan compared with China's total import from Japan,1907-1930(1913=100(See Table 105)

41．China's gross import of cotton piece goods classified by groups,1923-1930 (See Table 106)

42．Export of nankeens from Canton,1786-1833(See Table 108a)

43．Value and quantity of China's export of nankeens,1867-1930(1913=100)(See Table 110a)

44．China's export of cotton goods classified by groups,1905-1930(See Table 111)

45．Distribution of China's export of cotton goods by origin and destination,1913,1920 and 1929(See Tables 113 and 115)

46．Distribution of China's import of native cotton goods by ports,1913,1920 and 1929(See Table 114)

47．Distribution of China's import of native cotton goods by groups,1913,1920 and 1929(See Table 114)

48．Growth of cotton spindles in leading countries of the world,1920-1931(1913=100)(See Table 116)

49．Cotton spindles per 1,000 population in leading countries of the world,1931(See Table 117)

50．Percentage distribution of cotton spindles and power looms in the world by countries(See Tables 117 and 121)

51．Cotton power looms per 1,000,000 population in leading countries of the world,1927(See Table 121)

A LIST OF TABLES

1．Net import of raw cotton,cotton yarn and thread into China,1867-1930 (1913=100)

2．Cotton spindles and looms in China classified by nationality of ownership,1890-1930

3．Estimates on the number of cotton spindles in China,1889-1930

4a．Cotton mill statistics in China classified by nationality of ownership,1924-1930(in absolute figures)

4b．Cotton mill statistics in China classified by nationality of ownership,1924-1930(in percentages)

5a．Geographical distribution of spindles in China's cotton industry,1918-1930(in absolute figures)

5b．Geographical distribution of operating spindles in China's cotton industry,1918-1930(in percentages)

6a．Cotton production in China,1918-1930,by provinces(in absolute figures)

6b．Cotton production in China,1918-1930,by provinces(in percentages)

7．Cotton yield in China,1919-1929

8．Results of testing for 18 kinds of Chinese cotton,1930

9．Supply of and demand for raw cotton in China,1919-1929

10．Import of Indian cotton into Canton by vessels of different flags,1785-1833

11a．China's foreign trade in raw cotton,1867-1930

11b．China's foreign trade in raw cotton,1867-1930(by five-year periods)

12．China's import of raw cotton classified by origin and destination,1912-1930

13．China's export of raw cotton classified by origin and destination,1912-1930

14．Amount of cotton imported into Tientsin by the three means of transport,1921-1931

15．Prices of raw cotton in Shanghai and Tientsin,1913-1931

16．Distribution of spinning and weaving machines in Shanghai cotton mills,1929

17．The spindles and looms of cotton mills in Kiangsu in 1918 classified by the name of manufacturer and the year of the mills establishment

18．China's gross import of textile machinery classified by origin,1911-1930

19．China's net import of textile machinery classified by destination,1911-1930

20．Analysis of the cost for yarn and cloth at Mill B,Tientsin,1929

21．Analysis of the cost per bale of yarn in Shanghai mills,1929

22a．A comparison of efficiency between Chinese and Japanese owned mills in China,1930

22b．A comparison of efficiency between Chinese and Japanese owned mills in China,1930

23．Spindle output in Shanghai and Tientsin cotton mills,1928-1929

24．Semi-monthly averages of spindle or loom output per shift of 12 hours,Tientsin cotton mills,1928-1929

25．Loom output in Shanghai cotton mills,1929

26．Amount of cotton yarn transacted and delivered at Chinese Cotton Goods Exchange,January to June,1926

27．Prices of native cotton yarn in Shanghai,1922-1931

28．Prices of native cotton yarn in Tientsin,1913-1931

29．Price relatives of native cotton yarn and index numbers of wholesale prices compared,1913-1931(1926=100)

30．Prices of native cotton cloth in Shanghai and Tientsin,1913-1931

31．Cotton factory workers in China,1912-1920

32．Distribution of factory workers in nine provinces of China by industries,1930

33．Cotton mill workers in China classified by cities,1924-1930

34．Shanghai and Tientsin cotton mill workers classified by nativity

35．Age distribution of workers in cotton mills in Shanghai,Tsingtao and Tientsin

36．A comparison of reasons for workers'separations in Shanghai and Tientsin cotton mills,1929

37．Workers'attendance in a Tientsin cotton mill,1928-1929

38．Workers in Tientsin cotton mills classified by length of stay,1930

39．Length of stay of workers in aJapanese cotton mill in Shanghai,1928(in percentages)

40．Average daily wage rates for workers in a Tientsin cotton mill,1929

41．Average daily wages for the day shift workers in a Tientsin cotton mill,1929

42．Average daily wage rates in Shanghai cotton spinning mills,1929

43．Average daily wage rates in Shanghai cotton weaving mills,1929

44．Average daily wage rates for workers in Shanghai and Tientsin cotton mills,1929

45a．Average monthly earnings of cotton workers in Tientsin,1929

45b．Average monthly earnings of cotton workers in Shanghai,1929

46a．Average amount and percentage distribution of income per family per month by income groups for the cotton workers in Shanghai

46b．Average amount and percentage distribution of income per family per year by income groups for the cotton workers in Tientsin

47a．Average amount and percent distribution of the monthly expenditure of the families of cotton workers in Shanghai

47b．Average amount and percent distribution of theannual expenditure of the families of cotton workers in Tientsin

48．A comparison of output and wages under the 12-hour(or two shift)and 8-hour(or three shift)sy stem in Pao Cheng Mill,Tientsin,January 1 to April 15,1930

49．Child and woman labor in Chinese factory industries in 28 cities,1930

50a．Child and woman labor in China's cotton industry,1930,classified by branches and localities(in absolute figures)

50b．Child and woman labor in China's cotton industry,1930,classified by branches and localities(in percentages)

51．Distribution of man,woman and child labor in China's cotton industry by cities,1930

52．Occupational distribution of man,woman and child labor in Shanghai and Tientsin cotton mills

53．Distribution of 880 cotton mill workers by accident and sickness,Shanghai

54．Percentage distribution of the location of injury arising from accidents among cotton mill workers,Shanghai

55．Percentage distribution of the nature of accidents and sickness among cotton mill workers,Shanghai

56．The patients and visits to the worker's hospital of a Tientsin cotton mill classified by departments,July 1928 to June 1929

57．Monthly fluctuations of the patients and visits to the workers' hospital of a Tientsin cotton mill,July 1928 to June 1929

58．Organized labor in China's cotton industry classified by branches and localities,1930

59．Monthly distribution of labor strikes in Shanghai cotton mills,1918-1929

60．Labor strikes in Shanghai cotton mills,1918-1829

61．The number of workers involved in labor strikes in Shanghai cotton mills,1918-1929

62．An analysis of labor strikes in Shanghai cotton mills by subject matters and results,1918-1929

63．Distribution of labor strikes in Shanghai cotton mills according to the number of workers involved,1918-1929

64．Distribution of labor strikes in Shanghai cotton mills according to duration,1918-1929

65．Distribution of labor strikes in Shanghai cotton mills according to man-days lost,1918-1929

66．The number of man-days lost in Shanghai cotton mill strikes,1918-1929

67．Monthly distribution of labor disputes in Tientsin cotton mills,1925-1931

68．Labor disputes in Tientsin cotton mills,1925-1931

69．The number of workers involved in labor disputes in Tientsin cotton mills,1925-1931

70．An analysis of labor disputes in Tientsin cotton mills by subject matters and results,1925-1931

71．Distribution of labor disputes in Tientsin cotton mills according to the number of workers involved,1925-1931

72．Distribution of labor disputes in Tientsin cotton mills according to duration,1925-1931

73．Distribution of labor strikes in Tientsin cotton mills according to man-days lost,1925-1931

74．The number of man-days lost in Tientsin cotton mill strikes,1925-1931

75．Forms and amounts of borrowing for the families of cotton mill workers in Shanghai

76．Forms and amounts of lending for the families of cotton mill workers in Shanghai

77．Revised statistics of cotton mills in China,1930

78．Size distribution of cotton mills in China,1930

79．Cotton mills in China classified by the number of workers per mill,1930

80．Cotton mills in China classified by the amount of power capacity per mill,1930

81．Cotton mills in China classified by the number of spindles per mill,1930

82．Cotton mills in China classified by cotton consumption per mill,1930

83．Cotton mills in China classified by yarn output per mill,1930

84．Cotton mills in China classified by the number of looms per mill,1930

85．Cotton mills in China classified by cloth output per mill,1930

86．40 Chinese owned mills classified by capital investment per spindle,1930

87．74 Chinese owned mills classified by capital investment per mill,1930

88．Japanese owned mills classified by capital investment per mill,1930

89．Cotton mills in China classified by size of capital investment and geographical distribution,1930

90．Cotton mills in China classified by size and nationality of capital investment,1930

91．The mean,median and mode size of capital investment of cotton mills in China,1930

92a．Statistics on 14 cotton mills in China having two or more plants each,1930,distributed by individual mills

92b．Statistics on 14 cotton mills in China having two or more plants each,1930,distributed by items

93．Capital,surplus,dividends and profits in Tientsin cotton mills,1919-1929

94．Fixed assets and reserves for depreciation in Tientsin cotton mills,1919-1929

95．Fixed assets and paid-up capital for Tientsin cotton mills,1919-1929

96．Ratio of current assets to current liabilities for Tientsin cotton mills,1919-1929

97．Yarn and thread statistics for China,1913 and 1930

98．Original export of native cotton piece goods fromChinese ports,1930

99．China's import of cotton manufactures by ships of different flags,1790-1833

100．Net import of cotton manufactures into China,1867-1930

101．Distribution of China's import of cotton goods according to origin,1905,1913,and 1929

102．Export of cotton piece goods from Great Britain to China(including Hongkong),1909-1930

103．United Kingdom exports of cotton piece goods,1909-1930

104．Distribution of China's import of cotton goods according to destination,1905,1913 and 1929

105．China's import of cotton piece goods and all commodities from Japan compared,1907-1930

106．China's gross import of cotton piece goods classified by items,1923-1930

107．China's import of cotton goods,1905,1913 and 1929

108a．Export of nankeens from Canton by ships of different flags,1786-1833

108b．Canton's export of nankeens by ships of other than English and American flags,1764-1832

109．Destination of nankeens exported from Canton by American ships,1819-1832

110a．China's export of nankeens to foreign countries,1867-1930

110b．China's export of nankeens to foreign countries,1867-1930(by quinquennial periods)

111．China's export of cotton goods to foreign countries,classified by groups,1905-1930

112．Statistics on the export of cotton goods from China,1913,1920 and 1929

113．Original export of cotton goods from China classified by origin,1913,1920 and 1929

114．Net import of native cotton goods into Chinese ports,1913,1920 and 1929

115．China's export of cotton goods classified by destination,1913,1920 and 1929

116．Distribution of raw cotton spinning spindles in the world,1913-1931

117．Distribution of raw cotton spinning spindles per 1,000 population in the world,1931

118．Consumption of cotton,per thousand spindles,by countries,1922-1927

119．Raw cotton spinning spindles and their consumption of raw cotton in China and the world compared,1924-1926

120．Estimated number of looms in India,Japan,Great Britain and the United States,1900-1926(1913=100)

121．Distribution of cotton power looms per million population in the world,1927