Chapter 1．Introduction—Why the Policymaking Process Matters

Overview of This Book

Situating the Tools,Techniques,and Processes in the Existing Literature

The Importance of Procedural Legitimacy in Building Policy Support

Presidential Management and Procedural Legitimacy

Conclusion

Key Terms

Review Questions

Part Ⅰ．The Policy Makers

Chapter 2．The Policy Councils

The Policy Councils and the Structure of the Executive Branch

How the Policy Councils Operate and Why They Are Important

Inside the White House Policy Councils

The National Security Council

The National Economic Council

The Domestic Policy Council

The George W.Bush Administration and the NEC and DPC

Key Agencies within the Executive Office of the President

The Council on Environmental Quality

The Council of Economic Advisers

The Office of National Drug Control Policy

The Office of Science and Technology Policy

Conclusion

Key Terms

Review Questions

Chapter 3．The White House Staff

Working on the White House Staff

Other Key Players in the White House Office

Chief of Staff

The Office of Legislative Affairs

The Office of Intergovernmental Affairs

The Office of Political Affairs

The Office of Cabinet Affairs

Interaction with the Public

The Office of Public Liaison

The Office of Communications,the Speechwriting Office,and the Press Office

The White House"Gatekeepers"

The Office of Scheduling and Oval Office Operations

The Staff Secretary

The White House Counsel

Conclusion

Key Terms

Review Questions

Chapter 4．Agencies and Policy Implementation

Executive Agencies and Departments and Executive Branch Policy Making

The Role of Agencies

Inplementing Policy Decisions

Executive Orders and Other Executive Actions

Submitting Legislation

Regulations and the Rule-making Process

Conclusion

Key Terms

Review Questions

Part Ⅱ．Tools of the Trade

Chapter 5．Policy-making Memoranda

The Tools of Policy Making

The Role of Memoranda

The Decision-making Memorandum

The Action-forcing Event

Background Information and Analysis

Policy Options

Recommendation

Decision

The Information Memoranda

Summary Section

Discussion Section

The Weekly Report

Conclusion

Key Terms

Review Questions

Chapter 6．Polling and the Policy-making Process

Polling and Policy Making:Myths and Realities

Polling Basics

The Questions

The Respondents

The Results

Who Polls for the White House

The Role of the Office of Political Affairs

When to Poll Policy Ideas

Conclusion

Key Terms

Review Questions

Chapter 7．Legislative Clearance and Coordination:SAPs,LRMs,and Other Policy Acronyms

Legislative Clearance and Coordination

Legislative Responsibility in the Executive Branch

The Clearance Process

Legislative Proposals

Clearance of Agency Testimony and Reports on Pending Legislation

Statement of Administration Policy

Enrolled Bills

Conclusion

Key Terms

Review Questins

Chapter 8．Communicating and Marketing Policy

The Importance of Communicating and Marketing Policy

Speechwriting

Communications

Press Office

Conclusion

Key Terms

Review Questions

Part Ⅲ．Case Studies

Chapter 9．Welfare Reform during the Clinton Administration

Welfare Reform and the Political Process

The Early Phase:Decentralization,Debate,and Deadlock

Strain Towards Agreement

Phase Ⅱ:Action,Response,and Resolution

The Centralization of Authority

Redirecting the Tools and Mobilizing Support

Conclusion:Making the Process Work

Key Terms

Review Questions

Chapter 10．The Clinton Economic Plan

The Economic Plan and the Political Process

Phase Ⅰ:The Economic Plan and the NEC

Establishing the Management Role of the NEC

The NEC Process

Communicating and Marketing the Economic Plan

Phase Ⅱ:Securing Passage of the Bill

Conclusions and Lessons Learned

Key Terms

Review Questions

Chapter 11．Desert Shield and Desert Storm

Security Crises and the Political Process

Responding to the Crisis

The Initial Response

The Delicate but Vital Matter of Inclusion

Containment and the Decision to Double U.S.Ground Forces

Conclusion

Key Terms

Review Questions

Part Ⅳ．Scenarios

Chapter 12．Practice Scenarios

Practice Scenarios

Scenario One:Taiwan Straits Crisis

Scenario Two:U.S.Economic Recession

Scenario Three:Campaign Finance Reform

Scenario Four:United States-European Environmental Negotiations

Index