Part Ⅰ Introduction

Chapter 1 What Does It Mean to Be Object Oriented,Anyway?

1.1 Encapsulation

1.2 Information/Implementation Hiding

1.3 State Retention

1.4 Object Identity

1.5 Messages

1.5.1 Message structure

1.5.2 Message arguments

1.5.3 The roles of objects in messages

1.5.4 Types of message

1.6 Classes

1.7 Inheritance

1.8 Polymorphism

1.9 Genericity

1.10 Summary

1.11 Exercises

1.12 Answers

Chapter 2 A Brief History of Object Orientation

2.1 Where Did Object Orientation Come From?

2.1.1 Larry Constantine

2.1.2 O.-J.Dahl and K.Nygaard

2.1.3 Alan Kay,Adele Goldberg,and others

2.1.4 Edsger Dijkstra

2.1.8 Bjarne Stroustrup

2.1.7 Jean Ichbiah and others

2.1.5 Barbara Liskov

2.1.6 David Parnas

2.1.9 Bertrand Meyer

2.1.10 Grady Booch,Ivar Jacobson,and Jim Rumbaugh

2.2 Object Orientation Comes of Age

2.3 Object Orientation As an Engineering Discipline

2.4 What's Object Orientation Good For?

2.4.1 Analyzing users'requirements

2.4.2 Designing software

2.4.3 Constructing software

2.4.4 Maintaining software

2.4.5 Using software

2.4.6 Managing software projects

2.5 Summary

2.6 Exercises

2.7 Answers

Part Ⅱ The Unified Modeling Language

Chapter 3 Basic Expression of Classes,Attributes,andOperations

3.1 The Class

3.2 Attributes

3.3 Operations

3.4 Overloaded Operations

3.5 Visibility of Attributes and Operations

3.6 Class Attributes and Operations

3.7 Abstract Operations and Classes

3.8 The Utility

3.9 Parameterized Classes

3.10 Summary

3.11 Exercises

3.12 Answers

Chapter 4 Class Diagrams

4.1 The Generalization Construct

4.1.1 Single inheritance

4.1.2 Multiple inheritance

4.1.3 Subclass partitioning

4.1.4 Partitioning discriminators

4.2 The Association Construct

4.2.1 The basic UML notation for associations

4.2.2 Associations depicted as classes

4.2.3 Higher-order associations

4.2.4 Navigability of associations

4.3 Whole/Part Associations

4.3.1 Composition

4.3.2 Aggregation

4.4 Summary

4.5 Exercises

4.6 Answers

Chapter 5 Object-Interaction Diagrams

5.1 The Collaboration Diagram

5.1.1 Depicting a message

5.1.2 Polymorphism in the collaboration diagram

5.1.3 Iterated messages

5.1.4 Use of self in messages

5.2 The Sequence Diagram

5.3 Asynchronous Messages and Concurrent Execution

5.3.1 Depicting an asynchronous message

5.3.2 The callback mechanism

5.3.3 Asynchronous messages with priority

5.3.4 Depicting a broadcast(nontargeted)message

5.4 Summary

5.5 Exercises

5.6 Answers

Chapter 6 State Diagrams

6.1 Basic State Diagrams

6.2 Nested States

6.3 Concurrent States and Synchronization

6.4 Transient States from Message-Result Arguments

6.5 Continuously Variable Attributes

6.6 Summary

6.7 Exercises

6.8 Answers

Chapter 7 Architecture and Interface Diagrams

7.1 Depicting System Architecture

7.1.1 Packages

7.1.2 Deployment diagrams for hardware artifacts

7.1.3 Deployment diagrams for software constructs

7.2.1 The window-layout diagram

7.2 Depicting the Human Interface

7.2.2 The window-navigation diagram

7.2.3 A brief digression:What's object oriented about a GUI?

7.3 Summary

7.4 Exercises

7.5 Answers

Part Ⅲ The Principles of Object-Oriented Design

Chapter 8 Encapsulation and Connascence

8.1 Encapsulation Structure

8.1.1 Levels of encapsulation

8.1.2 Design criteria governing interacting levels of encapsulation

8.2.1 Varieties of connascence

8.2 Connascence

8.2.2 Contranascence

8.2.3 Connascence and encapsulation boundaries

8.2.4 Connascence and maintainability

8.2.5 Connascence abuses in object-oriented systems

8.2.6 The term connascence

8.3 Summary

8.4 Exercises

8.5 Answers

Chapter 9 Domains,Encumbrance,and Cohesion

9.1 Domains of Object Classes

9.1.1 The foundation domain

9.1.2 The architecture domain

9.1.3 The business domain

9.1.4 The application domain

9.1.5 The source of classes in each domain

9.2 Encumbrance

9.2.1 What is encumbrance?

9.2.2 The use of encumbrance

9.2.3 The Law of Demeter

9.3 Class Cohesion:A Class and Its Features

9.3.1 Mixed-instance cohesion

9.3.2 Mixed-domain cohesion

9.3.3 Mixed-role cohesion

9.4 Summary

9.5 Exercises

9.6 Answers

Chapter 10 State-Space and Behavior

10.1 State-Space and Behavior of a Class

10.2 The State-Space of a Subclass

10.3 The Behavior of a Subclass

10.4 The Class Invariant as a Restriction on a State-Space

10.5 Preconditions and Postconditions

10.6 Summary

10.7 Exercises

10.8 Answers

Chapter 11 Type Conformance and Closed Behavior

11.1 Class versus Type

11.2 The Principle of Type Conformance

11.2.1 The principles of contravariance and covariance

11.2.2 An example of contravariance and covariance

11.2.3 A graphic illustration of contravariance and covariance

11.2.4 A summary of the requirements for type conformance

11.3 The Principle of Closed Behavior

11.4 Summary

11.5 Exercises

11.6 Answers

Chapter 12 The Perils of Inheritance and Polymorphism

12.1 Abuses of Inheritance

12.1.1 Mistaken aggregates

12.1.2 Inverted hierarchy

12.1.3 Confusing class and instance

12.1.4 Misapplying is a

12.2 The Danger of Polymorphism

12.2.1 Polymorphism of operations

12.2.2 Polymorphism of variables

12.2.3 Polymorphism in messages

12.2.4 Polymorphism and genericity

12.3 Summary

12.4 Exercises

12.5 Answers

Chapter 13 Techniques for Organizing Operations

13.1 Mix-In Classes

13.1.1 A business example

13.1.2 Agraphics example

13.2 Rings of Operations

13.3 Summary

13.4 Exercises

13.5 Answers

Chapter 14 Class Cohesion and Support of States andBehavior

14.1 State Support in a Class Interface

14.2 Behavior Support in a Class Interface

14.3 Operation Cohesion in a Class Interface

14.4 Summary

14.5 Exercises

14.5 Answers

Chapter 15 Designing a Software Component

15.1 What Is a Component?

15.2 Similarities and Differences Between Components and Objects

15.3 Example of a Component

15.4 Internal Design of a Component

15.5 Lightweight and Heavyweight Components

15.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Components

15.7 Summary

15.8 Exercises

15.9 Answers

Appendix A:Checklist for an Object-Oriented Design Walkthrough

Appendix B:The Object-Oriented Design Owner's Manual

Appendix C:The Blitz Guide to Object-Oriented Terminology

Glossary

Bibliography

Index