1 History of Optics

1.1 Past

1.2 Present

1.3 Future

Problems

2 The Main Areas of Optics

2.1 Geometrical Optics

2.2 Wave Optics

2.3 Quantum Optics

2.4 Statistical Optics

3 Fundamentals of Wave Optics

3.1 Maxwell's Equations

3.2 The Wave Equation

3.3 Wayes

3.3.1 One-Dimensional Waves

3.3.2 Plane Waves

3.3.3 Spherical Waves

3.3.4 Bessel Waves

3.4 Intensity of a Light Wave

Problems

4 Coherence

4.1 Temporal Coherence

4.2 Spatial Coherence

4.3 Spatiotemporal Coherence

4.4 Complex Representation of the Light Field

4.5 Stellar Interferometry

4.6 Fourier Spectroscopy

4.7 Intensity Correlation

Problems

5 Multiple-Beam Interference

5.1 Fabry-Perot Interferometer

5.2 Mode Spectrum ofa Laser

5.2.1 Interference Spectroscopy

5.2.2 Difference-Frequency Analysis

5.3 Dual-Recycling Interferometer

Problems

6 Speckles

6.1 Intensity Statistics

6.2 Speckle Sizes

6.3 Speckle Photography

6.3.1 Double-Exposure Technique

6.3.2 Time-Average Technique

6.4 Flow Diagnostics

6.5 Stellar Speckle Interferometry

Problems

7 Holography

7.1 Principle of Holography

7.1.1 Hologram Recording

7.1.2 Image Reconstruction

7.1.3 Location of the Images

7.1.4 Phase Conjugation

7.2 The Imaging Equations of Holography

7.3 Holographic Arrangements

7.3.1 In-line Holograms

7.3.2 Reflection Holograms

7.3.3 Transmission Holograms

7.3.4 White-Light Holograms

7.3.5 Rainbow Holograms

7.3.6 Holographic Cinematography

7.4 Digital Holography

7.4.1 Direct Simulation

7.4.2 Simulation with Square Light Waves

Problems

8 Interferometry

8.1 Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

8.2 Sagnac Interferometer

8.3 Holographic Interferometry

8.3.1 Real-Time Method

8.3.2 Double-Exposure Method

8.3.3 Time-Average Method

8.4 Theory of Holographic Interferometry

8.4.1 Real-Time and Double-Exposure Method

8.4.2 Time-Average Method

8.4.3 Time-Average Method in Real Time

Problems

9 Fourier Optics

9.1 Scalar Diffraction Theory

9.1.1 Fresnel Approximation

9.1.2 Fraunhofer Approximation

9.2 Fourier Transform by a Lens

9.3 Optical Fourier Spectra

9.3.1 Point Source

9.3.2 Plane Wave

9.3.3 Infinitely Long Slit

9.3.4 Two Point Sources

9.3.5 Cosine Grating

9.3.6 Circular Aperture

9.3.7 Compound Diffracting Systems

9.4 Coherent Optical Filtering

9.4.1 Low-Pass Filter or Spatial Frequency Filter

9.4.2 High-Pass Filter or Dark Field Method

9.4.3 Phase Filter or Phase Contrast Method

9.4.4 Half-Plane Filter or Schlieren Method

9.4.5 Raster Elimination

9.4.6 Demonstration Experiment

9.4.7 Holographic Filters

9.4.8 Pattern Recognition

Problems

10 Nonlinear Dynamics of the Laser

10.1 The Laser Principle

10.2 Laser Rate Equations

10.3 Stationary Operation

10.4 Stability Analysis

10.5 Chaotic Dynamics

Problems

11 Nonlinear Optics

11.1 Two-Wave Interaction

11.1.1 Two-Photon Absorption

11.1.2 Two-Photon Ionization

11.2 Three-Wave Interaction

11.2.1 Second-Harmonic Generation

11.2.2 Sum-Frequency Generation

11.2.3 Difference-Frequency Generation

11.2.4 Optical Parametric Amplifier

11.3 Four-Wave Interaction

11.4 Multi-photon Interaction

11.4.1 Frequency Multiplication

11.4.2 Multi-photon Absorption and Ionization

11.5 Further Nonlinear Optical Phenomena

11.6 Nonlinear Potentials

11.7 Interaction of Light Waves

11.7.1 Three-Wave Interaction

11.7.2 Scalar Three-Wave Interaction

11.7.3 Second-Harmonic Generation

11.7.4 Optical Parametric Amplifier

11.7.5 Optical Parametric Oscillator

11.7.6 Three-Wave Interaction in the Photon Picture

Problems

12 Fiber Optics

12.1 Glass Fibers

12.1.1 Profile

12.1.2 Guided Waves

12.1.3 Attenuation

12.2 Fiber Sensors

12.3 Optical Solitons

12.3.1 Dispersion

12.3.2 Nonlinearity

12.4 Fiber-Optic Signal Processing

Problems

A Appendix

A.1 The Fourier Transform

A.1.1 One-Dimensional Fourier Transform

A.1.2 Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform

A.1.3 Convolution and Autocorrelation

A.1.4 Properties of the Fourier Transform

A.1.5 Selected Functions and Their Fourier Transforms

Problems

A.2 Solutions to Problems

Index