1.Issues and Debates in Translation Studies

Process and Product

Objectivity/Subjectivity

'Literal'vs'Free'

Formal and Dynamic Equivalence

Form versus Content:The Translation of Style

Redefinifion of Style

Meaning Potential

'Empathy'and Intent

The Translator's Motivation

Poetic Discourse:A Test Case for Translatability

'Laws'of Translation

Author-centred and Reader-centred Translating

Conditions of Production

2.Linguistics and Translators:Theory and Practice

The Translator at Work

Human and Machine Translation:Actual and Virtual Problems

Structure vs Meaning

Contrasts between Language Systems

Pronouns of Address:A Problem of Structural Contrast

Is Translation Impossible?

The Language-and-Mind Approach

Socio-cultural Context

Current Trends:Intentions and Understanding

3.Context in Translating:Register Analysis

Malinowski:Contexts of Situation and Culture

Firth:Meaning and Language Variation

The Notion of Register

Situational Description

User-related Variation

Geographical Dialects

Temporal Dialect

Social Dialect

Standard Dialect

Idiolect

Use-related Variation

Field of Discourse

Mode ofDiscourse

Tenor of Discourse

The Inherent Fuzziness of Registers

Restricted Registers

4.Translating and Language as Discourse

Beyond Register

The Three Dimensions of Context

The Pragmatic Dimension

Speech Acts

The Cooperative Principle and Gricean Maxims

Negotiating Meaning in Translation

Communicative,Pragmatic and Semiotic Interplay

The Semiotic Dimension

Inter-Semiotic Transfer

Generic Constraints

Discoursal Constraints

Textual Constraints

Pragmatics and Semiotics of Register

Illocutionary Structure

5.Translating Text as Action:The Pragmatic Dimension of Context

Text Acts

Empirical Analysis

Illocutionary Force in Context

Power and Status

Interpretation and Inference

Effectiveness and Effi-ciency in Translation

Relevance

Quality,Relevance and the Translation of Irony

From Pragmatics to Semiotics

6.Translating Texts as Signs:The Semiotic Dimension of Context

Semiotics-conscious Trans-lating

The Semiotic Entity as a Unit of Translation

The Sign-A Developmental History

De Saussure

Peirce

Barthes and Myth

Connotation and Denotation

Basic Assumptions of Semiotics

Semiotics in Translating-a Synthesis

Intertextuality:Allusion and Reference

7. Intertextuality and Intentionality

Approaches to Intertextuality

The Intertextual Chain

Active and Passive Intertextuality

Types of Intertextual Reference

Mediation

What Intertextuality is Not

Contratextuality

A Typology

Recognition and Transfer of Intertextual Reference

Summary

8.Text Type as the Translator's Focus

Text Act in Interaction

Text in Relation to Discourse and Genre

Standards of Textuality

Rhetorical Purpose

Dominant Contextual Focus

The Hybrid Nature of Texts

Text-type Focus

Macro-text Processing

Micro-text Processing

The Argumentative Text Type

The Expository Text Type

The Instructional Text Type

The Psychological Reality of Text Types

Ideology,Text Type and Translation

9.Prose Designs:Text Structure in Translation

Principles of Composition

How Context Influences the Structure of Texts

Contextual Configuration

Limits of Structure Modification

How Elements are Grouped into Sequences

Perceiving Boundaries between Sequences

Topic Shift

Perceiving Text as a Unit of Structure

Equivalence:Word Level or Text Level

Basic Text Designs

Putting Text Designs to Use in Summarising

Texts in Relation to Discourse

Limits of the Translator's Freedom

Issues for the Translator

10.Discourse Texture

'Form'and'Content'

Texture as Motivated Choice

Coherence as Intended Meaning

Standards of Textuality

Systems Contrasts

Inference

Recurrence and Co-reference

Partial Recurrence

Pro-forms and Ellipsis

Collocation

Junction and Inter-Propositional Coherence

Explicit and Implicit Relations

Theme and Rheme in Translation

Thematisation:Functional Sentence Perspective

Com-municative Dynamism

Saliency

Predictability and Recoverability

Information Systems:Giv-en-New Information

Shared Assumptions

Assumed Familiarity

Thematic Progression

Theme-Rheme in relation to Genre and Discourse

Texture-A Final Word

11.The Translator as Mediator

Two Kinds of Mediation

Reader Assumptions and Expectations

Selecting between Options

Inter-action of Signs within the Text

Interaction with other Texts

Problems of Cohesion

Thematic Progression

Conclusions-The Translator at Work

Glossary of Terms

List of Texts Quoted

Bibliography

Index