PART ONE ORGANIZATIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

PART ONE ORGANIZATIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Chapetr 1 The Information Systems Revolution:Transforming Business and Management

Chapetr 1 The Information Systems Revolution:Transforming Business and Management

InPart Delivers Digital Parts on the Internet

The Competitive Business Environment

1.1 Why Information Systems?

What Is an Information System?

Window on Technology:UPS Competes Globally with Information Technology

A Business Perspective on Information Systems

1.2 Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems

Behavioral Approach

Approach of this Text:sociotechnical Systems

Technical Approach

1.3 The New Role of Information Systems in Organizations

The Widening Scope of Information Systems

The Network Revolution and the Internet

New Options for Organizational Design:The Networked Enterprise

Window on Management:Asian Netrepreneurs Thrive on the Internet

Electronic Commerce and Electronic Business

Window on Organizations:Internet Trading Heats Up

1.4 Learning to Use Information Systems:New Opportunities with Technology

The Challenge of Information Systems:Key Management Issues

Integrating Text with Technology:New Opportunities for Leaming

Summary

Management Wrap-Up

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Battling Information Overload:A New Business Is Born

Chapetr 2 The Strategic Role of Information Systems

Chapetr 2 The Strategic Role of Information Systems

Orchids Paper Products Moves Back on Course

2.1 Key System Applications in the Organization

Different Kinds of Systems

Six Major Types of Systems

Window on Technology:Canadian Oil Companies Make Data Flow

Ralationship of Systems to One Another Integration

2.2 Information Systems and Business Strategy

What Is a Strategic Information System?

Business-Level Strategy and the Value Chain Model

Window on Organizations:Mining for Profitable Customers

Film-Level Strategy and Information Technology

Industry-Level Strategy and Information Systems:Competitive Forces and Network Economics

Window on Management:British Consumer Companies Pool Their Data

2.3 Using Systems for Competitive Advantage:Management Issues

Managing Strategic Transitions

What Manager Can Do

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Can Sears Reinvent Itself?

Chapetr 3 Information Systems,Organizations,and Business Processes

Chapetr 3 Information Systems,Organizations,and Business Processes

Schneider Responds to the New Rules of the Trucking Game

3.1 The Relationship Between Organizations and Information Systems

The Two-Way Relationship

What is an Organization

3.2 Salient Features of Organizations

Why Organizations Are So Much Alike:Common Features

Why Organizations Are So Different:Unique Features

Business Processes

Levels of Analysis

3.3 How Organizations Affect Information Systems

Decisions About the Role of Information Systems

Information Technology Services

Why Organizations Build Information Systems

Window on Organizations:Euro Currency Conversion Creates a Systems Nightmare

3.4 How Information Systems Affect Organizations

Economic Theories

Behavioral Theories

Window on Technology:Oil Companies Go Virtual

The Internet and Organizations

Window on Management:Learning to Share Knowledge

Implications for the Design and Understanding of Information Systems

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Case Study:Utilities Deregulation Sparks Big Business Changes

Tools for Interactive Learning

Group Project

Chapetr 4 Information,Management,and Decision Making

Chapetr 4 Information,Management,and Decision Making

Can Marks and Spencer Spark a Comeback?

4.1 What Managers Do

Putting Management and Information Systems in Context

Three Schools of Management

The Technical-Rational Perspective

The Behavioral Perspective

Window on Technology:Schwab s Managers Turn to the Internet

The Cognitive Perspective and Postmodern Era

Types of Decisions and Types of Systems

4.2 Introduction to Decision Making

Types of Decisions:Structured vs.Unstructured

Levels of Decision Making

Window on Management:Managers Look to the Future

Stages of Decision Making

4.3 Individual Models of Decision Making

The Rational Model

Muddling Through

Bounded Rationality and Satisficing

Psychological Types and Frames of Reference

4.4 Organizational Models of Decision Making

Bureaucratic Models

Window on Organizations:Blockade by the Book

Political Models of Organizational Choice

Garbage Can Model

Traditional and Contemporary Management

Implications for System Design

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:A Tale of Two Cities Information Systems

Group Project

Chapetr 5 Ethical and Social Impact of Information Systems

Chapetr 5 Ethical and Social Impact of Information Systems

Health Files on the Internet:What Price for Convenience?

5.1 Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems

A Model for Thinking about Ethical,Social,and Political Issues

Five Moral Dimensions of the Information Age

Key Technology Trends That Raise Ethical Issues

5.2 Ethics in an Information Society

Basic Concepts:Responsibility,Accountability,and Liability

Ethical Analysis

Candidate Ethical Principles

Window on Technology:Are the Cookies Eating Your Privacy?

Professional Codes of Conduct

Some Real-World Ethical Dilemmas

5.3 The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

Information Righsts:Rights:Privacy and Freedom in an Information Society

Property Rights:Intellectual Property

Window on Management:Did Reuters Steal from Bloomberg?

Accountability,Liability,and Control

Winddow on Organizations:Employee Guidelines for Using Software

System Quality:Data Quality and System Errors

Quality of Life:Equity Access,Boundaries

Management Actions:A Corporate Code of Ethics

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Profiling You!

Part One Case Study:Daimler Chrysler and GM:Organization Technology and Business Processes in the U.S.Auto Industry

Case Study Questions

Chapetr 6 Computers and Information Processing

PATR TWO TECHNICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Chapetr 6 Computers and Information Processing

PATR TWO TECHNICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Navigation Canada Takes Flight With New Computers

6.1 What Is a Computer System?

How Computers Represent Data

Time and Size in the Computer World

Computer Generations

6.2 The CPU and Primary Storage

Primary Storage

The Arithmetic-Logic Unit and Control Unit

6.3 Computers and Computer Processing

Categories of Computers

Types of Semiconductor Memory

Window on Technology:Mainframes Leam to Serve the Web

Microprocessors and Processing Power

Computer Networks and Client/Server Computing

Network Computers and Total Cost of Ownership

Magnetic Disk

6.4 Secondary Storage

Window on Management:Network Computers:A New Management Option

4.5 How Information Technology Has Changed the Management Process

Window on Organizations:Selecting Laptop Computers:The Bottom Line for Organizations

Optical Disks

Magnetic Tape

6.5 Input and Output Devices

Input Devices

Batch and On-Line Input and Processing

Output Devices

6.6 Information Technology Trends

Interactive Multimedia

Superchips and Fifth-Generation Computers

Smart Cards and Microminiaturization

Social Interfaces

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:CheckFree Looks at the Total Cost of Ownership

Chapetr 7 Informations Systems Software

Chapetr 7 Informations Systems Software

Software Helps Norway s National Hospital Deliver Better Care

7.1 What is Software?

Software Programs

Major Types of Software

7.2 System Software

Functions of the Operating System

Multiprogramming,Virtual Storage,Time Sharing,and Multiprocessing

Language Translation and Utility Software

Graphical User Interfaces

PC Operating Systems

Window on Organizations:Should Businesses Switch to Linux?

7.3 Application Software

Generation of Programming Languages

Popular Programming Languages

Fourth-Generation Languages and PC Software Tools

7.4 New Software Tools and Approaches

Object-Oriented Programming

Java

Window on Technology:Banque Generale Luxembourg Competes with Object Technology

Hypertext Markup Language(HTML) and XML

7.5 Managing Software Assets

Software Trends

Window on Management:Adding Java to the Programming Mix

Software Maitenance and the Year 2000 Problem

Selecting Software for the Organization

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:The Year 2000 Problem

Chapetr 8 Managing Data Resources

Chapetr 8 Managing Data Resources

Saab Centralizes Customer Data

File Organization Terms and Concepts

8.1 Organizing Data in a Traditional File Environment

Accessing Records from Computer Files

Problems with the Traditional File Environment

8.2 The Database Environment

Database Management Systems

Logical and Physical Views of Data

8.3 Designing Databases

Hierarchical Data Model

Network Data Model

Relational Data Model

Advantages and Disadvantages of the Three Database Models

Creating a Database

8.4 Database Trends

Distributed Databases

Object-Oriented and HyPermedia Databases

Multidimensional Data Analysis

Window on Technology:La Scala s Multimedia Database

Data Warehouses

Window on Management:Canned Data Marts on the Rescue

Linking Databases to the Web

8.5 Management Requirements for Database Systems

Data Administration

Data Planning and Modeling Methodology

Database Technology Management and Users

Window on Organizations:DNA Databases:Crime Fighters or Threats to Privacy?

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:The EPA Cleans Up Its Own Mess with a Data Warehouse

Chapetr 9 Telecommunications and Networks

Chapetr 9 Telecommunications and Networks

Manitoba Insurance Goes Wireless

9.1 The Telecommunications Revolution

The Marriage of Computers and Communications

The Information Superhighway

Telecommunications System Components

9.2 Components and Functions of a Telecommunications System

Communications Channels

Types of Signals:Analog and Digital

Communications Processors and Software

Network Topologies

9.3 Communications Networks

Private Branch Exchanges and Local Area Networks(LANs)

Wide Area Networks(WANs),Valued-Added Networks(VANs),and Network Services

Enterprise Networking and Standards

Window on Organizations:Banco do Brasil Competes with a Multiservice WAN

Facilitating Applications

9.4 Electronic Commerce and Electronic Business Technologies

Window on Management:Monitoring Employees on Networks:Unethical or Good Business?

Electronic Data Interchange and Electronic Commerce

Window on Technology:Videoconferencing on the Internet

9.5 Management Issues and Decisions

The Challenge of Managing Enterprise Networking

The Telecommunications Plan

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:State Street Banks on Networks to Stay Competitive

Chapetr 10 The Internet:Electronic Conmerce and Electronic Business

Chapetr 10 The Internet:Electronic Conmerce and Electronic Business

Tiny Firms Become Intermational Giants on the Internet

10.1 The Internet

What is the Internet?

Internet Technology and Capabilities

The World Wide Web

Intranets and Extranets

Internet Benefits to Organizations

10.2 The Internet and Electronic Commerce

Internet Business Models

Customer-Centered Retailing

Window on Technology:Interacting with the Customer

Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce:New Efficiencies and Relationships

Electronic Commerce Support Systems

10.3 Intranets and Electronic Business

How Intranets Support Electronic Business

Intranets and Group Collaboration

Intranet Applications for Electronic Business

Coordination and Supply Chain Management

Window on Organizations:The Supply Chain Goes Global

10.4 Management Challenges and Opportunities

Unproven Business Models

Technology Hurdles

Business Process Change Requirements

Window on Management:Avoiding Channel Conflict

Legal Issues

Security and Privacy

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Bidding the Profits of Web Companies Lower

Part Two Case Study:Amazon.com versus Barnes Noble:The Battle of the Bookstores

PART THREE BUILDING INFORMATION SYSTEMS:CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES

Chapetr 11 Redesigning the Organization with Information Systems

PART THREE BUILDING INFORMATION SYSTEMS:CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES

Chapetr 11 Redesigning the Organization with Information Systems

Grupo Financiero Bital Moves to Private Banking Systems

11.1 Systems as Planned Organizational Change

Window on Organizations:How a Call Center Changed a Company

Linking Information Systems to the Business Plan

Establishing Organizational Information Requirements

11.2 Systems Development and Organizational Change

The Spectrum of Organizational Change

Business Process Reengineering

Window on Technology:Redesigning with the Intermet

Process Improvement and Total Quality Management(TQM)

11.3 Overview of Systems Development

Systems Analysis

System Design

Completing the Systems Development Process

11.4 Understanding the Business Value of Information Systems

Capital Budgeting Models

Case Example:Primrose,Mendelson,and Hansen

Nonfinancial and Strategic Considerations

Window on Management:Extranet ROIs:Figuring the Payback

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Greasing Mobil s Orders

Chapetr 12 Approaches to Systems-Building

Chapetr 12 Approaches to Systems-Building

Euro Brokers Lures New Clients on the Net

12.1 The Traditional Systems Lifecycle

Stages of the Systems Lifecycle

Limitations of the Lifecycle Approach

12.2 Alternative System-Building Approaches

Prototyping

Application Software Packages

Window on Technology:Enterprise Resource Planning Systems:Benefits and Headaches

End-User Development

Outsourcing

Window on Management:VISA s Outsourcing Triumph

12.3 System-Building Methodologies and Tools

Structured Methodologies

Object-Oriented Software Development

Computer-Aided Software Engineering(CASE)

Rapid Application Development(RAD)

Software Reengineering

Window on Organizations:Gulf Canada Refines Budgeting with Object-Oriented Software

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Can a German Software Giant Provide Enterprise Solutions?

Chapetr 13 System Success and Failure:Implementation

Chapetr 13 System Success and Failure:Implementation

Lights Go Out for Washington State s LAMP Project

13.1 Information System Failure

Information System Problem Areas

Window on Organizations:Facing Up to ERP Software

Measuring System Success

13.2 Causes of Information System Success and Failure

The Concept of Implementation

Causes of Implementation Success and Failure

Window on Management:Are the Users Involved in Your Project?

Window on Technology:Boston Tunnel s Data Gridlock

The Challenge of Business Process Reengineering(BPR)and Enterprise Planning(ERP)

The Implementation Process:What Can Go Wrong

13.3 Managing Implementation

Controlling Risk Factors

Designing for the Organization

Sociotechnical Design

Summary

Management Wrap-Up

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Healtheon s Healthcare System Struggle

Part Three Case Study:System Modernization at the Social Security Administration

PART FOUR MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS

Chapetr 14 Managing Knowledge

Chapetr 14 Managing Knowledge

PART FOUR MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS

Shell Wakes Up with Knowledge Management

14.1 Knowledge Management in the Organizaion

Information Systems and Knowledge Management

Knowledge Work and Productivity

14.2 Information and Knowledge Work Systems

Distributing Knowledge:Office and Document Management Systems

Window on Management:Managing Building Projects with the Internet

Creating Knowledge:Knowledge Work Systems

Sharing Knowledge:Group Collaboration Systems and Intranet Knowledge Environments

What Is Artificial Intelligence?

14.3 Artificial Intelligence

Window on Organizations:Multimedia Education for Learning Organizations

Why Business Is Interested in Artificial Intelligence

Capturing Knowledge:Expert Systems

Organizational Intelligence:Case-Based Reasoning

Neural Networks

14.4 Other Intelligent Techniques

Window on Technology:Case-Based Reasoning Teams Up with Intranets

Fuzzy Logic

Genetic Algorithms

Intelligent Agents

Summary

Management Wrap-Up

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Booz,Allen s Quest for Knowledge Management

Chapetr 15 Enhancing Management Decision Making

Chapetr 15 Enhancing Management Decision Making

Foiling Bad Forecasts with a DSS

15.1 Decision-Support Systems(DSS)

Types of Decision-Support Systems

DSS and MIS

Components of DSS

Examples of DSS Applications

Window on Technology:Utilizing Barclay s Bulging Data Warehouse

Web-Based DSS

Window on Organizations:Bond Network:A Web-Based Financial DSS

15.2 Group Decision-Support Systems(GDSS)

What Is a GDSS?

Characteristics of GDSS

GDSS Software Tools

How GDSS Can Enhance Group Decision Making

15.3 Executive Support Systems(ESS)

The Role of ESS in the Organization

Developing ESS

Benefits of ESS

Window on Management:Netting Information on Your Competition

Example of ESS

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Premier Inc.Learns to Make Healthier Decisions

Part Four Case Study:Can Boeing Fly High Again?

PART FIVE MANAGING CONTEMPORARY INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Chapetr 16 Information Systems Security and Control

PART FIVE MANAGING CONTEMPORARY INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Chapetr 16 Information Systems Security and Control

Why Systems Are Vulnerable

16.1 System Vulnerability and Abuse

Window on Organizations:Internet Hackers on the Rise

Concerns for System Builders and Users

Window on Management:Disaster Recovery in the Information Age

System Quality Problems:Software and Data

General Controls

16.2 Creating a Control Environment

Application Controls

Security and the Internet

Window on Technology:Building a Security Infrastructure for Electronic Commerce

Developing a Control Structure:Costs and Benefits

The Role of Auditing in the Control Process

16.3 Ensuring System Quality

Software Quality Assurance

Data Quality Audits

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Tools for Interactive Learning

Group Project

Case Study:Did the FAA Fly Off Course?

Chapetr 17 Managing International Information Systems

Chapetr 17 Managing International Information Systems

Kellogg Seeks Global Coordination

17.1 The Growth of International Information Systems

Developing the International Information Systems Infrastructure

The Global Environment:Business Drivers and Challenges

Window on Organizations:Marine Power Europe s Extranet Challenge

17.2 Organizing International Information Systems

Global Strategies and Business Organization

State of the Art

Global Systems to Fit the Strategy

17.3 Managing Global Systems

A Typical Scenario:Disorganization on a Global Scale

Reorganizing the Business

Strategy:Divide Conquer Appease

Implementation Tactics:Cooptation

17.4 Technology Issues and Opportunities

Main Technical Issues

The Management Solution

Window on Management:Developing an International Web Strategy

Window on Technology:Virtual Private Networks to the Rescue

New Technical Opportunites and the Internet

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Group Project

Review Questions

Tools for Interactive Learning

Key Terms

Case Study:Pirelli s Drive Toward a Global Strategy

Managing Firm Infrastructure and Enterprise Systems

Chapetr 18 Managing Firm Infrastructure and Enterprise Systems

Coca-Cola Creates an Extended Enterprise

18.1 Managing IT Infrastructure and Architecture:Enterprise Computing

Basic Concepts of Enterprise Computing

Industrial Networks and Transenterprise Systems

Business Drivers:The Changing Business Environment

Technology Drivers:The New Networked Environment

An Ideal Model of Enterprise Computing

18.2 Managing the New IT Infrastructure

Elements of the New IT Infrastructure

Window on Technology:Harley-Davidson Fights Back with its IT Infrastructure

Key Infrastructure Decisions

Connecting Infrastructure to Strategy:Governance

Dealing with Mergers and Acquisitions

Window on Management:Bank Mergers:More Than Meets the Eye

Enterprise Systems:The Vision

18.3 Enterprise Systems

Enterprise Systems:The Reality

18.4 Industrial Networks and Extended Enterprise Systems

Window on Organizations:Extending the Supply Chain

Industrial Networks:The Vision

Industrial Networks:The Reality

Steps to Building and Managing Enterprise Systems and Industrial Networks

Management Wrap-Up

Summary

Key Terms

Review Questions

Group Project

Tools for Interactive Learning

Case Study:Using a Shoehorn to Fit in an ERP System

Part Five Case Study:When Two Titans Merge:Management,Organization,and Technology Challenges at Citigroup