Contents

Ⅰ．Socializing

（Utterances expressing various relationships with the person adressed.）1．Greetings

2．Introductions

3．Invitations

4．Partings

5．Gratitude

6．Sympathy and Consolation

7．Indifference

8．Hiding One's Feelings

9．Apologizing

Ⅱ．Personal Emotions

（Ways of expressing emotional reactions to events，people or things.）10．Pleasure and Displeasure

11．Likes and Dislikes

12．Preference

13．Annoyance

14．Distress

15．Disappointment

16 Regret

17．Exhaustion

Ⅲ Judgment and Evaluation

（Expressions mainly of assessment and replies.）

18．Approval and Disapproval

19．Praise

20．Accusal and Defence

21．Complaining

22．Reproaches

23．Beliefs and Disbeliefs

24．Certaintyand Uncertainty

25．Possibility and Impossibility

26．Probability and Improbability

27．Permission

Ⅳ．Techniques in Discussion

（Conversational devices used in exchanging infor-mation and/or views.）28．Opinions

29．Reporting

30．Asking for Clarification

31．Agreement and Disagreement

32．Ignorance

33．Ambivalence

34．Interrupting

35．Looking for the Right Word

36．Hesitating

37．Saying“No”

Ⅴ．Rational Enquiry and Exposition

（Speech formulas relating to the rational organiza-tion of thought and speech.）38．Deductions

39．Similarities and Differences

40．Reasons

41．Contingency

42．Intention

43．Imagining

　　44．Remembering

45．Obligation and Necessity

Ⅵ．Interacting with Others

（Utterances expressing ways of behaving or interact-ing with others.）46．Offering Help

47．Requesting Help

48．Making Suggestions

49．Responding to Suggestions

50．Warnings

51．Promises

52．Instructions

Appendix

Vocabular