内容简介
第一部分 总论
基本粒子elementary particle
反粒子antiparticle
名词目录
共振态resonance
费密子fermion
玻色子boson
光子photon
轻子lepton
μ子muon
重光子heavy photon
电子electron
正电子positron
中微子neutrino
重轻子heavy lepton
强子hadron
重子baryon
核子nucleon
质子proton
中子neutron
级联超子cascade hyperon
超子hyperon
反质子antiproton
反中子antineutron
奇异粒子strange particle
Λ粒子lambda particle
Σ粒子sigma particle
Ξ粒子ksi particle
?-粒子omega minus particle
△粒子delta particle
介子meson
π介子pion
k介子kaon
矢介子vector meson
赝标介子pseudoscalar meson
ω介子omega meson
ψ介子phi meson
η介子eta meson
ρ介子rho meson
新粒子new particle
J/ψ粒子J/psi particle
粲粒子charmed particle
γ粒子upsilon particle
夸克quark
胶子gluon
中间矢量玻色子intermediate vector boson(IVB)
电子偶素positronium
μ子素muonium
夸克偶素quarkonium
粲子偶素charmonium
重子偶素baryonium
反常核态abnormal nuclear state
孤子soliton
玻密子pomeron
瞬子instanton
半子meron
磁单极子magnetic monopole
双荷子dyon
引力子graviton
引力微子gravitino
快子tachyon
群group
子群subgroup
李群Lie group
直积群direct product group
一般线性群general linear group
非齐次洛伦兹群inhomogeneous Lorentz group
群表示group representation
不可约表示irreducible representation
直积表示representation of direct product
伴随表示adjoint representation
生成元generator
结构常数structure constant
李代数Lie algebra
韦耳标准基Weyl standard basis
根图root diagram
卡西米尔算子Casimir operator
张量积约化reduction of tensor product
权图weight diagram
杨图Young diagram
嵌入embedding
量子场论quantum field theory
量子电动力学quantum electrodynamics(QED)
量子味动力学quantum flavordynamics(QFD)
量子色动力学quantum chromodynamics(QCD)
点阵规范理论lattice gauge theory
弱电统一理论weak electromagnetic unified theory
规范场论gauge field theory
大统一理论grand unified theory(GUT)
超对称性理论supersymmetry theory
超引力理论supergravity theory
非线性场论nonlinear field theory
非线性σ模型nonlinear sigma model
非定域场论nonlocal field theory
旋量统一场论spinor unified field theory
靴袢理论bootstrap theory
时空量子化space-time quantization
超选择规则superselection rule
自然单位natural units
第二部分 粒子物理实验方法
高压加速器high voltage accelerator
电子直线加速器electron linear accelerator(linac)
质子直线加速器proton linear accelerator
电子感应加速器betatron
稳相加速器phasotron
同步加速器synchrotron
电子同步加速器electron synchrotron
质子同步加速器proton synchrotron
强聚焦同步加速器strong-focusing synchrotron
分离作用强聚焦系统separate function strong focusing system
预注入器preinjector
注入器injector
负离子注入negative ion injection
增强器booster
对撞机colliding beam machine
存储环storage ring
交叉存储环intersecting storage ring(ISR)
反质子累积环antiproton accumulator(AA)ring
束流beam current
超导加速器superconducting accelerator
中子存储环neutron storage ring
亮度luminosity
束流冷却beam coolirg
靶target
径迹track
本底计数background counting
正比室proportional chamber
液氙正比室liquid xenon proportional chamber
闪烁计数器scintillation counter
晶体球crystal ball
半导体探测器semiconductor detector
簇射计数器shower counter
契伦科夫计数器Cerenkov counter
超导探测器superconducting detector
穿越辐射探测器transition radiation detector
计数器描迹仪counter hodoscope chamber
飞行时间谱仪time-of-flight spectrometer
单臂谱仪single-arm spectrometer
双臂谱仪double-arm spectrometer
多粒子谱仪multiparticle spectrometer
量能器calorimeter
核乳胶nuclear emulsion
多板云室multiplate cloud chamber
泡室bubble chamber
乳胶叠emulsion stack
扩散云室diffusion cloud chamber
云室cloud chamber
氢泡室hydrogen bubble chamber(HBC)
重液泡室heavy liquid bubble chamber(HLBC)
径迹灵敏靶track sensitive target(TST)
氖闪光管neon flash tube
火花室spark chamber
多板火花室multiplate spark chamber
流光室steamer chamber
丝火花室wire spark chamber
投影火花室projection spark chamber
多丝正比室multiwire proportional chamber(MWPC)
漂移室drift chamber
时间投影室time projection chamber(TPC)
触发trigger
形成实验和产生实验formation experiment andproduction experiment
不变质量invariant mass
共振峰resonance peak
狄克机制Deck mechanism
阿根图Argand diagram
拓扑截面topological cross section
遍举过程与非遍举过程exclusive process and inclusive process
丢失质量missing mass
n叉事件n-prong event
多重数multiplicity
带头粒子leading particle
纵向相空间分析longitudinal phase space(LPS)analysis
贝略图Peyrou plot
海鸥效应sea-gull effect
达里兹图Dalitz plot
邱-骆图Chew-Low plot
冲度thrust
球度(球性)spherocity(sphericity)
离面度acoplanarity
瞬发轻子prompt lepton
倾束实验beam dump experiment
蒙特-卡洛方法Monte-Carlo method
参数化parametrization
置信水平与标准偏差confidence level and standard deviation
数据处理和分析data-handling and data analysis
质量谱mass spectrum
质量mass
第三部分 粒子的特性与结构
裸质量bare mass
平均寿命mean life
衰变方式decay modes
衰变百分数与分支比decay fraction and branching ratio
分数电荷实验fractional charge experiment
自旋spin
宇称parity
θ-τ疑难theta-tau puzzle
重子数baryon number
电子轻子数和μ子轻子数 electron lepton number and muon lepton number
轻子数lepton number
同位旋isospin
奇异数strangeness
超荷hypercharge
盖尔曼-西岛关系GellMann-Nishijima relation
粲数charm
幺旋unitary spin
电荷共轭和电荷字称(c宇称)charge conjugation and charge parity(c-parity)
G共轭和G宇称G-conjugation and Gparity
弱荷weak charge
弱同位旋和弱超荷weak isospin and weak hypercharge
螺旋度helicity
色colour
人工色technicolour
味flavor
拓扑荷topological charge
形状因子form factor
弱形状因子weak form factor
结构函数structure function
费密-杨模型Fermi-Yang model
坂田模型Sakata model
中微子统一模型neutrino unified model
八重法eight fold way
幺正对称理论unitary symmetry theory
φ-ω混合phi-omega mixing
八重态octet
十重态decuplet(decimet)
奇特态exotic state
色化学colour chemistry
层子模型straton model
夸克囚禁quark confinement
袋模型bag model
势模型potential model
弦模型string model
夸克对产生模型quark-paircreation(QPC)model
弦-结模型string-junction model
部分子模型parton model
夸克-部分子模型quark-parton model(QPM)
部分子分布函数parton distribution function
等效光子近似effective photon approximation(EPA)
无限动量系infinite momentum frame
第四部分 粒子运动学与动力学
度规metric
碰撞过程的参考系reference frames for collision processes
相空间phase space
不变截面invariant cross section
散射截面scattering cross section
反应道reaction channel
运动学反射kinematical reflection
孟德尔斯坦变量 Mahdelstam variables
交叉对称crossing symmetry
物理区域physical region
快度rapidity
散射角scattering angle
角分布angular distribution
二粒子关联two-particle correlation
垂曼-杨角Treiman-Yang angle
托勒角Toller angle
强相互作用strong interaction
超强相互作用superstrong interaction
电磁相互作用electromagnetic interaction
弱相互作用weak interaction
超弱相互作用superweak interaction
引力相互作用gravitational interaction
有效相互作用effective interaction
耦合常数coupling constant
赝标量耦合与赝矢量耦合pseudoscalar coupling and pseudove-ctor coupling
真空态vacuum state
汤川型耦合Yukawa-type coupling
裸粒子与物理粒子bare particle and physical particle
束缚态bound state
梯近似ladder approximation
树图tree graph
数方次定理power counting theorem
兹外规则Zweig rule
弹性散射和非弹性散射elastic scattering and inelastic scat-tering
硬过程和软过程hard process and soft process
幺正限unitarity limit
广义光学定理generalised optical theorem
弗洛萨特限Froissart bound
轻子对强子的深度非弹性散射lepton-hadron deep inelastic scattering
高能电子-正电子碰撞high energy electron-positron colli-sion
双光子过程two-photon process
标度无关性scaling
凯兰-格洛斯关系Callan-Grossrelation
定域二重性local duality
标度无关性破坏scaling violation
矢量为主模型vector dominance model(VDM)
衍射散射diffraction scattering
介子光生 meson photoproduction
衍射分解diffraction dissociation
衍射产生diffractive production
雷吉极点与雷吉轨迹Regge pole and Regge trajectory
雷吉现象学Regge phenomenology
女儿daughter
二重性模型dual model
雷吉子场论Reggeon field theory(RFT)
边缘碰撞peripheral collision
多重边缘碰撞multiperipheral collision
多重产生multiparticle production
火球模型fire-ball model
定域电荷平衡local compensation of charge(LCC)
KNO标度无关性KNO scaling
费曼标度无关性Feynman scaling
极限碎裂假设limiting fragmentation hypothesis
重组合模型recombination model
大横动量强子-强子碰撞high transverse momentum hadron-hadron collision
硬散射模型hard-scattering model
组成子交换模型constituent interchange model(CIM)
数量纲律dimensional counting rule
坠尔-颜机制Drell-Yan mechanism
因子化factorization
喷注jet
纯轻子过程purely leptonic process
半轻子过程semileptonic process
强子弱过程hadronic weak process
胶子喷注gluon jet
中微子实验neutrino experiment
费密弱作用理论Fermi weak interaction theory
费兹重排列定理Fierz reordering theorem
V-A理论V-A theory
手征不变性chirality invariance
质量倒逆不变性nass reversal invariance
中间矢量玻色子假设intermediate vector boson(IVB)hypot-hesis
流-流相互作用current-current interaction
卡比玻普适性Cabibbo universality
守恒矢量流理论conserved vector current(CVC)theory
轴矢流部分守恒partial conservation of axial vector curr-ent(PCAC)
软πsoft pion
手征对称chiral symmetry
流代数current algebra
求和规则sum rule
阿德勒-韦斯伯格关系Adler-Weisberger relation
哥德伯格-垂曼关系Goldberger-Treiman relation
中性流neutral current
cP破坏cP violation
GIM模型GIM model
K°-?°复合体系K°-?°complex
杨-米尔斯场Yang-Mills field
对称性自发破缺spontaneous symmetry breaking
规范等级问题gauge hierarchy problem
哥德斯通定理Goldstone theorem
希格斯机制Higgs mechanism
温伯格-萨拉姆模型Weinberg-Salam model
阿德勒反常Adler anomaly
标度量纲scale dimension
标度不变性scale invariance
保形不变性conformal invariance
算符乘积展开operator product expansion(OPE)
光锥流代数light-cone current algebra
法捷耶夫-波波夫场Fadeev-Popov field
鬼ghost
单粒子不可约图one-particle-irreducible(1PI)diagram
重整化群renormalization group
凯兰-习曼吉克方程Callan-Symanzik cquation
渐近自由asymptotic freedom
红外奴役infrared slavery
e真空theta vacuum