1 Biomaterials in Drug Delivery

1.1 Introduction

Contents

1.2 Structure and Properties of Hydrogels

1.2.1 Equilibrium Swelling

1.2.2 Network Pore Size Calculation

1.3 Diffusion in Hydrogels

1.3.1 Macroscopic Analysis

1.3.2 Network Structural Effects

1.3.3 Experimental Determination of Diffusion Coefficients

1.4.1 Diffusion-Controlled Release Systems

1.4 Classifications

1.4.2 Swelling-Controlled Release Systems

1.4.3 Chemically Controlled Release Systems

1.4.4 Environmentally Responsive Systems

References

2 Drug Delivery Systems for Localized Treatment of Disease

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Drug Delivery Systems

2.2.1 Diffusion-Controlled Drug Delivery Devices

2.2.2 Water-Controlled Drug Delivery Devices

2.2.3 Chemically Controlled Drug Delivery Devices

2.2.4 Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems

2.3 Drug Delivery to the Lung

2.4 Bone Infection Treatment

2.5 Cancer Treatment

2.5.1 Intratumoral Versus Systemic Delivery

2.5.2 Liver Cancer

2.5.3 Neurological Cancer

2.5.4 Dermatological（Head and Neck/Skin）Cancer

2.5.5 Skeletal Cancer

2.5.6 Breast Cancer

2.6 Conclusions

Acknowledgement

References

3 Application of Protein Electrophoresis Techniques

3.1 　Introduction

3.2 Common E1ectrophoretic Systems for Separation and Characterization of Proteins

3.2.1　 Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis（PAGE）

3.2.2 Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis:SDS-PAGE

3.2.3 Other Common Electrophoretic Separation Techniques

3.3　 Protein Visualization:What You See Depends on How You Look

3.4 Variables of State with Respect to Protein Binding at a Material Surface

3.5　Some Recent Applications of Protein Electrophoresis in Biomaterials Science

3.6　Electrophoretic Characterization of the Interaction of Extracellular Matrix（ECM）Proteins with Glass Surfaces:A Case Study

3.6.1 Protein Binding

3.6.2 Analyses of Adsorbed Proteins:General Considerations

3.6.3 Analyses of Adsorbed Proteins from Several Types of G1asses Via SDS-PAGE and Native-PAGE

3.7 Conclusions

References

4 Xenoestrogens as Endocrine Disrupters

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Prevalence and Biological Effects

4.2.1 Classes of Xenoestrogens and Human Exposure

4.2.2 Xenoestrogens and Wildlife Reproduction

4.2.3 The Unfortunate Consequences of Human Exposure to DES

4.2.4 Xenoestrogens and Tumorigenesis

4.3 Mechanism of Action

4.3.1 Estrogen Receptors:Structure and Function

4.3.2 Agonistic and Antagonistic Actions

4.3.3 Metabolism and Genotoxicity

4.4 Bisphenol A:An Estrogenic Compound in Unexpected Places

4.4.1 BPA:Prevalence and Discovery of Estrogenicity

4.4.2 Binding Affinity and in Vitro Actions

4.4.3 Effects of BPA on Adult Animals

4.4.4 Developmental Effects of Xenoestrogens

4.5 Summary and Perspectives

References

5 Medical Devices

5.1 Research Management for the Development of Medical Devices

5.1.1 Introduction

5.1.2 A Multidisciplinary Approach to Medical Product Development

5.1.3 Constructive Medical Technology Assessment

5.1.4 Concurrent Engineering

5.2 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices

5.2.1 Categories of Medical Devices

5.2.2 Animal Experiments

5.3 Applications

5.3.1 Mechanical Circulatory Support Systems

5.3.2 An Extendable Modular Endoprosthetic System for Bone Tumor Management in the Leg

5.3.3 The Groningen Temporomandibular Joint Prosthesis

5.3.4 Laryngeal Prosthesis

5.3.5 Tracheostoma Valves

5.3.6 Fixation of Tracheostoma Valves

5.3.7 Voice-Producing Prosthesis

References

Index