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《外科学 第2卷》_刘新民等主编_11783691_

【书名】:《外科学 第2卷》
【作者】:刘新民等主编
【出版社】:沈阳出版社
【时间】:2005.7
【页数】:1525
【ISBN】:
【SS码】:11783691

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内容简介

妇产科学

简介

外阴瘙痒症的治疗(treatment of pruritus of vulva)

外阴湿疹(eczema of vulva)

外阴瘙痒症(pruritus of vulva)

白癜风的治疗(treatment of vitiligo)

股癣(tinea cruris)

白癜风(vitiligo)

外阴脂溢性皮炎(dermatitis seborrheica of vulva)

外阴脂溢性皮炎的治疗(treatment of dermatitis seborrheica of vulva)

增殖型天疱疮的诊断和治疗(diagnosis and treatment of pemphigus vegetans)

白塞综合征(Behcet syndrome)

增殖型天疱疮(pemphigus vegetans)

股癣的治疗(treatment of tinea cruris)

外阴硬萎的临床表现(clinical features of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of vulva)

外阴硬萎的组织病理(histopathology of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of vulva)

外阴硬化萎缩性苔藓(lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of vulva)

白塞综合征的诊断和治疗(diagnosis and treatment of Behcet syndrome)

外阴白斑(leukoplakia of vulva)

外阴白斑的临床表现(clinical features of leukoplakia of vulva)

外阴硬化萎缩性苔藓的治疗(treatment of lichen sclerosuset atrophicus of vulva)

外阴硬萎的诊断和鉴别诊断(diagnosis and differential diagnosis of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of vulva)

外阴尖锐湿疣(condyloma acuminata of vulva)

尖锐湿疣的临床特点(clinical features of condyloma acuminata)

外阴白斑的治疗(treatment of leukoplakia of vulva)

外阴白斑的组织病理(histopathology of leukoplakia of vulva)

尖锐湿疣的治疗(treatment of condyloma acuminata)

尖锐湿疣的预防(prevention of condyloma acuminata)

巨大型尖锐湿疣(giant condyloma acuminata of Buschke-Lowenstein)

尖锐湿疣的组织病理(histopathology of condyloma acuminata)

外阴汗腺瘤(hidradenoma of vulva)

外阴脂肪瘤(lipoma of vulva)

汗管瘤的诊断和治疗(diagnosis and treatment of syringoma)

外阴假性湿疣(pseudocondyloma of vulva)

汗管瘤(syringoma)

鲍温病(Bowen disease)

鲍温病的治疗(treatment of Bowen disease)

外阴血管角皮瘤(angiokeratoma of vulva)

外阴皮肤纤维瘤(dermatofibroma of vulva)

软纤维瘤(soft fibroma)

乳房外Paget病(extramammary Paget disease)

妊娠期维生素B12缺乏性贫血(vitamin B

疣状癌(verrucous carcinoma)

鲍温样丘疹病(Bowenoid papulosis)

鲍温样丘疹病的特点(clinical features of Bowenoid papulosis)

鲍温样丘疹病的治疗(treatment of Bowenoid papulosis)

外阴鳞癌的临床表现(clinical features of squamous cell carcinoma of vulva)

外阴鳞癌的发病因素(etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of vulva)

乳房外Paget病的组织病理(histopathlolgy of extramammary Paget disease)

乳房外Paget病的治疗(treatment of extramammary Paget disease)

女性生殖器官炎症(inflammatory diseases of female reproductive organs)

外阴黑素细胞痣(nevocellular nevus of vulva)

外阴鳞癌组织病理(histopathology of squamous

cell carcinoma of vulva)

外阴基底细胞上皮瘤(basal cell epithelioma of vulva)

外阴基底细胞上皮瘤的诊断和治疗(diagnosis and treatment of basal cell epithelioma of vulva)

前庭大腺炎(Bartholin gland inflammation)

前庭大腺(Bartholin gland)

外阴炎(vulvitis)

急性外阴炎(acute vulvitis)

外阴炎性粘连(inflammatory adhesion of vulva)

外阴细菌感染(bacteria infection of vulva)

外阴真菌感染(fungal infection of vulva)

外阴病毒感染(virus infection of vulva)

滴虫性阴道炎(trichomonas vaginitis)

阴道毛滴虫(vaginal trichomonas)

前庭大腺囊肿(Bartholin gland cyst)

前庭大腺脓肿(Bartholin gland abscess)

前庭大腺囊肿袋形切开术(marsupialization of Bartholin gland cyst)

阴道炎(vaginitis)

急性阴道炎(acute vaginitis)

幼女外阴阴道炎(pediatric vaginitis and vulvitis)

急性宫颈炎(acute cervicitis)

宫颈阴道溃疡(ulceration of cervix and vagina)

霉菌性阴道炎(mycosis vaginitis)

线索细胞(clue cell)

细菌性阴道病(bactera vaginosis)

老年性阴道炎(senile vaginitis)

宫颈人乳头状病毒感染(cervical infection by human papilloma virus,HPV)

病毒性宫颈炎(virus cervicitis)

慢性子宫颈炎(chronic cervicitis)

宫颈糜烂(erosion of cervix)

宫颈息肉(cervical polp)

宫颈那囊(cervical Nabothian cyst)

宫颈活检术(cervical biopsy)

宫颈冷冻治疗(cryosurgery of cervical lesion)

结核性宫颈炎(tuberculous cervicitis)

阿米巴性宫颈炎(amebic cervicitis)

宫颈电熨治疗(electrocoagulation of cervical lesion)

宫颈激光治疗(laser therapy of cervical lesion)

急性盆腔腹膜炎(acute pelvic peritonitis)

急性输卵管炎输卵管积脓、输卵管卵巢脓肿(acute salpingitis,pyosalpinx and tuboo-varian abscess)

宫颈锥形切除术(conization of cervix)

电脑扫描宫颈脱落细胞检查术(computer cervical cytologic examination,CCT)

急性盆腔炎(acute pelvic inflammatory disease)

p53和p21基因的治疗(therapy of p53 and p

输卵管结核(tuberculous salpingitis)

急性盆腔结缔组织炎(acute pelvic cellulitis)

盆腔脓肿破裂(rupture of pelvic abscess)

慢性盆腔炎(chronic or recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease)

慢性输卵管炎及输卵管积水(chronic salpingitis and hydrosalpinx)

输卵管卵巢囊肿(tubo-ovarian cyst)

女性生殖道结核(tuberculosis of female genital tract)

后穹隆穿刺术(culdocentesis)

子宫内膜结核(endometrial tuberculosis)

结核性腹膜炎(tuberculous peritonitis)

输卵管结核子宫输卵管碘油造影(hysterosalpin-gography for tuberculosis of fallopian tube)

盆腔血栓性静脉炎(pelvic thrombophlebitis)

冰冻骨盆(frozen pelvis)

外阴侵润性鳞状上皮癌(squamous cell carcinoma of vulva)

沙眼衣原体感染(chlamydia trachomitis infection)

梅毒(syphilis)

淋病(gonorrhea)

外阴癌的临床分期(clinical staging of vulva carcinoma)

外阴黑色素瘤(melanoma of vulva)

外阴肉瘤(sarcoma of vulva)

外阴腺癌(adenocarcinoma of vulva)

外阴上皮内瘤变(intraepithelial neoplasia of vulva VIN)

外阴皮肤Merkel细胞癌(Merkel cell carcinoma of vulva)

外阴癌的高危因素(high risk factors of vulva carcinoma)

外阴癌腹股沟淋巴结转移(inguinal lymphnode metastasesof vulva carcinoma)

腹股沟区淋巴结的解剖分布(anatomic distribution of inguinal lymph nodes)

前哨岗淋巴结的核素扫描技术(radiolymphoseinti-graphy for sentinel lymphnode)

外阴癌的放射治疗(radiotherapy for vulva carcinoma)

外阴癌放疗化疗的综合治疗(combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy for vulva carcinoma)

阴道胚性横纹肌肉瘤(embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of vagina)

外阴癌的个体化治疗(individualized therapy for vulva carcinoma)

阴道上皮内瘤变(intraepithelial neoplasia of vagina,VaIN)

阴道原发性鳞癌(primar squamous cell carcinoma of vagina)

阴道腺癌(adenocarcinoma of vagina)

阴道卵黄囊瘤(yolk sac tumor of vagina)

宫颈微灶型浸润癌(microinvasive carcinoma of the cervix,MICA)

子宫颈癌及癌前病变(carcinoma of the uterine cervix and precancerous lesious)

宫颈不典型增生(cervical dysplasia)

宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CIN)

宫颈原位癌(carcinoma in situ of the cervix)

碘试验(Schiller test)

宫颈浸润癌(invasive carcinoma of the cervix)

单纯疱疹Ⅱ型病毒(herpes simplex virus-Ⅱ,HSV-2)

人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)

阴道脱落细胞学(exfoliative cytology of the vagina)

Bethesda系统(Bethesda system,TBS)

宫颈环状电挖术(loop electrosurgical excision procedure,LEEP)

阴道镜检查(colposcopy)

宫颈活体组织检查(biopsy of the cervix)

宫颈管内膜刮取术(curettage of the endocervix)

宫颈锥形切除术(conization of the cervix)

肿瘤固有荧光诊断法(diagnosis by tumor inherited fluroresence)

广泛性子宫切除术后尿潴留(postoperative urinary retention in radical hysterectomy)

宫颈癌细胞DNA含量与倍体(DNA cantent and ploidy of the cervical cancler)

宫颈癌的盆腔检查(pelvic examination in cervical cancer)

宫颈癌的临床分期(clinical stageing of carcinoma of the cervix)

广泛性子宫切除术后输尿管瘘(postoperative ureteral fistula in radical hysterectomy)

宫颈癌放射治疗源(radioactivity sources for teatment of cervical cancer)

系统性腹膜外淋巴结清扫术后淋巴囊肿(postoperative lymphocyst of systemic extraperitoneal lymphadenectomy)

宫颈癌传统腔内放疗(traditional intracavitory irradiation for cervical cancer)

宫颈癌A、B点概念(concept of point A and point B in radiotherapy of cervical cancer)

宫颈癌后装近距离治疗(afterloading brachytherapy for cervical cancer)

放射性直肠炎、膀胱炎(radiorectitis,radiocystitis)

宫颈癌放射治疗剂量概念(doseconcept of radiotherapy)

宫颈癌等效校正系数(iso-effect correction factor)

相对生物效应(relative biological effectiveness,RBE)

宫颈癌的体外照射(external irradiation)

宫颈癌放射治疗并发症(complication of radiotherapy)

高危宫颈癌(high-risk cervical cancer)

宫颈癌化学治疗(chemotherapy of cervical cancer)

宫颈癌术前先期化疗(neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer)

宫颈癌综合治疗(combination therapy of the cervical cancer)

宫颈腺癌(adenocarcinoma of the cervix)

宫颈恶性腺瘤(malignant adenoma of the cervix)

宫颈癌的预防(prevention of cervical cancer)

宫颈癌合并妊娠(cervical cancer in pregnancy)

宫颈残端癌(carcinoma of cervical stump)

复发性宫颈癌(recurrent carcinoma of cervix)

宫颈癌的肿瘤标志物(tumor markers of cervical cancer)

宫颈肌瘤(cervical myoma)

卵巢自身移植和移位术(auto-transplantation and transposition of ovaries)

子宫肌瘤(myoma of uterus)

子宫肌瘤发病原因(pathogenesis of myoma of uterus)

子宫肌瘤B超图像(B ultrasonograph of myoma of uterus)

子宫肌瘤与不育(myoma of uterus and sterility)

子宫肌瘤与流产(myoma of uterus and abortion)

米非司酮治疗子宫肌瘤(treatment of myoma of uterus with mifepristone)

肌壁间肌瘤(intramural myoma)

黏膜下肌瘤(submucous myoma)

浆膜下肌瘤(subserous myoma)

子宫肌瘤退行性变性(degenerative change of myoma)

性腺激素释放素激动剂治疗子宫肌瘤(treatment of myoma of uterus with GNRH-a)

腹膜弥漫性平滑肌瘤(leiomyomatastasis peritonealis disseminata)

子宫肌瘤合并妊娠(myoma of uterus complicated by pregnancy)

子宫上皮样平滑肌瘤(平滑肌母细胞瘤)(epithelioidz smooth muscle tumor;leiomyoblastoma)

黏液样平滑肌肉瘤(myxoid leiomyosarcoma)

细胞性平滑肌瘤(cellular leiomyoma)

奇形怪状核平滑肌瘤(共质体平滑肌瘤)(leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei;symblastic leiomyoma)

良性转移性平滑肌瘤(benigh metastatic leiomyoma)

子宫内膜高度恶性间质肉瘤(high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma)

静脉内平滑肌瘤病(intravenous leiomyomatosis)

弥漫性平滑肌瘤病(diffuse leiomyomatosis)

子宫肌瘤肉瘤变(sarcomators change of myoma of uterus)

子宫肉瘤(uterine sarcoma)

子宫内膜低度恶性间质肉瘤(low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma)

子宫淋巴瘤和白血病(lymphoma of uterus and leukemia)

子宫平滑肌肉瘤(leiomyosarcomas)

子宫恶性中胚叶混合瘤(malignant mesodermal mixed tumor)

子宫腺肉瘤(adenosarcoma of uterus)

子宫内膜间质肉瘤(endometrial stromal sarcoma)

子宫淋巴瘤(lymphoma of uterus)

子宫内膜不典型增生(atypical hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫肉瘤的临床分期(clinical staging of uterine sarcoma)

子宫肉瘤放疗(radiotherapy of uterine sarcoma)

子宫肉瘤化疗(chemotherapy of uterine sarcoma)

子宫凋落平滑肌瘤(apoplectic leiomyoma of uterus)

子宫内膜单纯增生(simple hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜复合增生(complex hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜增生不同类型的鉴别诊断(differential diagnosis of different types of hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜增生(hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜增生分类(classification of hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜增生病因(pathogenesis of hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜增生的闭经和出血(amenorrhea and bleeding in hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜样腺癌(uterine endometrial adenocarcinoma)

子宫内膜不典型增生的治疗(treament of atypical hyperpasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜增生与不育(endometrial hyperplasia and

sterility)

子宫内膜不典型增生的病情监测(monitoring of atypical hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜增生的癌变率(carcinomatous change of hyperplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜癌(carcinoma of uterine endometrium)

子宫内膜鳞状细胞癌(squamous carcinoma of endometrium)

乳头状子宫内膜样腺癌(papillary endometrial adenocarcinoma)

分泌型子宫内膜样腺癌(secretory endometrial adenocarcinoma)

子宫内膜浆液性乳头状腺癌(serous papillary adenocarcinoma of endometrium)

子宫内膜透明细胞癌(clear cell carcinoma of endometrium)

子宫内膜黏液性癌(mucinous carcinoma of endometrium)

子宫内膜癌手术病理分期(surgico-pathological staging of endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜未分化癌(nondifferentiated carcinoma of uterus)

子宫内膜癌病理分级(pathological gradings of carcinoma of endometrium)

子宫内膜良性分化(benigh metaplasia of endometrium)

子宫内膜癌转移(metastases of endometrial carcinoma)

子宫内膜癌与不典型增生的鉴别诊断(differential diagnosis for atypical hyperplasia and endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌发病因素(pathogenesis of endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌的细胞学检查(cytological exam of endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌的分段诊刮(fractional curettage in endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌的B超声图像(B-ultrasonograph of endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌的高危因素(high risk factors for endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌的治疗原则(principle of treatment of endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌的手术治疗(surgical treatment of endometrial carcinoma)

子宫内膜癌的化疗(chemotherapy of endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌的放疗(radiotherapy of endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌的孕激素治疗(progesterone treatment of endometrial cancer)

卵巢上皮性肿瘤(ovarian epithelial tumors)

子宫内膜癌放疗与手术综合治疗(combined surgical and radiotherapy for endometrial cancer)

子宫内膜癌的预后(prognosis of endometrial cancer)

卵巢肿瘤分类(classification of ovarian tumors)

卵巢恶性肿瘤的FIGO分期(surgical pathological stging of ovarian malignant tumors)

早期卵巢浆液性交界性瘤的手术治疗(surgery for early stage ovarian serous tumors of border-line malignancy)

卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤(ovarian epithelial tumors of low malignancy potential)

卵巢浆液性交界性瘤的种植转移(metastatic implantation of ovarian serous tumous of malignant potential)

卵巢浆液性交界性瘤的良性型及恶性型(benigh and malignant types of ovarian serous tumors of bord-erline malignancy)

卵巢交界性瘤的存活率(survival for ovarian epithelial tumors of borderline malignancy)

卵巢癌二次探查术(the second look laparotomy for ovarian cancer)

卵巢交界性瘤的化疗(adjuvant chemotherapy for ovarian epithelial tumors of borderline malignancy)

纯型及混合型的卵巢子宫内膜样癌(pure and mixed types of ovarian endometrioid epithelial carcinoma)

卵巢上皮性癌的存活率(survival for ovarian epithelial carcinoma)

卵巢癌肿瘤细胞减灭术(cytoreductive surgery for ovarian carcinoma)

化疗间隔期或中间性肿瘤细胞减灭术(interval cytoreduction or intervening cytoreduction)

大网膜切除术(omentectomy)

卵巢上皮性癌FIGO Ⅰ期的保守性手术(conservative surgery for FIGO stage Ⅰ ovarian epithelial carcinoma)

再次肿瘤细胞减灭术(secondary tumor cytoreduction)

卵巢癌二探(+)的再次肿瘤细胞减灭术(secondary cytoreduction for patients with positive findings in second look laparotomy)

复发性肿瘤的再次肿瘤细胞减灭术(re-cytoreduction for recurrent ovarian carcinoma)

卵巢恶性肿瘤的病情监测(monitoring of disease status of ovarian malignanttumors)

肿瘤初次手术后化疗过程中恶化进展的再次肿瘤细胞减灭术(re-cytoreduction for progressive ovarian carcinoma after initial cytoreduction and chemo therapy)

卵巢癌化疗(chemotherapy of ovarian cancer)

卵巢癌腹腔化疗(intraperitoneal chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma)

卵巢癌紫杉醇(Taxol)化疗(chemotherapy of ovarian cancer with taxol)

Ⅰ期卵巢癌保守性手术后的化疗(chemotherapy after conservative surgery for stage Ⅰ ovarian cancer)

恶性腹膜间皮瘤(malignant mesothelioma of peritoncum)

血清CA125的测定(serum assay for CA125)

腹膜第二苗勒系统肿瘤(tumors of the second Mullerian system of peritoneum)

腹膜假黏液性瘤(pseudomucinous peritonei)

腹膜原发性浆液性囊腺癌(primary serous cystadenocarcinoma of peritoneum)

卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤(ovarian immature teratoma)

恶性腹膜间皮瘤的治疗(treatmcnt for malignant mesothelioma of peritoneum)

恶性腹膜间皮细胞瘤的鉴别诊断(differential diagnosis for malignant mesothelioma of peritoneum)

卵巢畸胎瘤的分类(classification of ovarian teratoma)

卵巢成熟畸胎瘤(mature teratoma of ovary)

卵巢恶性生殖细胞肿瘤保留生殖功能(fertility preservation for malignant ovaran germ cell tumor)

卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤恶性程度的逆转(retroconversion of the malignancy of ovarian immature teratoma)

卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤恶性程度逆转的临床意义(clinical significance of the retroconversion of maliganacy of ovarian teratoma)

卵巢无性细胞瘤(ovarian dysgerminoma)

卵巢卵黄囊瘤(ovarian yolk sac tumor)

卵巢卵黄囊瘤的命名(denomination of ovarian yolk sac tumor)

遗传性卵巢癌综合征(hereditory ovarian cancer syndrome,HOCS)

卵巢性索间质肿瘤(ovarian sex cord stromal tumor)

卵巢颗粒细胞瘤(ovarian granulosa cell tumor)

卵巢泡膜细胞瘤(ovarian theca cell tumor)

卵巢纤维瘤(fibroma of ovary)

麦格综合征(Meig syndrome)

卵巢幼年型颗粒细胞瘤(juvenil type of granulosa cell tumor of ovary)

家族性黑斑息肉综合征(Peutz-Jeghers syndrome)

输卵管癌临床分期(clinical staging of fallopian tube cancer)

卵巢转移性肿瘤(metastatic ovarian tumor)

妊娠合并卵巢肿瘤(pregnancy complicated by ovarian tumor)

幼少女生殖器恶性肿瘤(genital tract malignancy in children and adolescents)

幼少女卵巢恶性生殖细胞肿瘤(malignat ovarian germ cell tumors in children and adolescents)

输卵管癌(primary carcinoma of fallopian tube)

葡萄胎的临床表现(clinical manifestations of hydatidiform mole)

输卵管癌手术治疗(surgical treatment of fallopian tube cancer)

输卵管癌化疗(chemotherapy of fallopian tube cancer)

输卵管癌放疗(radiotherapy of fallopian tube cancer)

葡萄胎(hydatidiform mole)

完全性葡萄胎(complete hydatidiform mole)

部分性葡萄胎(partial hydatidiform mole)

乳腺癌CMFVP方案(CMFVP regimen in breast cancer)

葡萄胎的诊断与处理(diagnosis and management of hydatidiform mole)

侵蚀性葡萄胎(invasive mole)

侵蚀性葡萄胎的临床病理特点(clinical and pathological characteristics of invasive mole)

侵蚀性葡萄胎的诊断(diagnosis of invasive mole)

妊娠性绒癌(gestational choriocarcinaoma)

妊娠性绒癌的临床病理特点(clinical and pathological characteristics of gestational choriocarcinoma)

妊娠性绒癌的诊断(diagnosis of choriocarcinoma)

滋养细胞肿瘤的临床分期(clinical staging of gestational trophoblastic tumors)

滋养细胞肿瘤的预后评分系统(prognostic scoring system of gestational trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤的化学治疗(chemotherapy of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤的手术治疗(surgical treatment ofmalignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤的放射治疗(radiotherapy of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤各转移瘤的诊断和治疗(diagnosis and treatment of metastases of malignant trophoblastictumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤外阴阴道转移(vulval and vaginal metastasis of malignant trophblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤宫颈转移瘤(cervical metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤宫旁转移(parametrial metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤肺转移(pulmonary metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤脑转移(brain metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤肝转移(hepatic metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤脾转移(splenic metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤肾转移(renal metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤膀胱转移(urinary metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

恶性滋养细胞肿瘤胃肠道转移(gastro-intestinal metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors)

人类绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotropin,HCG)

选择性动脉插管技术在滋养细胞肿瘤中的应用(elective arterial catheterization in the diagnosis and management of trophoblastic tumors)

胎盘部位滋养细胞肿瘤(placental site trophoblastic tumors,PSTT)

子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症病因的种植学说(implantation theory of the pathogenesis of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症病因的体腔上皮化生学说(celomic metaplasia theory of the pathogenesis of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症病因的黄素化未破裂卵泡综合征学说(luteinizedunruptured follicle syndrome theory of the pathogenesis of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症病因的免疫学说(immunity theory of the pathogenesis of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症病因的良性转移学说(benign metastasis theory of the pathogenesis of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症发生机制的分子生物学基础(molecular biology basis of the pathogenesis of endometriosis)

芳香化酶P450在异位内膜灶种植中的作用(aromatase P450 in the implantation of ectopic endometrium)

血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在子宫内膜异位灶种植中的作用(vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in the implantation of ectopic endometrium)

异位内膜上雌激素受体与孕激素受体的特点(estrogen and progesterone receptor in ectopic endometrium)

表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)家族在异位内膜进展中的作用(function of epidermal growth factor

receptor(EGFR)in the progression of endometriosis)

生长调节因子α在内膜异位症的盆腔环境中的表达(expression of growth regulated α in the peritoneal environment with endometriosis)

细胞凋亡的调控:Bcl-2、Fas在异位和正位内膜中的表达(expression of Bcl-2 and Fas in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium in regulating endometrial cell apoptosis)

子宫内膜异位症与不育(endometriosis and infertility)

卵巢巧克力囊肿(chocolate ovarian cyst)

子宫直肠陷凹及直肠阴道隔的子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis of rectouterine pouch and rectovaginal septum)

肠道子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis of intestinal/tract)

泌尿系子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis of urinary tract)

宫颈子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis in cervix uteri)

腹膜子宫内膜异位症(peritoneal endometriosis)

胸膜及肺部子宫内膜异位症(pleura and pulmonary endometriosis)

腹壁瘢痕子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis in abdominal scar)

子宫内膜异位症的临床分期(classification of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的Acosta分期(Acosta classification of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的美国生育协会(AFS)分期(American Fertility Society(AFS)classification of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的修改后美国生育协会(RAFS)分期(revised American Fertility Society(RAFS)classification of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的血清CA125测定(serum levels of CA125 in endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的腹腔镜诊断(laparoscopic diagnosis for endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的鉴别诊断(differential diagnosis of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的治疗(treatment of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的假孕疗法(pseudopregnancy treatment of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的假绝经疗法(pseudomenopause treatment of endometriosis)

丹那唑治疗子宫内膜异位症(danazol treatment of endometriosis)

内美通治疗子宫内膜异位症(nemestran treatment of endometriosis)

促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)治疗子宫内膜异位症(gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist GnRH-a treatment of endometriosis)

GnRH-a治疗子宫内膜异位症中的反向添加治疗(add-back treatment for GnRH-a therapy)

棉酚治疗子宫内膜异位症(gossypol treatment of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症米非司酮(RU486)治疗(mifepristone(RU486)treatment of endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的剖腹手术治疗(surgical treatment of endometriosis by laparotomy)

子宫内膜异位症药物与手术综合治疗(combined medical and surgical treatment in endometriosis)

子宫内膜异位症的治疗方法的选择(selection of treatment of endometriosis)

子宫肌腺病(adenomyosis)

子宫腺肌病的手术治疗(surgical treatment of adenomyosis)

子宫腺肌病的药物治疗(medical treatment of adenomyosis)

阴道膀胱膨出(vaginal cystocele)

阴道直肠膨出(vaginal rectocele)

阴道尿道膨出(vaginal urethralcele)

阴道内异物(foreign body in vagina)

外阴血肿(hematoma of vulva)

宫颈撕裂(laceration of cervix)

应力性尿失禁(stress incontinence of urine)

会阴陈旧性撕裂(old laceration of perineum)

阴道囊肿(vaginal cyst)

阴道小肠疝(vaginal enterocele)

子宫脱垂(prolapse of uterus)

宫颈过长(elongation of cervix)

宫颈溃疡(ulceration of cervix)

子宫托(vaginal ring for prolapse of uterus)

子宫腹壁瘘管(uterine abdominal fistula)

膀胱阴道瘘(cysto-vaginal fistula)

尿道阴道瘘(urethro-vaginal fistula)

膀胱尿道阴道瘘(cysto-urethro-vaginal fistula)

膀胱宫颈阴道瘘(cysto-cervical vaginal fistula)

输尿管阴道瘘(uretero-vaginal fistula)

阴道疤痕性狭窄(vaginal atresia by scarring)

阴道裂伤(laceration of vaginal wall)

直肠阴道瘘(recto-vaginal fistula)

处女膜闭锁(imperforate hymen)

先天性直肠阴道瘘(congenital recto-vaginal fistula)

尿道憩室(urethral diverticulum)

阴道积血,子宫积血及输卵管积血(hematocolpos,hematometra and hematosalpinx)

先天性无阴道(congenital absence of vagina)

阴道横隔(transverse vaginal septum)

阴道纵隔(longitudinal vaginal septum)

阴道斜隔(oblique vaginal septum)

宫颈发育不全(congenital anomaly of uterinex)

先天性子宫畸形(congenital anomaly of uterus)

先天性输卵管畸形(congenital anomaly of fallopian tube)

阴道前壁膀胱膨出修补术(anterior colporrhaphy)

阴道后壁直肠膨出修补术(posterior colporrhaphy)

子宫脱垂曼彻斯特修补术(Manchester operation for prolapse of uterus)

阴道式全子宫切除术(vaginal hysterectomy)

阴道前后壁封闭手术(Le-Fort colporrhaphy)

子宫脱垂斯波尔丁—理查森手术(Spalding-Richardson operation for prolapse of uterus)

会阴三度撕裂修补术(operative repair for third degree tear of perineum)

宫颈撕裂修补术(trecheloplasty for laceration of cervix)

外阴切除术(vulvectomy)

肌瘤摘除手术(myomectomy)

部分子宫切除术(subtotal hysterectomy)

全子宫切除术(total hysterectomy)

卵巢囊肿剔除术(enucleation of ovarian cyst)

卵巢输卵管切除术(salpingo-oophorectomy)

输卵管成形术(salpingoplasty)

输卵管造口术(salpingostomy)

输卵管切除术(salpingectomy)

筋膜外全子宫切除术(extrafascial total hysterectomy)

筋膜外扩大全子宫切除术(extended extrafascial hysterectomy)

次广泛全子宫切除术(subextensive hysterectomy)

广泛全子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术(extensive total hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy)

腹膜外淋巴结清扫术(extraperitoneal pelvic lymhadenectomy)

超广泛性全子宫切除术(ultraradical hysterectomy)

盆腔脏器切除术(pelvic exenteration)

妇科腹腔镜技术(gynecologic laparoscopy)

妇科腹腔镜手术的发展史(history of operative gynecologic laparoscopy)

妇科腹腔镜的手术器械(surgical instruments of gynecologic loparoscopy)

腹腔镜手术器械的消毒(sterilixation of laparoscopic instruments)

妇科腹腔镜检的手术方法(surgical skills of gynecologic laparoscopy)

开放式腹腔镜检(open laparoscopy)

显微腹腔镜检(microlaparoscopy)

妇科腹腔镜手术的适应证(indication of operative gynecologic laparoscopy)

妇科腹腔镜手术的禁忌证(contraindication of operative gynecologic laparoscopy)

妇科腹腔镜手术的麻醉(anesthesia of operative gynecologic laparoscopy)

腹腔镜检诊断盆腔包块(laparoscopy for diagnosis of pelvic mass)

腹腔镜检诊断盆腔疼痛(laparoscopy for diagnosis of pelvic pain)

腹腔镜检诊断妇科内分泌疾病(laparoscopy for

diagnosis of gynecologic endocrine disorders)

腹腔镜检诊断生殖器畸形(laparoscopy for diagnosis of genital malformation)

腹腔镜检诊断多囊卵巢(laparoscopyfor diagnosis of polycystic ovary)

腹腔镜下多囊卵巢打孔术(laparoscopic oophorostomy or ovarian drilling for polycystic ovary)

腹腔镜检查不孕症的适应证(indication of laparoscopy for infertility)

腹腔镜检诊断及处理不孕症(laparoscopy for diagnosis and treatment of infertility)

腹腔镜检在卵巢恶性肿瘤中的应用(laparoscopy for ovarian malignant tumors)

腹腔镜检在滋养细胞肿瘤中的应用(laparoscopy for trophoblastic diseases)

腹腔镜检的局限性(limits of laparoscopy)

腹腔镜手术中电凝及电切治疗(laparoscopic surgery with electrocautery and electrocision)

腹腔镜手术使用电凝时注意事项(key points of laparoscopic surgery with electrocautery)

腹腔镜手术中微波治疗(laparoscopic surgery with microwave)

腹腔镜手术中激光治疗(laparoscopic surgery with laser)

妇科腹腔镜手术操作的特点(special skills for operative gynecologic laparoscopy)

妇科腹腔镜手术的并发症(complications of operative gynecologic laparoscopy)

腹腔镜手术并发症的预防(prevention of complications in laparoscopic surgery)

腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿剥除术(enucleation of ovarian cysts under laparoscopy)

腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿切除术(ovariocystectomy under laparoscopy)

腹腔镜下卵巢冠囊肿剥除术(enucleation of parovarian cysts under laparoscopy)

子宫内膜异位症的腹腔镜手术治疗(laparoscopic treatment for endometriosis)

输卵管妊娠腹腔镜手术治疗(laparoscopic treatment for tubal pregnancy)

腹腔镜下盆腔粘连分离术(pelvic adhesiotomy under laparoscopy)

腹腔镜下输卵管造口术(salpingostomy under laparoscopy)

腹腔镜下输卵管脓肿的处理(treatment of pyosalpinx under laparoscopy)

腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤摘除术(laparoscopic myomectomy)

腹腔镜下张力性尿失禁矫治术(surgical treatment of stress incontinence of urine under laparoscopy)

腹腔镜辅助的阴道子宫切除术(laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy,LAVH)

腹腔镜标准鞘内SEMM式子宫切除术(classic intrafascial SEMM hysterectomy,CISH)

腹腔镜下腹膜后淋巴结切除术(laparoscopic lymphadenectomy)

腹腔镜绝育术(laparoscopic sterilization)

腹腔镜下手术优点及不足之处(advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic surgery)

宫腔镜手术的发展史(history of hysteroscopic surgery)

宫腔镜手术的器械与设备(equipment and instrument of hysteroscopic surgery)

宫腔镜检查(diagnostic hysteroscopy)

宫腔镜检查的适应证与禁忌证(indication and contraindication of diagnostic hysteroscopy)

正常宫腔的宫腔镜所见(hysteroscopy of normal uterine cavity)

宫腔镜下常见的几种病理情况(pathological conditions commonly seen by hysteroscopy)

宫腔镜检查并发症(complication of diagnostic hysteroscopy)

宫腔镜B超联合检查(hysteroscopy combining with B sonography)

宫腔镜手术治疗妇科疾病(hysteroscopic surgery for gynecologic disease)

宫腔镜技术治疗不孕症(hysteroscopic treatment for infertility)

宫腔镜手术(operative hysteroscopy)

宫腔镜手术的术前准备(preoperative preparation for hysteroscopic operation)

宫腔镜电切术的灌流液(irrigating fluid for hysteroscopic electroresection)

宫腔镜电切术的灌流方法(fluid irrigation for hysteroscopic electroresection)

宫腔镜子宫内膜电切术(transcervical resection of endometrium,TCRE)

宫腔镜子宫肌瘤切除术(transcervical resection of myoma of uterus,TCRM)

宫腔镜子宫中隔切除术(transcervical resection of uterine septum,TCRS)

宫腔镜子宫粘连切除术(transcervial resection of uterine adhesion,TCRA)

宫腔镜子宫异物取出术(transcervical remoral of intra-uterine foreign body)

宫腔镜下激光手术(hysteroscopic operation with laser)

宫腔镜手术的术后经过(postoperative course of hysteroscopic surgery)

宫腔镜手术的术后处理(postoperative treatment for hysteroscopic surgery)

宫腔镜手术并发症(complications of hysteroscopic surgery)

宫腔镜手术的晚期并发症(late complications of hysteroscopic surgery)

宫腔镜子宫内膜电切除与腹式或阴式子宫切除的比较(comparison of transcervical resection of endometrium with abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy)

宫腔镜子宫内膜电切除与各种方法比较(comparison of transcervical resection of endometrium with other method of endometrial ablation)

宫腹腔镜联合手术在妇科的应用(combining use of hysteroscopic and laparoscopic surgeries in gynecologic disease)

直流电疗法(galvanism)

电离子透入疗法(iontophoresis)

感应电疗法(faradization)

音频电疗法(audiofrequency current therapy)

调制中频电疗法(modulated medium frequency electrotherapy)

干扰电疗法(interferential current therapy)

立体动态干扰电疗法(stereo-dynamic interferential current therapy)

短波电疗法(short wave therapy)

脉冲短波疗法(pulsed short wave therapy)

超短波疗法(ultrashort wave therapy)

微波疗法(microwave therapy)

毫米波疗法(millimeter wave therapy)

高频热疗法(hyperthermia therapy)

红外线疗法(infrared therapy)

可见光疗法(visible light therapy)

紫外线疗法(ultraviolet therapy)

紫外线照射充氧自血回输疗法(ultraviolet blood irradiation and oxygenation,UBIO)

激光疗法(laser therapy)

超声波疗法(ultrasonotherapy)

磁场疗法(magnetic field therapy)

上行淋浴疗法(upward shower therapy)

石蜡疗法(paraffin therapy)

泥疗法(pelotherapy)

砂疗法(sand therapy)

冷冻疗法(cryotherapy)

性学(sexology)

性医学(sexual medicine)

性欲(sexual desire;libido)

性交(sexual intercourse,coitus)

格拉夫伯格点(G点)(Gr?fenberg spot)

性反应时相(phase of sexual response)

女性性功能障碍(female sexual dysfunction)

女性性欲低下(female inadequate sexual desire)

女性性欲亢进(female hypersexuality)

阴道痉挛(vaginismus)

性交疼痛(dyspareunia)

口交(oral-genital sex)

肛交(anal intercourse)

性偏离(sexual deviation)

同性恋(homosexuality)

性骚扰(sexual harassment)

性施虐(sexual sadism)

强奸(rape)

变性手术(sex reversion surgery)

性教育(sexual education)

原始生殖细胞(primordial germ cell)

卵原细胞(oogonia)

初级卵母细胞(primary oocyte)

次级卵母细胞(secondary oocyte)

卵母细胞的最终成熟(final maturation of oocyte)

卵细胞储备(oocyte reserve)

始基卵泡(primordial follicle)

卵泡发育(folliculogenesis)

窦前卵泡(preantral follicle)

窦状卵泡(antral follicle)

排卵前卵泡(preovulatory follicle)

卵泡群的募集(recruitment of follicle cohort)

优势卵泡的选择(selection of dominant follicle)

卵泡闭锁(follicular atresia)

LH/FSH峰(midcycle LH/FSH surge)

促性腺激素释放激素的自身引发作用(self priming effect of GnRh)

排卵(ovulation)

黄体(corpus lutein)

黄体退化(loteolysis)

受精(fertilization)

卵裂(cleavage)

着床(nidation)

雌激素(estrogen)

雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)

孕酮(progesterone)

雄激素(androgen)

性激素结合蛋白(sex hormone-binding globulin SHBG)

雌激素的生理功能(function of estrogen)

孕酮的生理功能(function of progesterone)

月经周期(menstrual cycle)

增殖期(proliferative phase)

分泌期(secretory phase)

月经期(menstrual phase)

垂体促性腺激素(gonadotropin)

卵巢激素的反馈调节(feedback control of ovarian hormones)

卵泡刺激素(follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)

黄体生成激素(luteinizing hormone,LH)

促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin releasing hormone,GnRH)

GnRH脉冲分泌(pulsatile secretion of GnRH)

GnRH的双向调节作用(dual action of GnRH)

中枢神经系下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴(central neuronal system hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary axis)

泌乳素(prolactin)

促性腺激素释放激素增效剂(GnRH agonist,GnRHa)

抑制素(inhibin)

激活素(activin)

卵泡抑素(follistatin)

基础体温(basal body temperature(BBT)measurement)

阴道细胞学检查(vaginal cytology)

宫颈粘液检查(cervical mucus examination)

子宫内膜活体组织检查(endometrium biopsy)

孕酮试验(progesterone test)

雌激素试验(estrogen test)

GnRH兴奋试验(GnRH stimulating test)

生殖激素浓度测定(measurements of reproductive hormones)

盆腔B型超声检查(pelvic ultrasonography)

青春发育期(puberty)

月经初潮(menarche)

乳房初发育(thelarche)

肾上腺功能初现(阴毛初现)(adrenarche;pubarche)

性早熟症真性(完全性)(true-precocious puberty(complete))

体质性(特发性)真性性早熟症(constitutional lidiopathic precocious puberty)

性早熟症假性(不完全性)(pseudo-precocious puberty(incomplete))

McCune-Albright综合征(McCune-Albright syndrome)

乳房早发育(precocious thelarche)

阴毛早现(precocious adrenarche)

青春发育延迟(delayed puberty)

体质性青春发育延迟(constitutional delayed puberty)

性幼稚(sexual infantilism)

月经失调(menstral disorders)

功能失调性子宫出血有排卵型(dysfunctional uterine bleeding,ovulatory)

月经量多(menorrhagia)

经间出血(intermentstrual bleeding)

围排卵期出血(peri-ovulatory bleeding)

卵泡期出血或月经期长(prolonged period)

黄体期出血或经前出血(premenstrual bleeding)

功能失调性子宫出血无排卵型(dysfunctional uterine bleeding,anovulatory)

月经频多(menometrorrhagia)

月经淋漓(menostaxis)

月经过少(hypomenorrhea)

月经稀发(oligomenorrhea)

性交后出血(post-coital bleeding)

撤退性出血(withdrawal bleeding)

突破性出血(breakthrough bleeding)

宫腔镜下子宫内膜切除术(endometrium albation under hysteroscopy)

隐经(cryptomenorrhea)

闭经原发性(amenorrhea,pirmary)

闭经继发性(amenorrhea,secondary)

子宫性闭经(uterine amenorrhea)

宫腔粘连综合征(asherman syndrome)

探宫腔术(sounding of uterine cavity)

副中肾管系发育不全(mullerian dysgenesis;Rukitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome)

卵巢性闭经(高促性腺激素性闭经)(ovarian amenorrhea;hyper-gonadotropic amenorhea)

Turner综合征(Turner syndrome)

卵巢早衰(过早绝经)(premature ovarian failure,premature menopause)

卵巢不敏感综合征(ovarian resistant syndrome;Savage syndrome)

垂体性闭经(pituitary amenorrhea)

希恩综合征(Sheehan syndrome)

空蝶鞍综合征(empty-sella syndrome)

下丘脑性闭经(hypothalamic amenorrhea)

单一性促性腺激素缺乏症(isolated gonadotropin deftciency;Kallmann syndrome)

肥胖生殖无能综合征(frohlich syndrome)

功能性下丘脑性闭经(dysfunctional hypothalamic amenorrhea)

精神性闭经(psychogenic amenorrhea)

营养不良性闭经(malnutritonal amenorrhea;weightloss related amenorrhea)

运动性闭经(exercise-related amenorrhea)

神经性厌食(anorexia nervosa)

避孕药后闭经(post-pill amenorrhea)

正常促性腺激素性闭经(normo-gonadotropic amenorrhea)

低促性腺性闭经(hypo-gonadotropic amenorrhea)

假孕(psuedocyesis)

高雄激素血症(hyperandrogenemia)

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome)

卵泡膜细胞增殖症(hyperthecosis)

女性多毛症(hirsutism)

特发性多毛症(idiopathic hirsutism)

女性男性化(virilization)

黑棘皮症(acanthosis nigicans)

胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance)

高雄激素-胰岛素抵抗-黑棘皮综合征(hyperandrogenemia-insulin resistant-acathos is nigrican syndrome;HAIR-AN syndrome)

卵巢楔形切除术(wedge resection of ovary)

腹腔镜下卵巢打孔术(laparoscopic ovarian cauterization)

高泌乳素血症(hyperprolactinemia)

闭经泌乳综合征(amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome)

垂体泌乳素瘤 大腺瘤(pituitary macroprolactinoma)

垂体泌乳素瘤 微腺瘤(pituitary microprolactinoma)

高泌乳素血症 特发性(idiopathic hyperprolactinemia)

痛经原发性(dysmenorrhea,primary)

痛经继发性(dysmenorrhea,secondary)

经前期紧张症(premenstrual syndrome)

性发育异常(两性畸形)(disorders of sexual development,hermaphroditism)

SRY基因(sex determining region of Y gene)

真两性畸形(tue hermaphroditism)

假两性畸形(psuedohermaphroditism)

曲细精管发育不全(Klinefelter syndrome)

XO/XY性腺发育不全(XO/XY gonadal dysgenesis)

先天性肾上腺皮质增生症,21羟化酶缺乏症(congenital adrenal hyperplasia,21-hydroxy lase deficiency)

肾上腺皮质增生症,17-α羟化酶缺乏症(adrenal hyperplasia,17-α hydroxylase deficiency)

雄激素不敏感综合征(androgen insensitivity syndrome)

条索状性腺(streak gonad)

类无睾体型(eunuchoid)

超雌(super-female)

单纯性腺发育不全(pure gonadal dysgenesis)

围绝经期(perimenopausal period)

绝经过渡期(menopausal transitional period)

绝经前期(premenopausal period)

绝经后期(postmenopausal period)

绝经期综合征(menopausal syndrome)

潮热(hot flushes)

绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis)

骨密度(bone mineral density)

绝经后性激素替代治疗(postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy)

不育症(infertility)

女性不育症,原发性和继发性(female infertility,primary and secondary)

男性不育症(male infertility)

无排卵性不育症(anovulatory infertility)

持续性不排卵(chronic anovulation)

稀发排卵(oligoovulation)

过早黄素化(premature luteinization)

黄体功能缺陷(luteal phase deficiency LPD)

黄素化未破裂卵泡综合征(luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome,LUFS)

输卵管性不育症(tubal infertility)

原因不明性不育症(unexplained infertility)

免疫性不育症(immune infertility)

交媾后试验(postcoital test;Huhner test)

输卵管通液检查(hydrotubation)

子宫输卵管造影(hysterosalpingography)

诱导排卵(induction of ovulation)

控制下促超排卵:CC/HMG/HCG和HMG或FSH/HCG方案(controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH)or controlled super-ovulation:CHMG/HCG and HMG or FSH/HCG project)

控制下促超排卵:GnRH-a/HMG/HCG和GnRH/HMG/HCG方案(controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH):GnRH-a/HMG and GnRH/HMG/HCG project)

卵巢过度刺激综合征(ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome,OHSS)

辅助生育技术(assisted reproductive techniques,ART)

人工授精,夫精(artificial insemination by husbana,AIH)

人工授精,供精(artificial insemination by donor,AID)

人工授精,宫腔内(intra-uterine insemination,IUI)

人工授精 腹腔内(direct intraperitoneal insemination,DIPI)

人工授精 卵泡内(direct intra-follicular insemination,DIFI)

人工授精 输卵管内 经阴道(transvaginal intra-tubal insemination,TITI)

精子输卵管内移植(sperm intra-fallopian transfcr,SIFT)

采卵术(ovum recovery;ovum retrieval)

体外受精,胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)

赠卵体外受精,胚胎移植(oocyte donation,IVF-ET)

赠送胚胎移植(embryo donation ET)

代孕母亲(surrogate mother)

冻融胚胎移植(frozen-thawed embryo transfer)

显微授精,透明带部分解剖(partial zona dissection,PZD)

显微授精透明带下显微授精(subzonal insemination,SUZI)

显微授精胞浆内单精子注射(intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection,(ICSI))

配子移植输卵管内(gamete intra-fallopian transfer,GIFT)

配子移植 宫腔内(gamete intra-utenne transfer,GIUT)

合子移植 输卵管内(zygote intra-fallopian transfer,ZIFT)

胚胎移植 输卵管内(tubal embryo transfer,TET)

辅助性孵化(assisted hatching)

共培养(co-culture)

未成熟卵体外成熟(in vitro maturation of immature oocytes)

选择性灭胎术(selected embryo reduction)

早、早胚胎(pre-embryo)

着床前诊断(pre-implantation diagnosis)

围产期(perinatal period)

出生率(birth rate)

生育率(fertility rate)

死产(stillbirth)

新生儿死亡率(neonatal death rate)

直接母死亡(direct maternal death)

间接母死亡(indirect maternal death)

骨盆的解剖(pelvic anatomy)

骨盆的平面(planes of pelvis)

入口平面(pelvic inlet)

骨盆测量(pelvic measurement)

中腔平面(midpelvis)

出口平面(pelvic outlet)

盆轴(pelvic axis)

骨盆的形态(pelvic shape)

女人型骨盆(gynecoid pelvis)

男人型骨盆(android pelvis)

类人猿型骨盆(anthropoid pelvis)

扁平骨盆(platypelloid pelvis)

佝偻病扁平骨盆(rachitic flat pelvis)

畸形骨盆(pelvis abnormalities)

骨软化症骨盆(osteomalacic pelvis)

倾斜骨盆(obliquely contracted pelvis)

均小骨盆(generally contracted pelvis)

胎盘老化(placental aging)

胎盘的激素(placental hormones)

胎盘绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotropin,HCG)

胎盘生乳素(human placental lactogen,HPL)

检测不出胎盘泌乳素的妊娠(pregnancies without detectable HPL)

胎盘的其他蛋白激素(other protein hormones of placenta)

胎盘生长激素释放激素(placental growth hormone-releasing hormone)

胎盘合成的其他肽类激素(other peptide hormones synthesized in placenta)

胎盘的雌激素(placental estrogen)

母血浆去氢表雄酮(maternal plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate)

胎盘的孕激素(placental progesterone)

胎儿肾上腺(fetal adrenal gland)

泌乳素(prolactin,PRL)

早期妊娠(early pregnancy)

晚期妊娠(late pregnancy)

Braxton Hicks收缩(Braxton Hicks contraction)

蒙氏结节(Montgomery glands)

妊娠平卧低血压综合征(supine hypotension syndrome)

妊娠生理性血稀释(physiological blood dilution)

母-儿交流系统(fetal-maternal communication system)

母儿交流系统的发生(development of fetal-maternal communication system)

母儿交流系统的构成(organization of fetal-maternal communication system)

胎盘arm(placental arm)

妊娠期胎儿的动力作用(dynamic role of the fetus in pregnancy)

胎儿使母体对妊娠的认识(fetal-induced recognition of pregnancy)

黄体与妊娠(luteal corpus and pregnancy)

母体对半异体胎儿移植物的接收(maternal acceptance of the semi-allogenic fetal graft)

胎儿对妊娠内分泌的作用(fetal contribution to the endocrinology of pregnancy)

胎盘对营养的输送(placental sequestration of nutrition)

胎儿在分娩发动中的作用(fetal retreat for initiation of parturition)

胎儿和新生儿对泌乳的作用(fetal and neonatal contribution to lactation)

产前保健(prenatal care)

高危妊娠(high risk pregnancy)

头围(head circumference)

腹围(abdominal circumference)

双顶径(biparietal diameter)

四段触诊法(Leopold's maneuvers)

平均动脉压(mean arterial pressure,MAP)

胎动计数(fetal movement counting)

腹直肌分离(seperation of abdominal rectus muscle)

悬垂腹(pendulous abdomen)

胎动警告征象(warning signs of fetal movement)

胎儿成熟度测定(determination of fetal maturity)

卵磷脂/鞘磷脂的比值测定(L/S比值)(lecithin/sphigomyelin ratio)

羊水振荡试验(shaking test of amnionic fluid)

羊水胆红素测定(bilirubin determination of amniotic fluid)

羊水肌酐测定(creatinine determination of amniotic fluid)

羊水类脂质细胞计数(lipid cell counting of amniotic fluid)

脐血血气分析(blood-ges analysis of umbilical blood)

综合生物物理表现评分(biophysical profile scoring)

经皮脐血穿刺术(cordocentesis)

羊水指数(amniotic fluid index,AFI)

羊水池深度(amniotic fluid depth)

胎心—宫缩电子监护(fetal heart rate-uterine contraction electronic monitoring)

外监护(external monitoring)

内监护(internal monitoring)

无应力试验(non stress test,NST)

声音刺激试验(vibroacoustic stimulation test,VAS)

头皮刺激试验(scalp stimulation test)

宫缩应力试验(contraction stress test,CST)

刺激乳头试验(nipple stimulation test)

胎心率基线(baseline fetal heart activity)

胎心基线短期可变性(short-term baseline variability of fetal heart beat)

胎心基线长期可变性(long-term baseline variabilitv of fetal heart beat)

胎心心动过速(fetal tachycardia)

胎心心动过缓(fetal bradycardia)

胎心率加速(acceleration of fetal heart rate)

胎心率可变减速(variable deceleration of fetal heart rate)

胎心率早期减速(early deceleration of fetal heart rate)

胎心率晚期减速(late deceleration of fetal heart rate)

胎心率延长减速(prolong deceleration of fetal heart rate)

胎心心律失常(cardiac arrhythmia of fetal heart rate)

胎心正弦型图形(sinusoid pattern of fetal heart rate)

胎儿头皮血气分析(fetal scalp blod sampling)

胎儿血氧饱和度测定(determination of fetal oxyhemoglobin saturation)

分娩的子宫分期(the uterine phases of parturition)

分娩子宫0期(uterine phase 0 of parturitiom)

分娩0期的类固醇激素(steroid hormone contributions in phase 0 of parturition)

激素及细胞与细胞间的联系(hormone and cell-to-cell communication)

分娩0期β-肾上腺能受体(β-adrenoreceptor and phase 0 of parturition)

分娩0期松驰素(relaxin and phase 0 of parturition)

分娩0期子宫肌层的黄体生成素/绒毛促性腺激素受体(LH/HCGreceptors in myometrium and phase 0 of parturition)

分娩0期促肾上腺皮质激素释放素(corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)and phase 0 of parturition

分娩0期甲状旁腺素相关蛋白(parathyroid hormone-related protein(PTH-rp)and phase 0 of parturition)

分娩0期的前列腺素(Prostaglandin and phase 0 of parturition)

分娩0期的子宫肌层的环苷鸟酸(cgmp of cyclic guanosine monophosphate,in phase 0 of parturition)

分娩0期的心、脑钠素肽(atrial/brain natriuretic peptidesin phase 0 of parturition)

一氧化氮的合成及环苷鸟酸(nitric oxide synthesis and cgmp)

子宫0期的安全系统的消失(fial-safe system of uterine phase 0)

分娩Ⅰ期(uterine phase 1 of parturition)

分娩Ⅱ期的前列腺素(prostaglandins and phase 2 of parturition)

分娩Ⅱ期的血小板激活因子(platelet activating factors(PAF)and phase 2 of parturition)

分娩Ⅱ期的内皮素-1(edothelin-1 and phase 2 of parturition)

缩宫素与分娩的发动(uterotonin and initiation of parturition)

催产素(oxytocin)

催产素的历史(history of oxytocin)

催产素的生物及化学(biology and chemistry of oxytocin)

催产素对心血管作用(cardiovacular effects of oxytocin)

催产素的抗利尿作用(antidiuresis)

催产素与分娩的发动(oxytocin and initiation of parturition)

类固醇与催产素受体(steroids and oxytocin receptors)

胎儿催产素(fetal oxytocin)

麦角新碱(ergonovine)

宫颈成熟(cervical ripening)

宫内组织与分娩(contribution of intrauterine tissue to parturition)

前羊水囊(forebag of amniotic fluid)

盆底(pelvic floor)

入室试验(electronic admission testing)

入室阴道检查(admittance vaginal examination)

真假临产的区别(difference of true labor and false labor)

Montevideo单位(Montevideo unit)

分娩的三要素(three main factors of labor)

正常枕位分娩的机转(cardinal movement of labor in occiput presentation)

产程(labor course)

胎膜破裂(rupture of the fetal membrane)

产程图(partograph)

胎儿窘迫(fetal distress)

羊水粪染(meconium in the amniotic fluid)

急产(precipitate labor)

难产(dystocia)

羊膜腔灌注(amnioinfusion)

胎盘剥离的征象(signs of placental separation)

手取胎盘(manual removal of placenta)

产道撕裂(laceration of the birth canal)

会阴切开术(episiotomy)

产褥期(puerperium)

初乳(colostrum)

成熟乳(mature milk)

泌乳反射(lactation reflex)

射乳反射(rejecting reflex)

母乳性黄疸(breast milk jaundice)

恶露(lochia)

产后尿潴留(puerperal urine retention)

孕妇心律失常(arrhythmias in pregnancy)

心脏病与妊娠(heart diseases in pregnancy)

妊娠期血容量变化(blood volume change in pregnancy)

妊娠期心钠素改变(atrial natriuretic peptides in pregnancy)

妊娠期血红蛋白浓度和红细胞压积改变(haemoglobin concentration and heamatocrit change in pregnancy)

妊娠期心脏改变(heart changes in pregnancy)

妊娠期胸部X线像(chestX-ray during pregnancy)

妊娠期心电图(electrocardiography during pregnancy)

妊娠期心输出量改变(cardiac output change in pregnancy)

妊娠期心搏量改变(stroke volume change in pregnancy)

妊娠期血压改变(blood pressure change in pregnancy)

妊娠期血液动力学改变(hemodynamic changes in pregnancy)

心脏病妇女产前处理(management of antepartum in cardiac disorder)

心脏病妇女产间处理(management of intrapartum in cardiac disoder)

心脏病妇女产后处理(management of postpartum in

cardiac disorder)

瓣膜置换后妊娠妇女(pregnancy women with valve replacement)

妊娠期瓣膜置换(valve replacement during pregnancy)

风湿性心脏病合并妊娠(rheumatic heart disease complicated pregnancy)

妊娠妇女瓣膜病(Valve diseases in pregnancy)

孕期二尖瓣狭窄(mitral stenosis in pregnancy)

孕期二尖瓣闭锁不全(mitral insufficiency in pregnancy)

孕期主动脉瓣狭窄(aortic stenosis in pregnancy)

孕期主动脉瓣关闭不全(aortie insufficiency in pregnancy)

孕妇先天性心脏病(congenital heart disease in pregnancy)

孕妇房间隔缺损(atrial septal defect in pregnancy)

孕妇室间隔缺损(ventricular septal defect in pergnancy)

孕妇动脉导管未闭(persistent ductus arteriosus in pregnant women)

青紫型心脏病合并妊娠(cyanotic heart disease complicated precnancy)

肺动脉高压合并妊娠(pulmonary hypertension complicated pregnancy)

孕妇二尖瓣脱垂(mitral valve prolapse in pregnancy)

围产期心肌病(peripartum cardiomyopathy)

孕妇心内膜炎(endocarditis in pregnancy)

马凡综合征与妊娠(marfan syndrome in pregnancy)

孕妇肥厚性心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in pregnancy)

孕妇脊柱后凸性心脏病(kyphoscdiotic heart disease in pregnancy)

妊娠期胃肠道改变(gastrointestinal tracy changes during pregnancy)

妊娠期肠道外营养(parenteral nutrition during pregnancy)

妊娠期反流性食管炎(reflux esophagitis in pregnancy)

妊娠期裂孔疝(hiatal hernia in pregnancy)

妊娠期膈疝(diaphragmatic hernia in pregnancy)

妊娠期消化性溃疡(pcptic ulcer in pregnancy)

妊娠期上消化道出血(upper gastrointestinal bleeding in pregnancy)

妊娠期便秘(constipation in pregnancy)

阑尾炎合并妊娠(appendicitis in pregnancy)

妊娠期肝脏生理(hepatic physiology in pregnancy)

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy)

妊娠急性脂肪肝(acute fatty liver of pregnancy)

HELLP综合征(HELLP syndrome)

妊娠期病毒性肝炎(viral hepatitis in pregnancy)

甲型肝炎与妊娠(hepatitis A and pregnancy)

乙型肝炎与妊娠(hepatitis B and pregnancy)

丙型肝炎合并妊娠(hepatitis C and pregnancy)

慢性肝炎与妊娠(chronic hepatitis and pregnancy)

肝硬变与妊娠(cirrhosis and pregnancy)

妊娠期胆囊病(gallbladder disease during pregnancy)

妊娠期无症状胆囊结石(asymptomatic gallstones during pregnancy)

肥胖与妊娠(obesity and pregnancy)

妊娠期胰腺炎(pancreatitis during pregnancy)

妊娠期贫血的定义(definition of anemia in pregnancy)

妊娠期生理性贫血(physiological anemia in pregnancy)

贫血对妊娠的影响(effects of anemia on pregnancy)

妊娠期缺铁性贫血(iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy)

妊娠期巨幼红细胞性贫血(megalobastic anemia in pregnancy)

妊娠期叶酸缺乏性贫血(folic acid dificiency anemia in pregnancy)

阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿与妊娠(paroxysmal noctumal hemoglobinuria and pregnancy)

deficiency anermia in pregnancy)

妊娠引起溶血性贫血(pregnancy induced hemolytic anemia)

妊娠期糖尿病的筛查(screening of gestation diabetes)

镰状细胞血红蛋白病与妊娠(sickle-cell hemoglobinopathies and pregnancy)

地中海贫血与妊娠(Thalassemias anemia and pregnancy)

免疫性血小板减少性紫癜与妊娠(immunological thrombocytopenic purpura and pregnancy)

妊娠期糖尿病分类(classification of diabetic during pregnancy)

妊娠期甲状腺生理(throid physiology during pregnancy)

妊娠期糖尿病的诊断标准(diagnostic criteria of gestational diadetic)

巨大儿(macrosomia)

糖尿病对胎儿的影响(effect of diabetic on fetus)

糖尿病母亲新生儿发病率(neonatal morbidity of maternal diabetic)

嗜铬细胞瘤与妊娠(pheochromocytoma and pregnancy)

甲状腺功能亢进合并妊娠(hyperthyroidism complicated pregnancy)

甲状腺功能低减合并妊娠(hypothyroidism complicated pregnancy)

副甲状腺功能亢进合并妊娠(hyperparathyroidism complicated pregnancy)

副甲状腺功能低减合并妊娠(hypoparathyroidism complicated pregnancy)

妊娠期泌尿道改变(urinary tract changes during pregnancy)

爱迪森病与妊娠(Addison disease and pregnancy)

柯兴综合征与妊娠(Cushing syndrome and pregnancy)

垂体泌乳素瘤和妊娠(prolactinomas and pregnancy)

席汉综合征(Sheehan syndrome)

妊娠期膀胱和尿道炎(cystitis and urethritis in pregnancy)

妊娠期肾功能改变(kidney function changes during pregnancy)

单侧肾切除术后妊娠(pregnancy after unilateral nephrectomy)

妊娠期泌尿道感染(urinary tract infections in pregnancy)

妊娠期无症状菌尿(asymptomatic bacteriura in pragnancy)

妊娠期肾小球病(glomerulopathies during pregnancy)

妊娠期急性肾盂肾炎(acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy)

妊娠期慢性肾盂肾炎(chronic pyelonephritis in pregnancy)

妊娠期肾结石(nephrolithiasis in pregnancy)

妊娠期泌尿系结石病(stone disease during pregnancy)

多囊肾与妊娠(polycystic kidney disease and pregnancy)

急性肾小球肾炎与妊娠(acute glomerulonephritis and pregnancy)

肾小球肾炎对妊娠的影响(effect of glomerulonephritis on pregnancy)

慢性肾小球肾炎与妊娠(chronic glomerulonephritis and pregnancy)

肾病综合征合并妊娠(nephrotic syndrome complication pregnancy)

急性肾衰竭合并妊娠(acute renal failure with pregnancy)

慢性肾功能不全与妊娠(chronic renal insufficiency and pregnancy)

肾移植后妊娠(pregnancy after renal transplantation)

妊娠期肾透析(dialysis during pregnancy)

妊娠期细菌性肺炎的病因(etiology of bacterial pneumonia in pregnancy)

梗阻性肾衰竭合并妊娠(obstructive renal failure with pregnancy)

特发性产后肾衰竭(idiopathic postpartum renal failure)

妊娠期呼吸道的解剖变化(anatomic changes of respiratory tract in pregnancy)

妊娠期肺部的生理改变(pulmonary physiology

changes in pregnancy)

妊娠期肺炎(pneumonia in pregnancy)

妊娠期细菌性肺炎的处理(management of bacterial pneumonia in pregnancy)

妊娠期细菌性肺炎的临床表现(clinical manifestations of bacterial pneumonia in pregnancy)

妊娠期细菌性肺炎的诊断(diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia in pregnancy)

妊娠对细菌性肺炎的影响(effects of pregnancy on bacterial pneumonia)

细菌性肺炎对妊娠的影响(effects of bacterial pneumonia on pregnancy)

妊娠期哮喘病因(etiology of asthma in pregnancy)

妊娠期细菌性肺炎的预防(prevention of bacterial pneumonia in pregnancy)

妊娠期流行性感冒病毒肺炎(influenza pneumonia in pregnancy)

妊娠期水痘病毒性肺炎(varicella pneumonia in pregnancy)

妊娠合并哮喘(asthma in pregnancy)

哮喘对妊娠的影响(effects of asthma on pregnancy)

妊娠期哮喘的病理生理(pathophysiology of asthma in pregnancy)

妊娠期哮喘的临床表现(clinical manifestations of asthma in pregnancy)

妊娠期哮喘的实验室检查(lab findings of asthma in pregnancy)

妊娠对哮喘的影响(effects of pregnancy on asthma)

妊娠期肺结核的病因(etiology oflung tuberculosis during pregnancy)

妊娠期哮喘的诊断(diagnosis of asthma during pregnancy)

妊娠期哮喘的治疗(treatment of asthma during pregnancy)

哮喘患者临产及分娩的处理(management of asthma during labor and delivery)

妊娠合并肺结核(pregnancy complicated with lung tuberculosis)

妊娠期肺结核的诊断(diagnosis of lung tuberculosis during pregnancy)

妊娠期肺结核的临床表现(manifestations of lung tuberculosis during pregnancy)

妊娠期肺结核的辅助检查(auxiliary findings of lung tuberculosis during pregnancy)

妊娠对肺结核的影响(effects of pregnancy on lung tuberculosis)

肺结核对妊娠的影响(effects of lung tuberculosis on pregnancy)

妊娠期脊柱后侧突畸形的处理(management of kyphoscoliosis during pregnancy)

妊娠期肺结核的处理(management of lung tuberculosis during pregnancy)

妊娠合并脊柱后侧突畸形(kyphoscolisis in pregnancy)

脊柱后侧突畸形的病因(etiology of kyphoscoliosis)

妊娠期脊柱后侧突畸形的临床表现(clinical manifestations of kyphscoliosis during pregnancy)

抗磷脂抗体(antiphospholipid antibodies)

系统性红斑狼疮与妊娠(systemic lupus erythematosus and pregnancy)

狼疮对胎儿的影响(lupus effect on fetus)

新生儿狼疮(neonatal lupus)

系统性硬化与妊娠(systemic sclerosis(scleroderma)and pregnancy)

抗磷脂抗体与正常妊娠(antiphospholipid antibodies in normal pregnancy)

妊娠期抗磷脂抗体的筛查(screening test of antiphospholipid antibodies during pregnancy)

抗磷脂抗体对妊娠的影响(antiphospholipid antibodies effect on pregnancy)

类风湿性关节炎与妊娠(rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy)

肺栓塞与妊娠(pulmonary embolism and pregnancy)

皮肌炎和多发肌炎与妊娠(dermatomyositis and polymysitis in pregnancy)

妊娠期血栓栓塞病(thromboembolic disease in pregnancy)

浅静脉栓塞与妊娠(superficial venous thrombosis and pregnancy)

深静脉血栓与妊娠(deep venous thrombosis and pregnancy)

癫痫与妊娠(epilepsy and pregnancy)

抗凝与分娩(anticoagulation and delivery)

既往血栓栓塞病与妊娠(thromboembolism in previous pregnancy)

偏头疼与妊娠(migraine headaches and pregnancy)

抗抽搐药物对胎儿、新生儿的影响(effects of anticonvulsants on fetus and infant)

脑血管病与妊娠(cerebrovascular disease and pregnancy)

脑动、静脉血栓形成与妊娠(cerebral artery and venous thrombosis and pregnancy)

脑栓塞与妊娠(cerebral embolism and pregnancy)

颅内出血与妊娠(intracerebral hemorrhage and pregnancy)

蜘蛛膜下腔出血与妊娠(subarachnoid hemorrhage and pregnancy)

妊娠与囊性纤维病(cystic fibrosis in pregnancy)

重症肌无力与妊娠(myasthenia gravis and pregnancy)

妊娠的心理适应(psychological adjustment to pregnancy)

妊娠对精神病的影响(effect of pregnancy on mental illness)

产妇精神沮丧(maternity blues)

产后抑郁症(postpartum depression)

产后精神病(postpartum psychosis)

化疗对胎儿的影响(effects of chemotherapy on the fetus)

妊娠与类肉瘤病(sarcoidosis in pregnancy)

妊娠期恶性肿瘤的发生率(incidence of malignant tumors in pregnancy)

妊娠对恶性肿瘤的影响(effects of pregnancy on malignant tumors)

恶性肿瘤对妊娠的影响(effects of malignant tumors on pregnancy)

放射诊断对胎儿的不良影响(side effects of radiological diagnosis on the fetus)

放射治疗对胎儿的影响(effects of radiological therapy on the fetus)

妊娠合并恶性淋巴瘤(malignant lymphoma in pregnancy)

妊娠合并乳腺癌(breast cancer in pregnancy)

妊娠对乳腺癌的影响(effects of pregnancy on the breast cancer)

妊娠期黑色素瘤的预后(prognosis of melanoma in pregnancy)

妊娠合并甲状腺癌(thyroid carcinoma in pregnancy)

妊娠合并白血病(leukemia in pregnancy)

早期流产(early abortion)

妊娠合并结肠及直肠癌(carcinoma of colon and rectum in pregnancy)

妊娠合并胃癌(gastric cancer in pregnancy)

妊娠合并中枢神经系统肿瘤(tumors of central nervous system in pregnancy)

妊娠合并恶性骨肿瘤(malignant bone tumor in pregnancy)

妊娠剧吐(hyperemesis gravidarum)

流产(abortion)

内分泌疾患与流产(endocrine disease and abortion)

晚期流产(late abortion)

过期流产(missed abortion)

胚胎停育流产(abortion of undeveloped embryo)

孕卵枯萎流产(abortion of atrophic embryo)

染色体异常与流产(abortion and chromosome aberration)

TORCH与流产(TORCH infection and abortion)

黄体功能不全与流产(luteal phase defect and abortion)

母体全身性疾患与流产(maternal whole body disease and abortion)

母体生殖器官疾病与流产(maternal genital diseases and abortion)

感染性流产(infected abortion)

抗磷脂抗体与流产(antiphospholipid antibody and abortion)

免疫与流产(immunity and abortion)

血型不合与流产(blood group incompatibility and abortion)

Rh因子与流产(Rh factor and abortion)

组织相容性抗原与流产(histocompatibility locus antigen and abortion)

自然流产(spontaneous abortion)

天然杀伤细胞与流产(natural killer cell and abortion)

烟、酒与流产(smoking,drinking and abortion)

职业与流产(occupation and abortion)

习惯性流产(habitual abortion)

反复性流产(recurrent abortion)

人工流产综合征(artificial abortion syndrome)

亚临床自然流产(subclinical spontaneous abortion)

流产的血HCG检查(blood HCG test in abortion)

流产的B超声检查(ultrasonographic examination in abortion)

人工流产(artificial abortion)

合法流产(legal abortion)

吸宫清宫术(suction curettage of uterus)

宫颈或宫腔粘连(cervical or uterine cavity adhesion;Asherman syndrome)

手术流产(surgical termination of pregnancy)

药物流产(medicinal termination of pregnancy)

米非司酮流产(medicinal termination of pregnancy with mifepristrone,Ru 486 abortion)

疗病流产(therapeutic abortion)

子宫颈重度撕裂与流产(severe laceration of uterocervix and abortion)

违法流产(illegal abortion;criminal abortion)

堕胎(aborticide;feticide)

脓毒性流产(septic baortion)

精神性流产(psychiatric abortion)

意外流产(accidental abortion)

假性流产(false abortion)

子宫颈内口松弛与流产(incompetent internal cervical os and abortion)

输卵管妊娠(tubal pregnancy)

先兆流产(threatened abortion;incipient abortion)

难免流产(inevitable abortion)

紧迫性流产(imminent abortion)

不全流产(incomplete abortion)

完全流产(complete abortion)

滑胎(sliding abortion)

漏胎(leakage abortion)

异位妊娠,宫外孕(ectopic pregnancy,extrauterine pregnancy)

子宫内膜A-S反应(Arias-Stella signof endometrium)

输卵管妊娠的发病原因(pathogenesis of tubal pregnancy)

输卵管妊娠流产(tubal abortion)

输卵管妊娠破裂(tubal rupture)

重复性宫外孕(repeated extrauterine pregnancy)

蜕膜管型(decidual cast)

子宫残角妊娠(pregnancy in rudimentary born)

陈旧性宫外孕(old ectopic pregnancy)

腹腔妊娠(abdominal pregnancy)

石胎(lithopedion)

阔韧带内妊娠(intraligamentous pregnancy)

输卵管间质部妊娠(interstitial tubal pregnancy)

卵巢妊娠(ovarian pregnancy)

宫颈妊娠(cervical pregnancy)

输卵管妊娠的鉴别诊断(differential diagnosis of tubal pregnancy)

宫外孕的后穹窿穿刺(culdocentesis for extrauterine pregnancy)

宫外孕的血HCG测定(serum assay for human chorionic gonadotropin for extrauterine pregnancy)

宫外孕的B超声诊断(B ultrasonography for diagnosis of extrauterine pregnancy)

宫外孕的子宫内膜检查(endometrium examination for extrauterin pregnancy)

宫外孕的腹腔镜检查(laparoscopic diagnosis for extrauterine pregnancy)

早产(premature labor)

卵巢黄体破裂(rupture of corpus luteum)

异位妊娠的剖腹手术治疗(treatment for ectopic pregnancy by laparotomy)

自体输血(autotransfusion)

输卵管妊娠中医药治疗(treatment for tubal

pregnancv by traditional Chinese medicine)

输卵管妊娠的化学药物治疗(chemotherapy for tubal pregnancy)

早产的预防(prevention of premature labor)

胎膜早破与早产(premature rupture of membranes and premature labor)

早产的诊断(diagnosis of premature labor)

早产宫缩抑制剂的应用(application of tocolytic drugs in premature labor)

早产的促胎肺成熟(promotion of fetal lung maturity in premature labor)

妊高征发病的子宫、胎盘缺血学说(uteroplacental ischemia in pathogenesis of PIH)

医源性早产(premature labor due to medical reasons)

妊娠高血压综合征(简称妊高征)(pregnancy induced hypertension,PIH)

妊高征发病的遗传学说(genetic predisposition in pathogenesis of PIH)

妊高征发病的免疫学说(immunological mechanisms in pathogenesis of PIH)

中度妊高征(moderate PIH)

妊高征发病的血管内皮功能失调学说(endothelial dysfunction in pathogenesis of PIH)

妊高征发病的血管活性物质学说(vasoactive compounds in pathogenesis of PIH)

妊高征发病的营养缺乏学说(dietary deficiencies in pathogenesis of PIH)

妊高征的分类(classification of PIH)

轻度妊高征(mild PIH)

慢性高血压合并妊高征(chronic hypertension superimposed PIH)

重度妊高征(severe PIH)

先兆子痫(preeclampsia)

子痫(eclampsia)

妊娠高血压(hypertension during pregnancy)

妊高征并发Hellp综合征(PIH-associated Hellp syndrome)

妊高征并发心脏病(PIH-associated heart disease)

妊高征并发脑血管疾病(PIH-associated cerebral vascular diseases)

妊高征并发急性肾功能衰竭(PIH-associated acute renal failure)

妊高征并发弥漫性血管内凝血(PIH-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation)

妊高征中利尿剂的应用(application of diuretic drugs in PIH)

妊高征的解痉治疗(anticonvutsive therapy of PIH)

妊高征的降压治疗(antihypertensive therapy of PIH)

妊高征的扩容治疗(volume expansive therapy of PIH)

完全性(中央性)前置胎盘(complete(central)placenta previa)

妊高征终止妊娠的抉择(termination of pregnancy in PIH)

妊高征的预防(prevention of PIH)

妊高征的预测(prediction of PIH)

前置胎盘(placenta previa)

胎盘早期剥离(简称胎盘早剥)(placental abruption)

部分性前置胎盘(partial placenta previa)

边缘性前置胎盘(marginal placenta previa)

低置胎盘(low-lying placenta)

前置胎盘的诊断(diagnosis of placenta previa)

前置胎盘的期待疗法(expectant therapy of placenta previa)

前置胎盘的剖宫产术(cesarean section in placenta previa)

胎盘早剥并发凝血障碍(placental abruptionassociated coagulopathy)

胎盘早剥的类型(type of placental abruption)

内出血型(隐性出血型)胎盘早剥(internal(concealed)bleeding type of placental abruptin)

外出血型(显性出血型)胎盘早剥(external(revealed)bleeding type of placental abruption)

混合出血型胎盘早剥(mixed bleeding type of placental abruption)

子宫胎盘卒中(uteroplacental apoplexy;couvelaire uterus)

多胎妊娠(multiple pregnancy)

胎盘早剥的肝素治疗(hepann treatment in placental abruption)

产科低血容量性休克(obstetric hypovolemic shock)

产科弥漫性血管内凝血(disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)in obstetrics)

产科消耗性凝血障碍(comsumptive coagrulopathy in obstetrics)

压扁胎儿(纸样儿)(compressed fetus;papyraceous fetus)

促排卵与多胎妊娠(ovulation induction and multiple pregnancy)

单卵双胎(identical(monozygotic)twins,MZ)

双卵双胎(fraternal(dizygotic)twins,DZ)

单羊膜囊双胎(single amniotic sac twins)

联体双胎(conjoined twins)

双胎并发妊高征(twins associated PIH)

双胎输血综合征(twin-twin transfusion syndrome,TTS)

双胎并发胎位异常(twins associated malpresentation)

双胎并发贫血(twins associated anemia)

双胎并发羊水过多(twins associated polyhydramnios)

双胎的剖宫产分娩(cesarean section of twins)

双胎并发早产(twins associated premature labor)

双胎并发子宫收缩乏力(twins associated uterine inertia)

双胎胎头交锁(head locking,twin entrapment)

双胎一儿宫内死亡(intrauterine death of one twin)

双胎的阴道分娩(vaginal delivery of twins)

羊水过多的羊膜腔穿刺治疗(therapeutic amniocentesis of polyhydramnios)

多胎妊娠的预防(prevention of multiple pregnancy)

羊水过多(polyhydramnios)

急性羊水过多(acute polyhydramnios)

慢性羊水过多(chronic polyhydramnios)

羊水过多的消炎痛治疗(indomethacin treatment of polyhydramnios)

羊水过少的分娩方式(delivery of patient with oligohydramnios)

羊水过少(oligohydramnios)

妊娠中期羊水过少(oligohydramnios in the seconel trimester)

妊娠晚期羊水过少(oligohydramnios in the third trimester)

羊水过少的羊膜腔内灌注疗法(intraamniotic cavity infusion in cases with oligohydramnios)

过期妊娠并发巨大儿(macrosomia in prolonged pregnancy)

羊水过少的产程监护(monitoring during labor for patient with oligohydramnios)

过期妊娠(prolonged pregnancy)

过期妊娠与羊水过少(prolonged pregnancy associated oligohydramnios)

过期妊娠的胎儿监测(fetal monitoring in prolonged pregnancy)

对称型胎儿生长限制(symmetrical FGR)

过熟儿(postmaturity)

高年初产妇(elderly pnmipara)

高年初产妇与唐氏综合征(elderly primipara and Down syndrome)

胎儿生长限制(fetal growth restriction,FGR)

胎儿生长限制的超声监测(ultrasonographic monito ring in FGR)

非对称性胎儿生长限制(asymmetrical FGR)

胎儿生长限制的母体因素(maternal factors in FGR)

胎儿生长限制的胎儿因素(fetal factors in FGR)

胎儿生长限制的母胎因素(maternal-fetal factors in FGR)

胎儿生长限制并发新生儿低钙血症(FGR-associated neonatal hypocalcemia)

胎儿生长限制预后的评估(prognostic assessment of FGR)

胎儿生长限制并发羊水过少(FGR-associated oligohydramnios)

胎儿生长限制并发胎儿畸形(FGR-associated congenital malformations)

胎儿生长限制并发新生儿窒息(FGR-associated neonatal asphyxia)

胎儿生长限制并发新生儿低血糖症(FGR-associated neonatal hypoglycemia)

胎儿生长限制的处理(management of FGR)

胎儿生长限制并发新生儿红细胞增多症(FGR-associated neonatal polycythemia)

胎儿生长限制并发新生儿呼吸窘迫症(FGR-associated neonatal respiratory distress)

胎儿生长限制并发缺氧、缺血性脑病(FGR-associated hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy)

Rh血型不合(Rh incompatibility)

死胎(fetal death)

母儿血型不合(maternal fetal blood groups incompati-bility)

ABO血型不合(ABO incompatibility)

抗体滴度测定(antibody titers determination)

母儿血型不合的中药预防(prophylaxis with herbal medicine in maternal fetal blood groups incompatibility)

宫内输血(intrauterine transfusions)

Rh免疫的有关因素(factors related to Rh immunization)

免疫性胎儿水肿(immunological fetal hydrops)

非免疫性胎儿水肿(non-immunological fetal hydrops)

新生儿溶血症的蓝光治疗(phototherapy in neonatal hemolysis)

Rh免疫胎儿的B超监测(fetal ultrasonographic monitoring in Rh immunization)

新生儿溶血症(neonatal hemolysis)

库姆试验(Coomb test)

游离抗体测定(free antibodies determination)

抗体释放测定(releasing antibodies determination)

Rh免疫的预防(prevention of Rh immunization)

新生儿溶血症的药物治疗(medication in neonatal hemolysis)

新生儿溶血症的换血疗法(blood exchange in neonatal hemolysis)

核黄疸(kernicterus)

原发性宫缩乏力(primary dysfunctional labor)

产力异常(abnormal uterine contractions)

产程图异常(abnormal patterns of partogram)

分娩潜伏期延长(prolonged latent phase of labor)

分娩活跃期延长(prolonged active phase of labor)

分娩活跃期停滞(protracted active phase of labor)

第二产程延长(prolonged second stage of labor)

滞产(prolonged,protracted labor)

胎头位置异常(cephalic malpresentations)

继发性宫缩乏力(secondary dysfunctional labor)

强直性宫缩(uterine tonic contraction)

子宫痉挛性狭窄环(uterine spasmodic ring)

子宫收缩过强(hypertonia uterine contraction)

子宫病理缩复环(pathologic retraction ring of uterus)

急产(precipitate labor)

软产道异常(abnomality of soft tissue passage)

宫颈僵直(cervical rigidity)

胎位异常(fetal malpresentation)

复合先露(compound presentation)

头位难产(cephalic dystocia)

胎儿持续性枕横位(胎头低横位)(persistent occipito-transverse position;deep transverse arrest)

胎儿持续性枕后位(persistent occipito-posterior position)

胎儿额位(brow presentation)

胎头高直位(sincipital presentation)

子宫破裂(uterine rupture)

胎儿臀位(breech presentation)

胎儿横位(transverse lie)

巨大胎儿(macrosomia)

头盆不称(cephalopelvic disproportion)

试产(trial labor)

反馈调节脉冲式缩宫素引产(induction of labor with feedback pulsatile oxytocin system)

胎盘嵌顿(placenta incarcerata)

先兆子宫破裂(threatened uterine rupture)

不完全性子宫破裂(incomplete uterine rupture)

产后出血(postpartum hemorrhage)

子宫弛缓性出血(postpartum hemorrage due to uterine atony)

胎盘滞留(retained placenta)

胎盘小叶残留(retained cotyledon)

胎膜残留(retained membranes)

会阴血肿(vulvar hematoma)

胎盘粘连(adherent placenta)

植入胎盘(placenta accreta)

膜状胎盘(placenta membranaceaus)

宫颈裂伤(cervical laceration)

产道血肿(birth canal hematoma)

轮状胎盘(placenta circumvallata)

阴道血肿(vaginal hematoma)

阔韧带血肿(hematoma of broad ligament)

子宫内翻(uterine inversion)

胎膜早破(premature rupture of membranes,PROM)

隐性脐带脱垂(latent cord prolapse)

脐带脱垂(cord prolapse)

单脐动脉(single umbilical artery)

帆状胎盘(velamentaous placenta)

胎盘血管瘤(placental angioma)

前置血管(vasa previa)

脐带异常(cord abnormal)

无脐带(anomphalus)

脐带囊肿(cysts of umbilical cord)

羊水栓塞的治疗(treatment of amniotic fluid embolism)

会阴阴道裂伤(colpoperineal laceration)

会阴Ⅰ度裂伤(first degree of perineal laceration)

会阴Ⅱ度裂伤(second degree of perineal laceration)

会阴Ⅲ度裂伤(third degree of perineal laceration)

羊水栓塞(amniotic fluid embolism)

羊水栓塞的病理(pathology of amniotic fluid embolism)

死产(stillbirth)

绒毛膜羊膜炎(chorioamnionitis)

羊膜腔感染综合征(intraamniotic infection syndrome,IAIS)

新生儿窒息(neonatal asphyxia)

头部血肿(cephalohaenatoma)

胎头变形(moulding of the fetal head)

产后子宫感染的常见病原体(pathogens commonly responsible for postpartum uterine infection)

产科麻痹(maternal or obstetric palsies)

产褥感染(puerperal infection)

产褥病率(puerperal morbidity)

产后子宫感染(postpartum uterine infection)

产后子宫感染的高危因素(high risk factors of postpartum uterine infection)

产后盆腔血栓性静脉炎(postpartum pelvic thrombophlebitis)

产后子宫感染的抗生素治疗(antimicrobial therapy of postpartum uterine infection)

剖宫产后腹部伤口感染(postpartum abdominalp incisional infection after cesarean section)

剖宫产后子宫切口感染(infection of uterine incision after cesarean section)

产后宫旁蜂窝组织炎(postpartum parametrial phlegmon)

产后腹膜炎(postpartum peritonitis)

子宫复旧不全(subinvolution of uterus)

产后会阴伤口感染(postpartum perineal wound infection)

产科感染性休克(obstetric infectious shock)

晚期产后出血(late postpartum hemorrhage)

手转胎头(manual rotation)

产后中暑(postpartum heat stroke)

人工破膜(amniotomy;artificial rupture of the membranes)

羊膜镜(amnioscopy)

胎儿头皮血采取(fetal blood sampling,FBS)

古典式剖宫产(classic caesarean section)

产钳术(forceps delivery)

产钳转胎头(rotation with forceps)

胎头负压吸引术(ventouse delivery;vaouum extraction)

剖宫产(caesarean section)

选择性剖宫产(elective caesarean section)

臀位助产术(breech assisted delivery)

子宫下段剖宫产(lower segment caesarean section)

腹膜外剖宫产(extraperitoneal caesarean section)

剖宫产子宫切除术(Porro operation)

肩难产(shoulder dystocia)

外倒转术(external cephalic version)

耻骨联合切开术(symphysiotomy)

臀位牵引术(breech extraction)

内外倒转术(pedalic version)

毁胎术(embryotomy)

穿颅术(craniotomy)

断头术(decapitation)

去内脏术(evisceration)

锁骨切断术(cleidotomy)

染色体结构异常(structure anormality of chromosome)

优生学(eugenics)

畸形学(dysmorphology)

染色体畸变(chromosomal aberration)

染色体数目异常(aneuploid)

遗传性代谢病(inborn errors of metabolism)

21三体综合征(trisomy 21 syndrome;Down syndrome)

13三体综合征(trisomy 13 syndrome;Balau syndrome)

18三体综合征(trisomy 18 syndrome;Edward syndrome)

产前诊断(prenatal diagnosis)

苯丙酮尿症(phenylketonuria,PKU)

溶酶体贮积症(lysosomal storagic discasc,LSD)

风险胎儿(fetus at risk)

再现风险(recurrence risk)

二级亲属(second degree relatives)

绒毛膜绒毛活检或绒毛吸取术(chorionic villus sampling or chorionic villus aspiration sampling)

胎儿镜检查(fetoscopic examination)

羊水细胞(amniotic cell)

羊水细胞培养(amniotic cell culture)

一级亲属(first degree relatives)

杂合子检出(heterozygote detection)

遗传咨询(genetic counseling)

母亲年龄效应(maternal age effect)

父亲年龄效应(paternal age effect)

高危妊娠(high risk pregnancy)

遗传筛查(genetic screening)

新生儿筛查(newborn screening)

智力低下(mental retardation)

先天性疾病(congenital disorders)

遗传性疾病(genetic disorders inherited disease)

单基因病(monogenic disorders;Mendelian disorder;single-gene disorders)

多基因病(polygenic disorders)

多因子遗传病(disorders with multifactorial inheritance)

联合征(associated deformed syndrome)

出生缺陷(birth defect)

畸形(malformation)

序列征(sequence syndrome)

变形序列征(deformation sequence)

先天性风疹综合征(congenital rubella syndrome)

阻断症(disruption syndrome)

发育不良(dysplasia)

巴氏胎儿水肿综合征(HbBart hydrops fetalis syndrome)

胎儿酒精综合征(fetal alcohol syndrome)

胎儿反应停综合征(fetal thalidomide syndrome)

先天性巨细胞病毒感染(fetal CMV syndrome)

神经管缺陷(neural tube defects)

无脑儿(anencephaly)

脊柱裂(spina bifida)

颅缝早闭(craniosynostosis)

近亲婚配(consanguineous marriage;inbreeding)

胎儿氨基蝶呤效应(fetal amnioptersia effects)

妇女保健(women health care)

胎儿弓形体感染(fetal toxoplasma gondii infection)

死胎死产率(fetal and stillbirth rate)

三级保健网(three-tiered health network)

危险管理(risk approach)

妇女保健常用指标(common indexes used in women health)

孕产妇死亡率(maternal mortality rate,MMR)

围产儿死亡率(perinatal mortality rate,PNMR)

孕产妇围产儿死亡评审(evaluation of maternal and perinatal mortality)

新生儿死亡率(neonatal mortality rate,NMR)

婴儿死亡率(infant mortality rate,IMR)

产后出血率(postpartum hemorrhage rate)

产后访视率(postpartum home visit rate)

青春期功能发育(functional development during adolescence)

妇女保健信息管理(information management in women health)

妇女生殖健康(women reproductive health)

青春期(adolescence)

青春期形态发育(morphological development during adolescence)

第二性征发育(development of the secondary sexual characters)

青春期最大生长速度(peak height velocity during adolescence)

青春期骨矿含量(bone mineral content of adolescents)

青春期生殖器官发育(development of reproductive organs during adolescence)

青春期常见的心理问题(common adolescent mental disorders)

乳房保健(health care of breast)

月经期卫生保健(health care during menstrual period)

青春期心理特点(psychological characters during adolescence)

少女妊娠(adolescent pregnancy)

青春期抑郁(adolescent depression)

青春期性意识(adolescent sexual consciousness)

青春期手淫现象(masterbation during adolescence)

青春期意外伤害(adolescent accidental injuries)

性早熟(precocious puberty)

性成熟迟缓(delayed sexual consciousness)

青春期性道德(sexual ethics during adoleseence)

营养不良与肥胖(malnutrition and obesity)

脊柱侧弯(scoliosis)

优生咨询(counselling for improving birth quality)

青春期健康教育(health education for adolescents)

婚姻保健(marital health care)

围产保健(perinatal health care)

节育期保健(health care during contraceptive period)

宫内TORCH感染(intrauterine TORCH infection)

孕前保健(prepregnancy health care)

早孕期保健(health care during early pregnancy)

形态发生异常的类型(types of problems in morphogenesis)

先天畸形(congenital malformation)

先天变形(congenital deformation)

先天阻断症(congenital disruption)

晚孕期保健(antenatal care at late pregnancy)

胎儿酒精中毒综合征(fetal alcohol syndrome)

中孕期保健(antenatal care at mid pregnancy)

新生儿保健(health care of the newborn)

孕产期心理障碍(psychological disorders during perinatal period)

产时保健(health care during delivery)

产后保健(puerperal health care)

绝经(menopause)

新生儿(代谢病)筛查(neonatal screening for error of matabolism)

更年期(climacteric)

更年期生理卫生(physiological health during climacteric)

更年期心理卫生(mental health during climacteric)

更年期心理障碍(mental disorders in climacteric)

更年期营养(climacteric nutrition)

更年期生殖道感染(reproductive tract infection in climacteric)

更年期骨质疏松(osteoporosis in climacteric)

更年期性行为(sexual behavior in climacteric)

更年期心血管病(climacteric cardiovascular disease)

更年期泌尿系感染(climacteric urinary tract infection)

职业生殖流行病学(occupational reproductive epiderniology)

妇科常见病普查普治(screening and treatment of common gynecological disorders)

妇女劳动保健(labor health care for working women)

生殖损伤(reproductive impairment)

生殖毒性(reproductive toxicity)

生殖毒理学(reproductive toxicology)

经胎盘致癌(transplacental carcinogenesis)

哺乳期劳动保健(labor health care during lactation)

母源性小儿铅中毒(lead poisoning in children of maternal origin)

月经期劳动保健(labor health care during menstruation)

孕前期劳动保健(prepregnancy labor health care)

孕期劳动保健(labor health care during pregnancy)

产前产后劳动保健(antinatal and postpartum labor health care)

原生环境(primitive environment)

妇女劳动保护(labor protection for working women)

女职工劳动禁忌(work prohibited for working women)

职业危害(occupational hazards)

环境(environment)

先天性氟中毒(congenital fluorine poisoning)

次生环境(secondary environment)

环境致畸原(environmental teratogens)

环境致畸敏感期(environmental teratogenic sensitivity)

发育毒性(developmental toxicity)

碘缺乏病(iodine deficiency disorders,IDD)

环境优生咨询(environmental consulting for improvement of birth quality)

先天性水俣病(congenital methyl mercury disease)

儿童铅中毒(lead poisoning in children)

宫内照射(intrauterine irradiation)

简介

出生缺陷与监测

人类体细胞的染色体(human somatic chromosomes)

出生缺陷(birth defects)

出生缺陷的病因(etiology of birth defects)

常染色体隐性遗传(autosomal recessive inheritance)

基因与遗传(gene and inheritance)

基因突变(gene mutation)

单基因遗传(monogenic inheritance)

常染色体显性遗传(autosomal dominant inheritance)

先天脑积水(congenital hydrocephalus)

X连锁(性连锁)遗传(X-linked inheritance)

多基因遗传(polygenic inheritance)

染色体病(chromosome disease)

无脑畸形(anencephalus)

脑性瘫痪(cerebral palsies)

颅裂(cranium bifida)

小头畸形(microcephalus)

水脑畸形(hydroencephaly)

脑穿通畸形(poroencephaly)

脊柱裂(spina bifida)

结节性脑硬化(cerebral tuberous sclerosis)

房间隔缺损(atrial septal defect)

神经纤维瘤病(neurofibromatosis)

婴儿脊髓性进行性肌萎缩(infantile spinal muscular atrophy)

动脉导管未闭(patent ductus arteriosus)

肺动脉狭窄(pulmonary arterial stenosis)

主动脉缩窄(coarctation of aorta)

室间隔缺损(ventricular septal defect)

法乐四联症(tetralogy of Fallot)

主-肺动脉间隔缺损(aorticopulmonary septal defect)

主动脉瓣狭窄(valvar aortic stenosis)

右位心(dextrocardia)

主动脉弓中断(interrupted aortic arch)

三房心(cor triatriatum)

三尖瓣闭锁(tricuspid atresia)

完全性大动脉转位(complete transposition of great arteries)

先天性食管闭锁(congenital oesophageal atresia)

单心室(univentricular heart)

二尖瓣闭锁(mitral atresia)

唇裂(cleft lip)

腭裂(cleft palate)

环状胰腺(annular pancreas)

短食管(short esophagus)

先天性食管扩张(congeniatl esophageal dilatation)

先天肥厚性幽门狭窄(congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis)

先天性胆管闭锁(congenital atresia of the bile duct)

先天性胆总管囊肿(congenital choledochus cyst)

异位胰腺(aberrant pancreas)

异位肾(ectopic kidney)

小肠闭锁及狭窄(atresia and stenosis of small intestine)

美克耳憩室(Meckel diverticulum)

先天性巨结肠(congenital megacolon)

直肠及肛门闭锁(atresia of rectum and anal canal)

先天性肾囊肿病(congenital cystic kidney disease)

输尿管囊肿(cyst of ureter)

蹄铁形肾(horseshoe kidney)

单肾(solitary kidney)

先天性肾病综合征(congenital nephrotic syndrome)

肾母细胞瘤(nephroblastoma;Wilms tumor)

重肾和双输尿管(double kidney and reduplication of ureter)

异位输尿管口(ectopic ureteral orifice)

卵巢发育异常(developmental anomalies of ovaries)

膀胱外翻(exstrophy of urinary bladder)

隐睾(cryptorchidism)

睾丸的其他畸形(other anomalies of testicle)

尿道下裂及尿道上裂(hypospadias and epispadias)

后尿道瓣膜(post-urethral valve)

鞘膜积液(hydrocele of tunica vaginalis)

女性外生殖器其他畸形(other anomalies of external female genitalia)

输卵管发育异常(developmental anomalies of fallopian tube)

子宫发育异常(developmental anomalies of uterus)

阴道发育异常(developmental anomalies of vasina)

处女膜闭锁(imperforate hymen)

先天性髋关节脱位(congenital dislocation of hip)

真两性畸形(true hermaphroditism)

女性假两性畸形(female pseudohermaphroditism)

男性假两性畸形(male pseudohermaphroditism)

多指(趾)(polydactyly)

并指(趾)(syndactyly)

先天性青光眼(congenital glaucoma)

马蹄内翻足(eguinovarus)

先天性成骨不全(osteogenesis imperfecta)

软骨发育不全(achondroplasia)

进行性肌营养不良(progressive muscular dystrophis)

先天性关节挛缩症(congenital arthrogryposis)

先天性上睑下垂(congenital ptosis)

先天性白内障(congenital cataract)

鼻先天畸形(congenital anomalies of nose)

先天性无虹膜(congenital aniridia)

先天性角膜混浊(corneal opacity)

虹膜缺损(coloboma of iris)

先天性眼球震颤(congenital nystagmus)

眼的其他先天畸形(other congenital anomalies of eye)

先天性聋哑症(congenital deaf-mutism)

先天性耳前瘘管(congenital preauricular fistula)

耳的其他畸形(other anomalies of ear)

漏斗胸(funnel chest)

小颌畸形(micrognathia)

斜颈(wryneck;torticollis)

甲状腺舌管囊肿及瘘(thyroglossal cyst and fishula)

胸腺咽管囊肿及瘘(thymopharyngeal cystand fistula)

先天性颈部囊状淋巴管瘤(congenital cystic lymphangioma of neck)

先天肩胛高位症(congenital high scapula)

颈肋(cervical rib)

腹裂畸形(gastroschisis)

胸骨裂(schistosternia)

多乳房症(multimammae)

脐膨出(omphalocele)

脐尿管闭合不全(patent umbilical urachal duct)

卵黄管残留症(persistent vitelline duct)

先天性肾上腺皮质增生症(congenital adrenocorticohyperplasia,CAH)

先天性膈疝(congenital diaphragmatic hernia)

先天脐疝(congenital umbilical hernia)

先天腹股沟疝(congenital inguinal hernia)

骶尾部畸胎瘤(sacrococcygeal teratoma)

垂体性侏儒症(pituitary dwarfism)

甲状旁腺功能亢进症(hyperarathyroidism)

肾上腺皮质功能不全症(adrenocortical insufficiency)

先天性甲状腺肿(congenital thyromegaly)

先天性甲状腺功能亢进症(congenital hyperthyroidism)

甲状旁腺功能减低症(hyperarathyroidism)

糖原贮积病(glycogen storage disease,GSD)

地方性克汀病(endemic cretinism)

散发性克汀病(sporadic cretinism)

先天性代谢病(congenital metabolism disease)

溶酶体贮积病(lysosomal storage disease)

黑酸尿症(alcaptonuria)

黏多糖病(mucopolysaccharidosis)

半乳糖血症(galactosemia)

枫糖尿症(maple syrup urine disease,MSUD)

高雪病(Gaucher disease)

尼曼-匹克病(Niemann-Pick disease)

柯萨奇病毒感染(Coxsachic virus infection)

白化病(albinism)

苯丙酮尿症(phenylketouria,PKU)

先天性风疹综合征(congenital rubella syndrome,CRS)

巨细胞病毒感染(cytomegalovirus infection)

单纯疱疹病毒感染(herpes simplex virus infection)

21三体综合征(21-trisomy syndrome;Down syndrome)

先天弓形体病(congenital toxoplasmosis)

病毒性肝炎与出生缺陷(viral hepatitis and birth defects)

先天梅毒(congenital syphilis)

新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the newborn)

18三体综合征(18-trisomy syndrome;Edwards syndrome)

13三体综合征(13-trisomy syndrome)

特纳综合征(Turner syndrome)

马凡综合征(Marfan syndrome,MS)

先天性白血病(congenital leukemia)

发育毒性(developmental toxicity)

先天性血管瘤(congenital hemangioma)

胎儿鱼鳞病(fetus ichthyosis)

先天肺囊肿(congenital cystic lung)

联体双胎畸形(conjoined twins)

胎儿酒精中毒综合征(fetus alcoholism syndrome,FAS)

药物与致畸(drugs and teratogenesis)

对胎儿有不良影响的药物(drugs harmful to fetal development)

反应停与短肢畸形(thalidomide and phocomelia)

吸烟对胎儿的危害(smoking risks to fetus)

birth defects)

铅对胚胎和胎儿发育的危害(lead risks to embryo and fetal development)

先天性甲基汞中毒(水俣病)(congenital methyl-hydrargyrosis)

二硫化碳的致畸作用(teratogenesis of carbon disulphide)

核辐射与出生缺陷(nuclear radiation and birth defects)

医源性放射线与出生缺陷(medical radiation and

孕期指导(pregnancy direction)

出生缺陷的预防原则(principles of birth defects prevention)

婚前咨询(婚前检查)(premarital counselling premarital examination)

妊娠咨询(pregnancy counselling)

出生缺陷监测资料的收集(data collection of birth defects monitoring)

产前诊断(prenatal diagnosis)

产前诊断的指证(indications of prenatal diagnosis)

产前诊断方法(methods of prenatal diagnosis)

出生缺陷监测的目的和任务(objective and task of birth defects monitoring)

中国出生缺陷监测系统(Chinese birth defects monitoring system,CBDMS)

出生缺陷的被动监测(passive monitoring of birth defects)

出生缺陷的主动监测(active monitoring of birth defects)

资料分析的基本内容(fundamental content of data analysis)

出生缺陷资料的反馈和交流(feedback and dissemination of tirth defects monitoring data)

国际出生缺陷监测系统(international clearinghouse for birth defects monitoring system,ICBDMS)

简介

计划生育

GnRH受体(GnRH receptor)

性腺轴系(gonadal axis)

下丘脑促性腺区(hypothalamic gonadotropin area)

促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin releasing hormone or luteinizing hormone releasing hormone,GnRH or LHRH)

卵圆(原)细胞(oogonicle)

FSH及其受体(FSH and its receptor)

LH及其受体(LH and its receptor)

性腺长路反馈机制(gonadal long-loop feedback mechanism)

卵巢(ovary)

排卵(ovulation)

原始卵泡(又称始基卵泡)(primordial follicle)

成熟卵泡(mature follicle)

闭锁卵泡(atretic follicle)

卵泡发育(follicular development)

卵泡成熟(follicle maturity)

Leydig细胞(Leydig cell)

卵子运输(transportation of ovum)

睾丸(testis)

支持细胞(sertoli cell)

生殖细胞(germ cell)

睾丸的分化(differentiation of testis)

管周细胞(peritubular cell)

睾丸细胞的相互作用(testicular cell-cell interaction)

精子形成(精子变态)(spermiogenesis)

精子发生(spermatogenesis)

睾丸的内分泌功能(endocrine function of testis)

生殖干细胞的更新与增殖(renew and proliferation of germ stem cell)

精母细胞的成熟分裂(减数分裂)(meiosis of germ cell)

精子排放(spermiation)

顶体形成(acrosome formation)

核蛋白转型(nucleoprotein transformation)

鞭毛形成(flagellat formation)

性腺轴系内分泌功能评估(evaluation of endocrine function of gonadal axis)

生精上皮的周期(cycle of the seminiferous epithelium)

精子发生的内分泌调节(endocrine regulation of spermatogenesis)

精子发生的局部调节(local regulation of spermatogenesis)

生殖细胞程序凋亡(apoptosis of germ cell)

HCG刺激试验(HCG stimulating test)

克罗米酚试验(clomiphene test)

GnRH刺激试验(GnRH stimulating test)

附睾细胞特异性(cell-specificity of epididymis)

附睾(epididymis)

附睾区段的特异性(region-specificity of epididymis)

精子的保护(sperm protection)

附睾功能(epididymal function)

精子的储存(sperm storage)

精子的成熟(sperm maturation)

精浆(seminal plasm)

附睾功能的调节(regulation of epididymal function)

输精管(vas deferens)

射精管(ejaculatory duct)

精子(spermatozoon sperm)

精子运动及其速度(sperm movement and its velocity)

精液(semen)

精液分析(seminal analysis)

精液脱落细胞(exfoliated cells in semen)

电子计算机辅助精子分析系统(computer aided sperm analysis,CASA)

正常精子形态(normospermia)

精子计数(sperm count)

精子活率(sperm vitality)

精子活力(sperm mobility)

精子形态(sperm morphology)

精子—宫颈黏液接触试验(sperm-cervical mucus contact test,SCMC)

无精子症(azoospermia)

弱精子症(asthenozoospermia)

死精子症(necrospermia)

畸形精子症(teratozoospermia)

少、弱、畸精子症(oligoasthenoteratozoospermia)

精子功能评估(evaluation of sperm function)

毛细管试验(capillary tube test)

性交后试验(post coital test,PCT)

简化玻片试验(simplified slide test)

精子低渗膨胀试验(hypo-osmotic swelling test for sperm,HOS)

去透明带仓鼠卵试验(zona-free hamster oocyte test,SPA)

精子获能与去能(sperm capacitation and decapacition)

顶体反应(acrosome reaction)

人透明带结合试验(human sperm-zona pellucida binding test)

受精(fertilization)

精卵结合(sperm-oocyte binding)

金属单环、金塑环、节育花、麻花环、蛇形环(stainless steel ring,steel-plastic ring,carton-flower,mahua ring,lippes loop)

着床(implantation)

避孕(contraception)

节育(birth control)

绝育(sterilization)

宫内节育器(intrauterine device,IUD)

惰性宫内节育器(inert IUD)

Y型宫内节育器,宫型含铜含药IUD,含药含铜高支撑力圆环(活性165)(Y IUD,uterine shaped indomethacin and copper IUD,indomethacin releasing high forced stainless steel ring)

活性宫内节育器(medicated IUD)

带铜宫型宫内节育器,TCu220C,TCu380A,母体乐Cu375(uterine shaped copper IUD,TCu220C,TCu380A,multiload Cu 375)

VCu200,吉妮宫内节育器(VCu200,Gynefix IUD)

宫内节育器嵌顿(incarceration of IUD)

宫内节育器异位(displacement of IUD,ectopia of IUD)

宫内节育器完全脱落(complete expulsion of IUD)

宫内节育器部分脱落(partial expulsion of IUD)

带器妊娠(pregnancy with IUD in situ)

甾体避孕药(steroid contraceptives)

宫内节育器穿孔(perforation of uterus by IUD)

因症取器(removal for medical reasons)

月经过多(menorrhagia)

溶黄体(luteolysis)

抗排卵(anti-ovulation)

排卵抑制(inhibition of ovulation)

排卵延迟(delayed ovulation)

抗着床和抗早孕(anti-implantation and anti-early pregnancy)

黄体形成(luteinization)

人工流产不全(incomplete abortion)

紧急避孕(emergency contraception)

羊膜腔外注射(extra-amniotic injection)

小剖宫术(mini-cesarean section)

子宫穿孔(uterine perforation)

免疫避孕(immunocontraception)

宫颈粘连(cervical adhesion)

宫腔粘连(intrauterine adhesion)

人工流产综合征(induced abortion syndrome)

羊水栓塞(amniotic fluid embolism)

气体栓塞(gas embolism)

甾体激素缓释避孕系统(steroid hormonal delivery contraceptive system)

抗精子抗体(anti-sperm antibody)

抗绒毛膜促性腺激素(anti-human chorionic gonadotropin)

抗卵透明带(anti-ovum zona pellucida)

炔诺酮庚酸酯避孕针(norethisterone enanthate injectable,NET-EN)

单根皮下埋植剂(uniplant)

皮下埋植避孕剂(implantable contraceptive;implants)

诺普兰皮下埋植剂(Norplant implants)

诺普兰皮下埋植剂Ⅱ型(Norplant Ⅱ implants)

左炔诺酮硅胶棒(levonorgestrel silastic capsule)

甲基炔诺酮埋植剂(sino-implant)

释放孕激素宫内节育器(progesterone releasing IUD)

Capronor

避孕微囊、微球(contraceptive microcapsule/microsphere)

阴道避孕环(contraceptive vaginal ring,CVR)

甲地孕酮硅橡胶阴道避孕环(甲硅环)(megestrol acetate contraceptive vaginal ring)

左炔诺孕酮阴道环(levonorgestrel releasing vaginal ring)

孕酮阴道环(progesterone releasing vaginal ring)

阴道隔膜(diaphragm)

释放左炔诺孕酮20μg的宫内节育器(levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine contraceptive device)

宫颈内节育器(intracervical device)

透皮避孕贴剂(transdermal contraceptive patch)

屏障避孕法(barrier contraceptive methods)

女用避孕套(female condom)

壬苯醇醚外用避孕药膏或凝胶(nonoxynol 9 contraceptive cream or gel)

宫颈帽(cervical cap)

瓣膜式宫颈帽(valvular cervical cap)

阴道避孕海绵(vaginal contraceptive sponge)

外用杀精剂(spermicides)

基础体温测量法(basal body temperature method,BBT)

“乐安醚”外用避孕片(“Le An Mi” vaginalcontraceptive tablet)

壬苯醇醚避孕栓(nonoxynol 9 vaginal suppository)

顶体酶抑制剂(inhibitors of acrosin)

自然避孕法(natural family planning,NFP)

安全期避孕(rhythm method)

周期性禁欲(periodic abstinence)

日历避孕法(calendar method)

输卵管绝育术(tubal sterilization)

宫颈黏液法(cervical mucus method)

比林斯法(Billings method)

易受孕期(fertile phase)

不易孕期(infertile phase)

哺乳闭经避孕法(lactational amenorrhea method,LAM)

经宫颈输卵管堵塞绝育术(transcervical tubal occlusion)

腹式输卵管结扎术(abdominal tubal ligation)

腹式小切口绝育术(sterilization by minilaparotomy)

经阴道输卵管结扎术(transvaginal tubal sterilization)

腹腔镜绝育术(laparoscopic sterilization)

输卵管宫角植入术(tubo-corneal implatation)

输卵管银夹(金属夹)绝育术(sterilization with silver(metal)clips)

输卵管抽芯近端包埋法(modified Uchida operation)

输卵管双扎切除法(Pomeroy operation)

输卵管复通术(recanalization of salpinx)

输卵管显微复通术(microsurgical oviduct anastomosis)

输卵管造口术(salpingostomy)

输卵管吻合术(tubal anastomosis)

月经调节(menstrual regulation)

盆腔静脉淤血综合征(pelvic congestion syndrome)

大网膜粘连综合征(omental adhesion syndrome)

终止妊娠(termination of pregnancy,TOP)

早孕(early pregnancy;first trimester pregnancy)

早孕早期(early stage of early pregnancy)

早孕晚期(later stage of first trimester pregnancy)

中期妊娠(second trimester pregnancy)

人工流产(induced abortion)

负压吸引术(vacuum sapiration;suction curettage)

米索前列醇(misoprostol)

月经诱导(menstrual induction)

钳刮术(evacuation and curettage)

宫颈扩张(cervical dilation)

宫颈扩张棒(cervical dilation rod)

药物流产(medical abortion)

抗孕激素(antiprogestogen)

米非司酮(mifepristone,RU4 86)

卡孕栓(15甲基PGF2α甲酯)(carboprost methyl suppository;methyl ester of dl-15-methyl-PGF2;PG05 suppository)

芫花酯甲(yuanhuacine)

磺前列酮(sulprostone)

吉美前列腺素(gemeprost)

丙酸睾酮(testosterone propionate)

天花粉蛋白(trichosanthin)

突破性出血(breakthrouth bleeding,BTB)

中期妊娠终止(termination of second trimester pregnancy)

水囊引产(induced abortion by water bag)

利凡诺(依沙吖啶)引产(induced abortion by rivanol)

羊膜腔内注射(intraamniotic injection)

温热避孕(contraception by heat)

撤退性出血(withdrawal bleeding)

体外排精(coitus interruptus or withdrawal)

会阴尿道压迫避孕(contraception by pressing perineum)

微波避孕(microwave contraception)

超声避孕(ultrasound contraception)

直视钳穿法输精管结扎术(no scalpel vasectomy)

激光避孕(laser contraception)

阴茎套(condom)

男性绝育(male sterlization)

输精管结扎术(vasoligation)

输精管粘堵术(chemical vas occlusion)

钳穿法输精管结扎术(clamp pierced vasectomy)

注射针头固定法输精管结扎术(syringe needle fixed vasectomy)

穿针引线法输精管结扎术(percutaneous vasoligation by sewing machine needle)

针挑法输精管结扎术(syringe needle vasectomy)

栓堵剂(vas occluding material)

粘堵剂(adhesive blocking agent)

输精管穿刺术(vasal puncture)

输精管内装置(intra-vas device,IVD)

输精管夹绝育术(vasal clip)

输精管电凝绝育(vasal electric coagulation)

输精管栓堵术(vas occlusion)

输精管精液囊肿(vasal semen cyst)

附睾内注药术(epididymal agents injection)

精囊灌注(seminal vesicle infusion)

男性绝育术后并发症(complication of male sterilization)

痛性结节(painful nodule)

附睾淤积(epididymal stasis)

附睾淤积症(epididymal stasis disease)

炔诺酮(norethisterone)

精子肉芽肿(sperm granuloma)

输精管自然再通(spontaneous recanalization of vas deferens)

输精管吻合术(vasovasotomy)

显微输精管吻合术(microvasovasotomy)

显微输精管附睾吻合术(microvasoepididymostomy)

双炔失碳酯(anorethindrane dipropionate;anordrine)

炔诺孕酮(甲基炔诺酮)(norgestrel)

左炔诺酮(levonorgestrel)

去氧孕烯酮(地索高诺酮)(desogestrel)

醋酸甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate)

醋炔酮肟(norethisterone oxime acetate)

醋炔醚(quingestanol acetate)

短效复方口服避孕药(short term contraceptives)

诺孕烯酮(三烯高诺酮)(norgestrienone)

醋酸氯地孕酮(chlormadinone acetate)

次甲氯地孕酮(chlosuperlutine acetate)

己酸羟孕酮(长效黄体酮)(hydroxyprogesterone caproate)

庚炔诺酮(norethisterone oenanthate,NET-EN)

壬苯醇醚(nonoxylol-9)

口服避孕药(oral contraceptives,OC)

复方口服避孕药(combined oral contraceptives,COC)

长效口服避孕药(long acting oral contraceptives)

单相型和多相型口服避孕药(monophasic and multiphasic contraceptives)

口服避孕药1号(复方炔诺酮片)(norethindrone compound tablet)

口服避孕药2号(复方甲地孕酮片)(megestrol acetate compound tablet)

口服避孕药0号(norethindrone and megestrol acetate compound tablet)

复方左炔诺孕酮避孕片(levonorgestrel compound tablet)

复方左炔诺孕酮避孕滴丸(levonorgestrel compound pill)

妈富隆(marvelon)

复方左炔诺孕酮三相避孕片(triphasic levonorgestrel compound tablet)

单纯孕激素避孕药(progestin-only pill,POP)

复方甲地孕酮注射液(megestrol and estradiol injection)

口服探亲避孕药(vacation oral contraceptive pills)

53号探亲抗孕片(双炔失碳酯)(vacation pill No.53;anorethidrane dipropionate tablet;anordrine)

天津探亲片(炔诺酮)(vacation pill;norethindrone tablet)

左炔诺孕酮片(速效探亲片)(levonorgestrel rapid oral contraceptive talet)

探亲避孕片1号(甲地孕酮)(vacation pill tablet)

注射避孕针(injectable contraceptives)

复方己酸孕酮注射液(一号避孕针)(hydroxyprogesterone caprate composition injection)

GnRH拮抗剂(GnRH antagonist)

复方庚炔诺酮注射液(norethisterone enanthate compound injection,NET-EN)

醋酸甲孕酮长效避孕针(狄波普维拉)(depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate(PMPA)injection;depo-provera)

雄激素单元男用避孕法(androgen-alone for the male contraception)

雄孕激素复方男用避孕法(androgen-progestogen combined contraception for the male)

GnRH类似物(GnRH analogues)

棉酚(gossypol)

抑制素(inhibin)

抗FSH疫苗(anti-FSH vaccine)

抗LHRH疫苗(anti-LHRH vaccine)

氯化脱氧葡萄糖(6-chloro-6-deoxyglucose)

雷公藤(tripterygium wilfordie)

抗肿瘤药物(anti-cancer drug)

磺胺药(sulphanilamide)

抗精子成熟药(antisperm maturation drug)

氯化甘油(chlorohydrine)

生殖流行病学(reproductive epidemiology)

生殖健康(reproductive health)

生殖保健(reproductive health care)

性健康(sexual health)

性保健(sexual health care)

出生缺陷监测(surveillance of birth defects)

生殖健康流行病学(reproductive health epidemiology)

生殖生命阶段(reproductive life span)

出生缺陷(birth defects)

Pearl指数(Pearl index)

避孕现用率(contraceptive prevalence rate,CPR)

节育措施构成比(proportion of contraceptive use)

妇女月(women-month)

妇女年(women-year)

终身生育率(lifetime fertility rate)

普通生育率(general fertility rate,GFR)

年龄别生育率(age-specific fertility rate,ASFR)

总和生育率(total fertility rate,TFR)

避孕效果(effectiveness of contraceptive)

绝育率(prevalence rate of sterilization)

人工流产率(induced abortion rate)

年龄别人工流产率(age-specific induced abortion rate)

总和人工流产率(total induced abortion rate)

Keyfitz模型(Keyfitz model)

避孕效率(efficiency of contraceptive)

夫妻保护年(couple-years of protection,CYP)

粗夫妻保护年(crude couple-years of protection,CCYP)

标准化夫妻保护年(standard couple-years of protection,SCYP)

节育手术失败率(failure rate of contraceptive operation)

已婚育龄妇女(married woman of child-bearing age)

节育手术副反应发生率(side-effect rate of contraceptive operation)

节育手术并发症发生率(complication rate of contraceptive operation)

避免出生数(averted birth)

生育分析(fertility analysis)

育龄妇女(woman of child-bearing age)

婴儿死亡率(infant mortality rate,IMR)

粗出生率(crude birth rate,CBR)

自然增长率(natural increase rate,NIR)

再生育率(reproductive rate)

平均世代年数(mean of generation length,MGL)

人工流产活产比(ratio of induced abortion and live birth)

绝育复通率(rethrough rate of sterilization)

新生儿死亡率(neonatal mortality rate)

孕产妇死亡率(maternal mortality rate,MMR)

围产期(perinatal period)

已婚有生育能力的妇女(fecund married woman)

新法接生率(clear delivery(aseptic delivery)rate)

粗死亡率(crude death rate,CDR)

计划出生率(planned birth rate)

节育手术死亡率(mortality rate of contraceptive operation)

孕期受检率(examination rate in pregnancy period)

平均产前检查次数(average of prenatal examination)

出生缺陷率(incidence rate of birth defects)

母乳喂养率(breastfeeding rate)

简介

小儿外科学

胎儿外科(fetal surgery)

小儿外科(pediatric surgery)

小儿静脉高营养(pediatric intravenous hyperalimentation)

新生儿外科(neonatal surgery)

先天性畸形(congenital malformation)

手术前后的处理(pre-postoperative treatment)

小儿外科病儿液体总量(total body water of pediatric surgical patient)

小儿要素饮食(pediatric elemental diet)

小儿外科液体疗法(fluid therapy in pediatric surgery)

小儿麻醉(pediatric anesthesia)

小儿外科病儿脱水(dehydration of pediatric surgical patient)

小儿外科病儿酸中毒(acidosis in pediatric surgical patient)

小儿外科休克(pediatric surgical shock)

小儿外科临床监测(pediatric surgical clinical

monitoring)

走马疳(noma)

痱疖(furuncle)

蜂窝组织炎(cellulitis)

急性淋巴管炎(acute lymphangitis)

急性淋巴结炎(acute lymphadenitis)

丹毒(erysipelas)

新生儿皮下坏疽(neonatal subcutaneous gangrene)

血管瘤(hemangioma)

破伤风(tetanus)

产伤(birth injury)

Erb(攸孛)瘫痪(Erb paralysis)

Klumpke(克伦布基)瘫痪(Klumpke paralysis)

小儿肿瘤(pediatric tumor)

畸胎瘤(teratoma)

毛细血管瘤(capillary hemangioma)

橙红斑与葡萄酒斑(salmon-colored patch and port-wine stain)

海绵状血管瘤(cavemous hemangioma)

先天性动静脉瘘(congenital arteriovenous fistula)

Kasabach-Merritt综合征(Kasabach-Merritt=syndrome)

淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma)

联体儿(conjoined twins)

腹膜后畸胎瘤(retroperitoneal teratoma)

骶尾部畸胎瘤(sacrococcygeal teratoma)

纵隔畸胎瘤(mediastinal teratoma)

先天性皮肤缺如(congenital skin absence)

寄生胎(teratoid parasite)

返祖畸形(atavistic malformation)

先天性淋巴水肿(congenital lymphoedema)

Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber综合征(Klippel Trenaunay-Weber syndrome)

Beckwith-Wiedemann综合征(Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome)

Pierre-Robin综合征(Pierre-Robin syndrome)

Williams-Pollock综合征(Williams-Pollock syndrome)

Say综合征(Say syndrome)

VATER综合征(VATER combinative syndrome)

Holt-Orun综合征(Holt-Orun syndrome)

Silver综合征(Silver syndrome)

并腿畸形(sirenomelia)

Potter综合征(Potter syndrome)

颅裂(cranioschisis)

偏体肥大症(hemihypertrophy)

Laurence-Moon-Biedl综合征(Laurence-Moon Biedl syndrome)

小头畸形(microcephaly)

颅狭窄畸形(craniostenosis)

扁平颅底(platybasia)

先天性颅骨缺损(congenital skull absence)

颅骨膜静脉窦(pericranial venous sinus)

脊柱裂(bifid spine)

潜毛窦(pilonidal sinus)

脊髓裂和双干脊髓(myeloschisis and diplomyelia)

脊髓缺失(amyelia)

脊髓积水(hydromyelia)

小脑扁桃体下疝畸形(Arnold-Chiari malformation)

导静脉异常扩张(persistent large emissary vein)

颅内血管畸形(intracranial vascular malformation)

无脑畸形(anencephaly)

Dandy-Walker畸形(Dandy-Walker malformation)

脑发育不全性脑积水(hydranencephaly)

颞叶发育不全综合征(temporal lobe agenesis syndrome)

颅骨凹陷骨折(depressed fracture of skull)

脑积水(hydrocephalus)

静止性脑积水(arrested hydrocephalus)

颅骨骨折(skull fracture)

颅骨线形骨折(lineal fracture of skull)

颅骨分离骨折(diastatic fracture of skull)

脑干损伤(brain stem injury)

颅骨开放性骨折(open fracture of skull)

颅底骨骨折(basal skull fracture)

脑损伤(brain injury)

脑震荡(brain concussion)

脑挫裂伤(brain contusion and laceration)

蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage)

新生儿颅内出血(intracranial hemorrhage of newborn)

小儿硬膜外血肿(extradural hematoma in children)

急性硬脑膜下血肿(acute subdural hematoma)

慢性硬脑膜下血肿(chronic subdural hematoma)

小脑桥脑角肿瘤(cerebellopontine angel tumor)

脑内血肿(intracerebral hematoma)

脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury)

小儿颅后窝肿瘤(posterior fossa tumor in children)

小脑中线部位肿瘤(midline cerebellar tumor)

小脑半球肿瘤(cerebellar hemisphere tumor)

脉络丛乳头状腺癌(papillary adenocarcinoma of choroid plexus)

脑干肿瘤(brain stem tumor)

大脑半球肿瘤(cerebral hemisphere tumor)

颅咽管瘤(craniopharyngioma)

脉络丛乳头状瘤(choroid plexus papilloma)

颅骨骨髓炎(skull osteomyelitis)

脉络丛脑膜瘤(choroid plexus meningioma)

颅内脑膜瘤(intracranial meningioma)

第三脑室后部肿瘤(the third ventricle posterior portion tumor)

椎管内肿瘤(intraspinal tumor)

脑寄生虫病(brain parasite disease)

新生儿颅骨骨髓炎(neonatal skull osteomyelitis)

硬脑膜下积液(subdural collection of fluid)

硬脑膜外脓肿(epidural abscess)

脑脓肿(brain abscess)

脑室造影(ventriculography)

脑结核瘤(brain tuberculoma)

小脑延髓池穿刺术(cistemal puncture)

前囟穿刺术(anterior fontanelle puncture;bregmatic fonticulus puncture)

气脑造影(pneumoencephalography)

颈腮源性囊肿和瘘(cervical branchial cyst and fistula)

脑血管造影术(cerebral angiography)

小儿脑电图(electroencephalography for children)

耳前窦道(preauricular sinus)

甲状腺舌囊肿和瘘(thyroglossal cyst and fistula)

先天性唇窦(congenital lip sinus)

唇裂(cleft lip)

腭裂(cleft palate)

唇裂修补术(repair of cleft lip)

腭裂修复术(repair of cleft palate)

面裂(facial cleft)

化脓性腮腺炎(pyogenic parotitis)

巨舌症(macroglossia)

结舌(ankyloglossia)

耳赘(aural neoplasma;otoncus)

招风耳(windear;satyr ear)

小耳、外耳道缺失或无耳畸形(microauris extraauricular deletion;auris aplasia deformity)

小颌畸形(micrognathia)

新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎(neonatal maxillary osteomyelitis)

非典型分支杆菌性淋巴结炎(chronic atypical mycobacterium lymphadenitis)

口底蜂窝织炎(mouth floor cellulitis)

化脓性颈淋巴结炎(suppurative cervical lymphadenitis)

颈淋巴结结核(cervical lymph node tuberculosis)

卡介苗反应性颈淋巴结炎(BCG reactive cervical lymphadenitis)

慢性颈淋巴结炎(chronic cervical lymphadenitis)

颈部囊状水瘤(cervical cystic hygroma)

猫抓病(cat-scratch disease)

霉菌性慢性淋巴结炎(chronic fungous lymphadenitis)

面颈部实质性肿瘤(facial and cervical parenchymatous tumor)

颈部假性动脉瘤(false aneurysm of neck)

先天性颈静脉扩张(congenital jugular phlebectasia)

面部血管瘤(facial hemangioma)

甲状腺腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)

甲状腺肿(goiter)

异位甲状腺(ectopic thyroid)

甲状腺癌(thyroid carcinoma)

急性化脓性甲状腺炎(acute suppurative thyroiditis)

亚急性病毒性甲状腺炎(subacute viral thyroiditis)

慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎(chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis)

慢性侵袭纤维性甲状腺炎(chronic fibrous thyroiditis)

男性青春期乳房肥大(male pubertal breast hypertrophy)

甲状腺功能亢进症(hyperthyroidism)

甲状旁腺功能亢进症(hyperparathyroidism)

小儿气管切开术(tracheotomy in children)

先天性乳头缺如(congenital athelism;congenital absence of nipple)

多乳头(polythelism)

乳头旁侧移位(lateral displacement of mipple)

新生儿乳腺肥大(neonatal breast hypertrophy)

青春期前乳腺肥大(prepubertal breast hypertrophy)

胸骨全裂(total sternal cleft)

少女乳腺过度增生(female virginal breast hypertrophy)

性早熟乳房肥大(breast hypertrophy in precocious puberty)

新生儿乳腺炎(neonatal mastitis)

乳腺纤维腺瘤(mastoadenofibroma)

乳腺管内乳头瘤(intraductal papilloma)

乳腺癌(mastocarcinoma)

先天性胸骨畸形(congenital deformity of sternum)

胸骨裂(sternal cleft)

胸骨上裂(upper sternal cleft)

胸骨下裂(distal sternal cleft)

肺挫伤(pulmonary contusion)

胸骨凹陷畸形(excavation deformity of sternum)

胸骨前凸畸形(anteprotrusion deformity of sternum)

先天性肋骨缺如(congenital rib absence)

多生肋(supranumeral rib)

胸壁肿瘤(thoracic tumor)

胸部损伤(thoracic injury)

肋骨骨折(rib fracture)

血气胸(hemopneumothorax)

后天性膈膨升(acquired diaphragmatic eventration)

气管或支气管破裂(tracheal or bronchial rupture)

膈疝(diaphragmatic hernia)

后外侧膈疝(posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia)

胸骨后疝(poststernal hernia)

食管裂孔疝(esophageal hiatus hernia)

创伤性膈疝(traumatic diaphragmatic hernia)

先天性膈膨升(congenital diaphragmatic eventration)

腐蚀性食管狭窄(escharotic esophageal stricture)

先天性食管闭锁及气管食管瘘(congenital esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula)

先天性食管狭窄(congenital esophageal stricture)

类似食管闭锁的食管狭窄(esophageal stricture similar to esophageal atresia)

食管腔瓣膜或管状狭窄(esophageal valve and ductus stricture)

食管壁的气管支气管残余组织形成食管狭窄(esophageal tracheobronchial remnant tissue formative stricture)

胃食管反流(gastroesophageal reflux)

先天性食管憩室(congenital esophageal diverticulum)

先天性咽食管憩室(congenital pharynoesophageal diverticulum)

食管憩室伴先天性食管畸形(esophageal diverticulum with congenital esophageal deformity)

真性先天性食管憩室(true congenital esophageal diverticulum)

食管异物(esophageal foreign body)

食管失弛缓(esophageal achalasia)

急性纵隔炎(acute mediastinitis)

反流性食管炎与食管狭窄(refluxive esophagilis and esophageal stricture)

呼吸道异物(respiratory tract foreign body)

喉部异物(laryngeal foreign body)

气管异物(tracheal foreign body)

支气管异物(bronchial foreign body)

纵隔感染(mediastinal infection)

心包囊肿(pericardial cyst)

纵隔淋巴结结核(mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis)

纵隔肿瘤(mediastinal tumor)

纵隔囊状淋巴管瘤(mediastinal cystic lymphangioma)

纵隔畸胎瘤(mediastinal teratoma)

纵隔皮样囊肿(mediastinal dermoid cyst)

纵隔淋巴肉瘤(mediastinal lymphosarcoma)

胸腺瘤(thymoma)

支气管源性囊肿(bronchogenic cyst)

肺叶缺如(absence of pulmonary lobar)

纵隔神经原性肿瘤(neurogenic tumor in mediastinum)

纵隔神经母细胞瘤(mediastinal neuroblastoma)

纵隔神经节细胞瘤(mediastinal gangliocytoma)

纵隔神经纤维瘤(mediastinal neurofibroma)

肠原性囊肿(enterogenous cyst)

肺发育不全(pulmonary agenesis)

双侧肺叶缺如(bilateral pulmonary agenesis)

单侧肺缺如(unilateral pulmonary agenesis)

肺发育不良(pulmonary hypopasia)

先天性囊性腺瘤样畸形(congenital cystic adenomatoid deformity)

先天性支气管胆管瘘(congenital bronchobiliary fistula)

支气管肺、前肠畸形(bronchopulmonary foregut malformation)

先天性肺叶气肿(congenital lober emphysema)

先天性肺囊性病(congenital pulmonary cystic disease)

肺内支气管源囊肿(intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst)

先天性肺囊肿(congenital lung cyst)

慢性脓胸(chronic empyema)

肺叶内隔离肺(肺分离)(intralobar pulmonary sequestration)

肺叶外隔离肺(extralobar pulmonary sequestration)

肺淋巴管扩张(pulmonary lymphangiectasis)

自发性乳糜胸(idiopathic chylothorax)

创伤性乳糜胸(traumatic chylothorax)

乳糜胸伴弥漫性淋巴管瘤病或淋巴管扩张(chylothorax with fiffuse lymphangiomatosis or lymphangiectasis)

脓胸(empyema)

急性脓胸(acute empyema)

支气管腺瘤(bronchial adenoma)

肺大泡(pneumatobleb)

小儿肺结核外科治疗的适应证(indication of surgical treatment in children with pulmonary tuberculosis)

小儿肺结核外科治疗的禁忌证(contraindication of surgical treatment in children with pulmonary tuberculosis)

支气管扩张(bronchiectasis)

肺肿瘤(lung tumor)

肺错构瘤(pulmonary hamartoma)

肺组织细胞瘤(pulmonary histiocytoma)

动脉导管未闭(patent ductus arteriosus)

支气管癌(bronchogenic carcinoma)

肺肉瘤(lung sarcoma)

肺转移癌(lung metastatic tumor)

心血管损伤(cardiovascular injury)

心血管异物(cardiovascular foreign body)

永存动脉总干(persistent arterial trunk)

主动脉缩窄(aortic coarctation)

环状血管(vascular ring)

特发性肺动脉扩张(idiopathic pulmonary artery dilatation)

先天性肺动、静脉瘘(congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistula)

主动脉肺动脉隔缺损(aortic-pulmonary septal defect)

左位心(levocardia)

完全性大血管错位(great arterial complete transposition)

纠正性大血管错位(great arterial corrected transposition)

主动脉弓离断(interrupted aortic arch)

右位心(dextrocardia)

先天性二尖瓣狭窄(congenital mitral valve stenosis)

中位心(mesocardia)

其他类型的心脏异位(ectopia cordis of other type)

肺动脉瓣狭窄(pulmonary artery valvular stenosis)

肺动脉瓣闭锁(pulmonary artery valvular atresia)

先天性二尖瓣闭锁(congenital mitral valve atresia)

原发孔型房间隔缺损(atrial septal defect of primary ostium type)

先天性二尖瓣关闭不全(congenital mitral valve insufficiency)

房间隔缺损(atrial septal defect)

继发孔型房间隔缺损(atrial septal defect of secondary ostium type)

法乐三联症(Fallot trilogy)

室间隔缺损(ventricular septal defect)

法乐四联症(Fallot tetralogy)

心脏肿瘤(heart tumor)

三尖瓣下移畸形(deformity of downward displacement of tricuspid valve)

房室管畸形(atrioventricular canal anomaly)

肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension)

心脏畸胎瘤(heart teratoma)

心肌横纹肌瘤(myocardial rhabdomyoma)

心肌肉瘤(myocardial sarcoma)

心脏黏液瘤(cardiac myxoma)

急性心包炎(acute pericarditis)

慢性缩窄性心包炎(chronic constrictive pericarditis)

腹壁发育缺陷(abdominal deficiency)

肺循环动力过高性肺动脉高压(pulmonary circulative hyperdynamic pulmonary artery hypertension)

经皮肝穿刺胆道造影术(percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography,PTC)

腹腔穿刺(peritoneocentesis)

腹腔血管造影术(coeliac angiography)

小儿消化道内镜(alimentary endoscopy in children)

箝闭性疝(incarcerated hernia)

腹裂(gastroschisis)

先天性腹肌发育缺陷(congenital abdominal musculature deficiency)

腹直肌分离(diastasis recti)

小儿腹壁疝(abdonnal hernia in children)

腹股沟疝(inginal hernia)

脐瘘(umbilical fistula)

脐疝(umbilical hernia)

切口疝(wound hernia)

半月线疝(Spiegel line hernia;semilunar hernia)

股疝(femoral hernia)

上腹壁疝(upper ventral hernia)

侧腹壁疝(lateral ventral hernia)

腹壁切口裂开(abdomimal wound disruption)

卵黄管残留(omphalomesenteric remnants)

脐息肉(umbilical polyp)

脐窦(umbilical sinus)

小儿腹部损伤(abdominal injury in chldren)

卵黄管囊肿(omphalome senteric cyst;vitelline cyst)

残留卵黄管束带(persistent(residual)omphalomesenteric)

脐尿管残留(urachal remnants)

脐炎(omphalitis)

脐肉芽肿(umbilical granuloma)

脐出血(umbilical bleeding)

脐膨出(omphalocele)

原发性腹膜炎(primary peritonitis)

腹壁损伤(abdominal wall injury)

外伤性脾破裂(traumatic splenic rupture)

外伤性肝破裂(traumatic liver rupture)

胰腺损伤(pancreatic trauma)

胃肠道与肠系膜损伤(gastrointestinal and mesenteric injury)

腹膜炎(peritonitis)

小儿急腹症的治疗(treatment of pediatric acute abdomen)

继发性腹膜炎(secondary peritonitis)

结核性腹膜炎(tuberculous peritonitis)

乳糜腹(chyloperitoneum)

小儿急腹症(pediatric acute abdomen)

小儿外科性腹痛(pediatric surgical abdominal pain)

新生儿外科性呕吐(neonatal surgical vomiting)

小儿急腹症诊断方法(diagnosis of pediatric acute abdomen)

儿童胃、十二指肠溃疡(gastric and duodenal ulcer in children)

先天性幽门闭锁(congenital pyloric atresia)

先天性胃壁肌层缺损(congenital defect of gastric musculature)

新生儿胃肠道穿孔(neonatal gastrointestinal perforation)

婴儿肥厚性幽门狭窄(infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis)

肠系膜上动脉综合征(supra mesenteric arterial syndrome;Wikies syndrome)

急性胃扩张(acute dilatation of stomach)

胃扭转(gastrc volvulus)

胃黏膜脱垂(gastric mucosal prolapse)

胃毛团症(gastric trichobezoar)

小儿肠梗阻(ileus in children)

十二指肠前静脉(preduodenal portal vein)

十二指肠周围异常韧带(abnormal ligament of paraduodenum)

慢性十二指肠梗阻(chronic duodenal obstruction)

先天性十二指肠闭锁与狭窄(congenital duodenal atresia and stenosis)

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)

急性肠套叠(acute intussusception)

慢性肠套叠(chronic intussusception)

术后肠套叠(postoperative intussusception)

复发性肠套叠(recurrent intussusception)

急性坏死性小肠炎(acute necrotizing enteritis)

肠旋转不良(intestinal malrotation)

肠壁肌层缺如(intestinal muscular absence)

慢性局限性肠炎(Crohn disease;chronic regional enteritis)

美克耳憩室外科并发症(complication of Meckel diverticulum)

肠闭锁与肠狭窄(intestinal atresia and stenosis)

蛔虫病外科并发症(surgical complication of ascariasis)

肠扭转(intestinal volvulus)

消化道重复畸形(alimentary tract duplication)

胎粪性肠梗阻(meconium ileus)

胎粪性腹膜炎(meconium peritonitis)

结肠肿瘤(colonic tumor)

蛔虫性肠梗阻(ascarious ileus)

胆道蛔虫症(biliary ascariasis)

消化道出血(alimentary tract hemorrhage)

胃肠道异物(foreign body in gastrointestinal tract)

小儿胃肿瘤(gastric tumor in children)

小肠肿瘤(intestinal tumor)

急性髂窝淋巴结炎(acute iliac adenitis)

短肠综合征(short bowel syndrome)

肠系膜大网膜囊肿(mesenteric and omental cyst)

肠系膜肿瘤(mesenteric tumor)

急性肠系膜淋巴结炎(acute mesenteric lymphadenitis)

化脓性肠系膜淋巴结炎(suppurative mesenteric lymphadenitis)

肠系膜淋巴结结核(mesenteric scrofula)

阑尾憩室(diverticulum of appendix)

腹膜后神经母细胞瘤(retroperitoneal neuroblastoma)

神经母细胞瘤的国际分期(proposed international staging system for neuroblastoma,INSS)

小儿急性阑尾炎(acute appendicitis in child)

慢性阑尾炎(chronic appendicitis)

阑尾黏液囊肿(mucocele of appendix)

胎粪性便秘(meconium constipation)

阑尾扭转(torsion of appendix)

阑尾类癌(carcinoid of appendix)

阑尾腺类癌(adenocarcinoid of appendix)

溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis)

先天性巨结肠症(congenital megacolon;Hirschsprung disease)

先天性巨结肠症的手术治疗(operative treatment of congenital megacolon)

先天性肛管直肠畸形(congenital anorectal malformation)

小儿便秘(constipation in children)

直肠结肠息肉(rectocolon polyp)

家族性直肠结肠多发性息肉病(familial colonic and rectal polyposis)

家族性多发性结肠息肉病(familial colonic polyposis)

色素沉着-多发性胃肠道息肉病(pigmented multiple gastrointestinal tract polyposis)

幼年性多发性息肉(multiple juvenile polyposis)

直肠脱垂(rectal prolapse)

肛裂(anal fissure)

先天性短结肠伴肛管闭锁畸形(congenital short colon associated with imperforate anus)

先天性长结肠(congenital dolichocolon)

先天性节段性结肠(小肠)扩张(congenital segmental colon dilatation)

小左结肠综合征(left small colon syndrome)

膈肌下结肠嵌入综合征(Chilaiditi syndrome)

泄殖腔外翻(extrophy of cloaca;vesicointestinal fissure)

先天性肝囊肿(congenital liver cyst)

肛门周围脓肿和瘘(perianal abscess and fistula)

先天性肛周血管扩张症(congenital perianal phlebectasia)

肛门失禁(anal incontinence)

痔(hemorrhoid)

分叶肝和异位肝叶(ectopic lobation)

Riedel肝叶(Riedel lobe)

先天性肝左叶萎缩(left lobar atrophy of liver;lober aplasia)

小儿肝脏转移瘤(liver metastatic tumor)

小儿肝脏良性肿瘤(liver benign tumor in children)

肝细胞腺瘤(hepatiocellular adenoma)

中胚叶错构瘤(mesodermal hamartoma)

局限性结节性肝增生(local tuberous liver hyperplasia)

肝脏血管瘤(hepatic hemangioma)

小儿原发性肝癌(primary hepatocarcinoma in children)

小儿肝肉瘤(hepatic sarcoma in children)

先天性胆道闭锁(congenital biliary atresia)

小儿肝移植(pediatric liver transplantation)

小儿门静脉高压症(portal hypertension in children)

先天性胆囊畸形(congenital anomaly of cholecyst)

原发性硬化性胆管炎(primary sclerosal cholangeitis)

先天性胆总管囊肿(congenital choledochocyst)

小儿胆囊炎(cholecystitis in children)

Caroli病(Caroli disease)

胆石症(cholelithiasis)

婴儿自发性胆道穿孔(infantile biliary tract spontaneous perforation)

胰腺炎(pancreatitis)

急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎(acute obstructive suppurative cholangeitis)

胆道出血(biliary tract bleeding)

环状胰腺(annular pancreas)

异位胰腺(pancreatic heterotopia)

脾脓肿(splenic abscess)

胰腺囊肿(pancreatic cyst)

小儿胰腺肿瘤(pancreatic tumor in children)

胰岛素瘤(insulinoma)

胰源性溃疡综合征(pancreatogenic ulcer syndrome)

胰腺癌(pancreatic carcinoma)

脾功能亢进(hpersplenism)

肾发育不良(renal hypoplasia)

脾囊肿(splenic cyst)

脾肿瘤(splenic tumor)

游走脾(wandering spleen)

小儿膀胱镜检查(pediatric cystoscopy)

单侧无肾(unilateral renal agenesis)

重复肾(renal duplication)

肾不发育(renal aplasia)

多囊肾(polycystic kidney)

肾增生(renal hypertrophy)

胎儿型分叶肾(fetal lobulated kidney)

融合肾(renal fusion)

蹄铁形肾(horseshoe kidney)

异位肾(ectopic kidney)

肾旋转异常(renal malrotation)

肾血管异常(aberrant renal blood vessel)

孤立性肾囊肿(solitary renal cyst)

多房性肾囊肿(multilocular renal cyst)

单侧肾囊肿病(unilateral renal cystisis)

假蜘蛛腿状肾盂(pseudoarachnopelvis)

肾外肾盂(extrarenal pelvis)

先天性肾盏积水(congenital hydrocalycosis)

先天性肾积水的合并畸形(complicated deformity of congenital hydronephrosis)

肾积水(hydronephrosis)

先天性肾积水的病因(etiology of congenital hydronephrosis)

先天性肾积水的流行病学(epidemiology of congenital hydronephrosis)

先天性肾盂积水的病理(pathology of congenital hydronephrosis)

肾母细胞瘤(nephroblastoma;Wilms tumor,WT)

先天性肾积水的临床表现(clinical presentation of congenital hydronephrosis)

先天性肾积水的诊断(diagnosis of congenital hydronephrosis)

先天性肾积水的治疗(treatment of congenital hydronephrosis)

肾输尿管重复畸形(nephroureteral duplication)

肾母细胞瘤的病理(pathology of WT)

小儿肾肿瘤(renal tumor in children)

肾母细胞瘤的病因(etiology of WT)

肾母细胞瘤的流行病学(epidemiology of WT)

肾母细胞瘤的治疗(treatment of WT)

肾母细胞瘤的组织学分型(histological type of WT)

肾母细胞瘤的临床分期(clinical staging of WT)

肾母细胞瘤的临床表现(clinical presentation of WT)

肾母细胞瘤的诊断(diagnosis of WT)

肾血管性高血压的诊断(diagnosis of renovascular hypertension)

双侧肾母细胞瘤(bilaleral WT)

肾外型肾母细胞瘤(extrarenal WT)

肾母细胞瘤的预后(prognosis of WT)

先天性中胚叶肾瘤(congenital mesoblastic nephroma)

肾血管性高血压(renovascular hypertension)

下腔静脉后输尿管(postcaval ureter)

肾血管性高血压的治疗(treatment of renovascular hypertension)

输尿管缺如和发育不全(ureteral agenesis and ureteral hypoplasia)

巨输尿管症(megaloureter)

输尿管口囊肿(ureteral cyst)

输尿管远端闭锁及先天性巨大输尿管积水(distal ureteral atresia and congenital giant hydroureter)

输尿管异位开口(ectopic ureteral orifice)

膀胱外翻(extrophy of bladder)

膀胱输尿管反流(vesicoureteral reflux)

膀胱不发育和发育不全(vesical agenesis and hypoplasia)

重复膀胱(double bladders)

先天性膀胱憩室(congenital bladder diverticulum)

膀胱颈狭窄(bladder neck stenosis)

双尿道畸形(double urethral anomaly)

神经性膀胱(neuropathic bladder disorder)

膀胱肿瘤(bladder tumor)

膀胱横纹肌肉瘤(rhabdomyosarcoma of bladder)

膀胱移行上皮癌(transitional cell carcinoma of bladder)

尿道缺如及先天性尿道闭锁(urethral absence and congenital urethral atresia)

尿道下裂(hypospadias)

尿道憩室(urethral diverticulum)

先天性尿道狭窄(congenital urethral stenosis)

尿道外口囊肿(external urethral meatus cyst)

尿道直肠瘘(urethrorectal fistula)

尿道上裂(epispadias)

隐匿阴茎(buried penis)

后尿道瓣膜症(posterior urethral valve)

尿道损伤(urethral injury)

先天性后尿道息肉(congenital posterior urethral polyp)

尿道黏膜脱垂(urethral mucosa prolapse)

阴茎缺如(penile absence)

阴茎损伤(penile injury)

蹼状阴茎(webbed penis)

单纯阴茎下弯(simple hypocurved penis)

双阴茎(double penis)

大阴茎(macropenis)

小阴茎(micropenis)

阴茎扭转(penile torsion)

包茎(phimosis)

包皮过长(redundant prepuce)

嵌顿性包茎(paraphimosis)

睾丸生殖细胞瘤(testicular germinoma)

睾丸扭转(testicular torsion)

睾丸附件扭转(appendix testis torsion)

鞘膜积液(hydrocele)

睾丸下降不全(incomplete testis descent)

子宫融合畸形(fusion abnormality of uterus)

睾丸性腺基质细胞瘤(testicular gonadal stroma tumor)

睾丸间质细胞瘤(Leydig cell tumor of testis)

睾丸足细胞瘤(sertoli cell tumor)

阴唇粘着(labial adhesion)

无孔处女膜(imperforated hymen)

子宫、阴道积水(hydrometra,hydrocolpos)

阴道积血(hematocolpos)

阴道闭锁及无阴道(vaginal atresia and vaginal aplasia)

无子宫(uterine aplasia)

小儿卵巢恶性肿瘤分期(stating of ovarian malignant tumor in children)

阴唇囊肿(labial cyst)

阴唇良性肿瘤(labial benign tumor)

阴唇癌(labial carcinoma)

阴道囊肿(vaginal cyst)

阴道血管瘤(vaginal hemangioma)

阴道腺病(adenosis of vagina)

阴道葡萄状横纹肌肉瘤(botryoid rhabdomyosarconma of vagina)

小儿卵巢肿瘤(ovarian tumor in children)

外阴阴道炎(vulvovaginitis)

小儿卵巢无性细胞瘤(dysgerminoma in children)

小儿卵巢内胚窦瘤(endodermal sinus tumor in children)

小儿卵巢胚胎瘤(embryonal carcinoma in children)

小儿卵巢畸胎瘤(ovarian teratoma in children)

小儿卵巢颗粒细胞瘤(granulosa cell tumor in children)

小儿盆腔其他肿瘤(other tumor of pelvic caviy in children)

阴道异物(vaginal foreign body)

真两性畸形(true hermaphroditism)

男性假两性畸形(male pseudohermaphroditism)

女性假两性畸形(female pseudohermaphroditism)

女性生殖器外伤(female genital organ injury)

嗜铬细胞瘤(pheochromocytoma)

小儿肾上腺疾病(adrenal disease in children)

皮质醇增多症(hyperadrenocorticism)

原发性醛固酮增多症(primary aldosteronism)

肾上腺性征异常症(adrenogenitalism)

小儿泌尿系结石(calculi in urinary tract of children)

小儿血尿(hematuria in children)

小儿脓尿(pyuria in children)

小儿肾移植(pediatric renal transplantation)

小儿泌尿系结核(urinary tract tuberculosis in children)

小儿尿失禁(urinary incontinence in children)

肱骨内上髁骨折(humeral medial epicondyle fracture)

青枝骨折(greenstick fracture)

骨膜下骨折(subperiosteal fracture)

骨骺损伤(epiphyseal injury)

锁骨骨折(clavicular fracture)

锁骨内侧骨骺分离(epiphyseal separation of clavicular medial end)

肩胛骨骨折(scapular fracture)

肱骨髁上骨折(humeral supracondylar fracture)

肱骨外髁骨折(humeral lateral condyle fracture)

手外伤(hand injury)

肱骨近端骨折(proximal humeral fracture)

肱骨干骨折(humeral shaft fracture)

孟氏骨折(Monteggia fracture)

桡骨近端骨折(proximal radial injury)

尺骨鹰嘴骨折(ulnar olecranon fracture)

前臂骨干双折(radial and ulnar shaft fracture)

桡骨远端骨骺分离(distal radial epiphysis separation)

掌骨骨折(metacarpal fracture)

指骨骨折(phalangeal fracture)

胫腓骨骨干骨折(tibial and fibular shaft fracture)

股骨颈骨折(femoral neck fracture)

股骨大、小粗隆撕骨折(avulsion fracture of great and lesser trochanter)

股骨远端骨骺损伤(distal femoral epiphysis injury)

股骨干骨折(femoral shaft fracture)

膝关节内骨软骨骨折(osteochondral fracture in knee)

髌骨骨折(patellar fracture)

胫骨近端骨骺损伤(proximal tibial epiphysis injury)

胫骨棘骨折(tibial spinal fracture)

胫骨结节撕脱骨折(avulsion fracture of tibial tubercle)

桡骨头半脱位(radial head subluxation)

胫腓骨远端骨骺损伤(distal tibial and fibular epiphysis injury)

足骨骨折(foot fracture)

颈椎骨折(cervical spinal fracture)

胸腰椎骨折(thoracic and lumbal spinal fracture)

骨盆骨折(pelvic fracture)

寰枢椎自发性半脱位(spontaneous atlanto-axial ioint subluxation)

肩锁关节脱位(acromioclaviculac dislocation)

肘关节脱位(dislocation of elbow joint)

颈椎前移(cervical spinal spondyloliothesis)

外伤性髋关节脱位(traumatic hipjoint dislocation)

外伤性髌骨脱位(traumatic patellar dislocation)

习惯性髌骨脱位(habitual patellar dislocation)

末端小骨、枕椎骨(distal minor osoccipital vertebra)

寰椎枕骨融合(atlooccipital fusion)

齿状突分离(odontoid process separation)

齿状突缺如(odontoid process absence)

颈椎椎弓根和小关节面缺如(cervical spinal pedicle and lesser articular process absence)

桡骨缺如(radial absence)

先天性短颈畸形(congenital brevicollis deformity;brevicollis synostosis of cervical vertebrae)

颈肋(cervical rib)

先天性肌性斜颈(congenital myogenic torticollis;muscular torticollis)

先天性高肩胛症(congenital elevated scapula)

锁骨、颅骨发育不全(cleidocranial dysostosis)

先天性锁骨假关节(congenital clavicular pseudoarthrosis)

先天性尺桡骨骨性连接(congenital radioulnar synostosis)

浮动拇指(floating thumb)

尺骨缺如(ulnar absence)

先天性肩关节脱位(congenital shoulder dislocation)

先天性肘关节强直(congenital elbow ankylosis)

先天性桡骨头脱位(congenital radial head dislocation)

先天性远端桡尺关节半脱位(congenital distal radioulnar joint subluxation)

并指(syndactylia)

多指(polydactylia)

缺指和手裂(ectrodactylia and cleft hand)

先天性髋关节脱位的X线征(X-ray sign of CHD)

巨指(macrodactylia)

短指(brachydactylia)

拇指屈肌腱狭窄性腱鞘类(stenosing tenovaginity of thumb)

拇指屈曲、内收畸形和手指屈曲畸形(thumb flexed-adducted finger flexed deformity)

手指外翻畸形(finger valgus deformity)

指骨融合畸形(symphalangism)

拇指三节指骨畸形(triphalangeal thumb)

小指营养不良(the fifth finger dystrophy)

先天性髋关节脱位(congenital hipjoint dislocation,CHD)

先天性髋关节脱位的病理改变(pathology of CHD)

先天性髋关节脱位的体征(sign of CHD)

先天性膝反屈(congenital genu recurvatum)

先天性髋关节脱位治疗方法(treatment of CHD)

髋外展挛缩畸形(coxa-abducted contracture deformity)

髋内翻畸形(coxa vara)

短股骨伴髋内翻畸形(short femur with coxa vara)

股骨弯曲伴髋内翻畸形(femoral curvature with coxa vara deformity)

股骨扭转(femoral torsion)

先天性膝关节脱位(congenital dislocation of knee)

先天性仰趾外翻足(congenital calcaneovalgus talipes)

多髌骨畸形(multiple patella)

髌骨缺如(patella absence)

先天性胫骨假关节(congenital tibial pseudoarthrosis)

胫骨缺如(tibial absence)

胫骨扭转(tibial torsion)

胫骨后内侧成角畸形(tibial post-internal angulated deformity)

腓骨缺如(fibular absence)

先天性马蹄内翻足(congenital talipes equinovarus)

先天性内翻足(congenital talipes varus)

龙虾足(lobster claw foot)

先天性马蹄外翻足(congenital talipes equinovalgus)

先天性跖骨内翻、内收畸形(congnital metatarsus varus and adducted deformity)

跗骨并合(tarsal coalition)

先天性外翻凸形足(congenital convex pes valgus)

高弓足(pes arcuatus)

先天性杵臼踝关节(congenital ball and socket ankle joint)

副舟骨(accessory scaphoid)

第一跖骨短缩畸形(short metatarsus primus deformity)

先天性?内翻(congenital hallux varus)

先天性第一跖骨内翻和?外翻(congenital metatarsus primus varus and hallux valgus)

先天性脊柱后突侧弯(congenital kyphoscoliosis)

卷缩趾(curly toe)

先天性小趾内翻(congenital fifth toe varus)

趾屈曲畸形(flexed deformity of toe)

趾背伸畸形(dorsiflexion deformity of toe)

多趾(polydactylia)

缺趾(toe absence)

巨趾(macrodactylia)

并趾(syndactylia)

肢体骨骼缺如(long limb bone absence)

先天性脊柱侧弯(congenital scoliosis)

先天性脊柱后突(congenital kyphosis)

肌间血管瘤(intermuscular hemangioma)

先天性脊柱前移(congenital spondylolistyesis)

腰骶椎缺如(lumbosacral spinal absence)

特发性脊椎侧弯(idiopathic scoliosis)

小腿三头肌挛缩(triceps surae musele contracture)

肌肉缺如(muscular absence)

先天性副肌肉(congenital accessory muscle)

先天性多发性关节挛缩症(congenital multiple arthrogryposis)

蜘蛛脚样指趾(arachnodactylie)

血管球瘤(glomus tumor)

进行性骨化性肌炎(myositis ossificans progressiva)

Ehlers-Danlos综合征(Ehlers-Danlos syndrome)

软骨外胚层结构不良(chondroectodermal dysplasia;Ellis Van Cveveld syndrome)

指(趾)甲髌骨综合征(unguis patellar syndrome)

尖头并指(趾)畸形(acrocephalocynodactyly;

Apert syndrome)

偏侧骨骺发育不良(dysplasia epiphysialis hemimelia)

盘状软骨(discoid cartilage)

软骨发育不全(dyschondroplasia;achondroplasia)

干骺端骨发育不全(metaphyseal dysostosis)

纹状骨病(osteopathia striata)

点状骨病(osteopoikilosis)

骨骺点状发育不良(Conradi disease)

多发性骨骺发育不良(dysplasia epiphysialis multiplex)

跖骨头缺血性坏死(avascular necrosis of metatarsal head)

进行性骨干发育不良(progressive diaphyseal dysplasia)

成骨不全(osteogenesis imperfecta)

骨软骨炎(osteochondritis)

股骨头缺血性坏死(avascular necrosis of femoral head)

胫骨结节骨软骨炎(tibial tuberosity osteochondritis)

足舟状骨缺血性坏死(avascular necrosis of navicular bone)

沙门菌骨髓炎(salmonella osteomyelitis)

肱骨小头骨软骨炎(humeral capitellum osteochondritis)

椎体骨软骨炎(spinal body osteochondritis)

跟骨骨骺炎(calcaneal epiphysitis)

胫骨内翻(tibial varus)

股骨头骨骺滑脱(slipped capital femoral epiphysis)

血源性骨髓炎(hematogenic osteomyelitis)

布氏杆菌骨髓炎(Brucellars osteomyelitis)

骨与关节结核(tuberculosis of bone and joint)

牛痘疫苗骨髓炎(vaccinal osteomyelitis)

骨梅毒(syphilis of bone)

骨放线菌病(actinomycosis of bone)

骨芽生菌病(blastomycosis of bone)

骨球孢子菌病(coccidiodomycosis of bone)

骨孢子丝菌病(sporotrichosis of bone)

化脓性关节炎(pyogenic arthritis)

血友病性关节炎(hemophilic arthropathy)

脑性麻痹(cerebral palsy)

急性暂时性髋关节滑膜炎(acute transient synovitis of hip)

婴儿骨皮质增生症(infantile cortical hyperostosis)

膝内翻(genu varum)

膝外翻(genu valgum)

下肢不等长(leg length inequality)

臀肌挛缩(gluteal muscle contracture)

偏身肥大症(hemihypertrophy)

先天性束带(congenital band)

骨囊肿(bone cyst)

脊髓灰质炎后遗畸形(deformity of poliomyelitis)

先天性无痛症(congenital analgesia)

单发性骨软骨瘤(solitary osteochondroma)

多发性骨软骨瘤(multiple osteochomdroma)

多发性内生软骨瘤(multiple enchondroma)

单发性软骨瘤(solitary osteochondroma)

组织细胞增生症X(histocytosis-X)

动脉瘤样骨囊肿(aneurysmal bone cyst)

纤维性结构不良(fibrous dysplasia)

骨样骨瘤(osteoid osteoma)

骨肉瘤(osteogenic sarcoma)

尤文肉瘤(Ewing sarcoma)

甲下骨疣(subungual osseous wart)

腱鞘囊肿(ganglion)

腘窝囊肿(popliteal cyst)

简介

眼科学

视疲劳(asthenopia)

远视力(distance vision)

近视力(near vision)

暗适应(scotopic adaptation)

视野检查法(perimetry)

立体视(stereoscopic vision)

色盲(achromatopsia)

视野(visual field)

内眦赘皮(epicanthus)

霰粒肿(chalazion)

麦粒肿(hordeolum)

脂溢性睑缘炎(blepharitis seborrhoicmarginal)

上睑下垂(ptosis)

眼睑恶性黑色素瘤(malignant melanoma)

睑内翻(entropion)

睑外翻(ectropion)

睑闭合不全(lagophthalmus)

Marcus-Gunn综合征(Marcus-Gunn syndrome)

眼睑基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma)

慢性卡他性结膜炎(chronic catarrhal conjunctivitis)

泪道阻塞(lacrimal obstruction)

急性泪囊炎(acute dacryocystitis)

慢性泪囊炎(chronic dacryocystitis)

新生儿泪囊炎(neonatal dacryocystitis)

急性卡他性结膜炎(acute catarrhal conjunctivitis)

巨乳头性结膜炎(giant papillary conjunctivitis)

淋菌性结膜炎(gonococcal conjunctivitis)

沙眼(trachoma)

变态反应性结膜炎(allergic conjunctivitis)

泡性结膜炎(phlyctenular conjunctivitis)

春季结膜炎(vernal conjunctivitis)

干眼(dry eye)

流行性角膜结膜炎(epidemic keratoconjunctivitis)

流行性出血性结膜炎(epidemic haemorrhagic conjunctivitis)

包涵体性结膜炎(inclusion conjunctivitis)

翼状胬肉(pterygium)

角膜瘢痕(corneal scar)

泪膜破裂时间测定(break-up time determination)

角膜(cornea)

角膜缘(limbus of cornea)

角膜水肿(corneal edema)

角膜浸润(corneal infiltration)

角膜浑浊(corneal opacity)

绿脓杆菌性角膜炎(pseudomonas corneal ulcer)

粘连性角膜白斑(adherent corneal leucoma)

角膜葡萄肿(corneal staphyloma)

角膜血管翳(corneal pannus)

角膜炎(keratitis)

真菌性角膜炎(mycotic keratitis)

单纯疱疹性角膜炎(herpes simplex keratitis)

角膜基质炎(parenchymatous keratitis)

病毒性点状角膜炎(viral punctate keratitis)

丝状角膜炎(filamentary keratitis)

盘状单疱病毒性角膜炎(discifonn herpes simplex keratitis)

带状角膜病变(band-shaped ketatopathy)

蚕蚀性角膜溃疡(rodent ulcer;Mooren ulcer)

暴露性角膜炎(exposure keratitis)

角膜软化症(keratomalacia)

角膜变性(corneal degeneration)

角膜老年环(cornea arcus senilis)

大泡性角膜病变(bullous keratopathy)

边缘性角膜变性(Terrien marginal degeneration)

地图-点状-指纹状营养不良(map-dot-finger print dystrophy)

颗粒状角膜营养不良(granular dystrophy)

Fuch角膜内皮营养不良(Fuch endothelial dystrophy)

眼表解剖、生理的新概念(new concept of ocular surface in anatomy and physiology)

角膜皮样瘤(dermoid tumor of the cornea)

角膜原位癌(carcinoma in site of the cornea)

圆锥角膜(keratoconus)

大角膜(macrocornea)

小角膜(microcornea)

穿透性角膜移植术(penetrating keratoplasty)

人工角膜(corneal artificia)

眼球筋膜囊炎(tenonits)

羊膜移植重建眼表(amnion membrane transplantation reconstruct ocular surface)

羊膜解剖特点(anatomical characterization of amnion membrane)

羊膜移植适应证(indications of amnion membrane transplantation)

Wilson综合征(Wilson syndrome)

Sturge-Weber综合征(Sturge-Weber syndrome)

巩膜炎(scleritis)

周边部葡萄膜炎(peripheral uveitis)

穿孔性巩膜软化症(scleromalacia pefforans)

葡萄膜炎(uveitis)

前部葡萄膜炎(anterior uveitis)

急性虹膜睫状体炎(acute iridocyclitis)

亚急性虹膜睫状体炎(sub-acute iridocyclitis)

化脓性虹膜睫状体炎(suppurative iridocyclitis)

慢性睫状体炎(chronic cyclitis)

渗出性脉络膜炎(exudative choroiditis)

后部葡萄膜炎(posterior uveitis)

全葡萄膜炎(panuveitis)

病毒性葡萄膜炎(uveitis viral infections)

青光眼性虹膜炎(iritis glaucomatosa)

晶状体诱发性葡萄膜炎(lens-induced uveitis)

虹膜角膜内皮综合征(iridocorneal endothelial syndrome,ICE syndrome)

葡萄膜大脑炎(uveoencephalitis)

虹膜红变症(rubeosis iridis)

白内障(cataract)

脉络膜萎缩(choroidal atrophy)

先天性无虹膜(congenital aniridia)

瞳孔残膜(membrana pupillaris)

Behcet病(Behcet syndrome)

Fuch综合征(Fuch syndrome)

先天性白内障(congenital cataract)

老年性白内障(senile cataract)

老年性皮质性白内障(cortical cataract)

老年性核性白内障(nuclear cataract)

囊下白内障(subcapsular cataract)

并发性白内障(complicated cataract)

绕核性白内障(perinuclear cataract)

外伤性白内障(traumatic cataract)

糖尿病性白内障(diabetic cataract)

半乳糖性白内障(galactose cataract)

手足搐搦性白内障(tetany cataract)

莫干白内障(morgagnian cataract)

后发性白内障(after cataract)

晶体脱位(lens dislocation)

冠状白内障(coronary cataract)

珊瑚状白内障(coralliform cataract)

缝状白内障(sutural cataract)

前极白内障(anterior polar cataract)

后极白内障(posterior polar cataract)

囊袋收缩综合征(capsular bag contraction syndrome)

Sunset综合征(Sunset syndrome)

肌强直性白内障(myotonic cataract)

挫伤性白内障(contusive cataract)

穿孔性外伤性白内障(penetrating cataract)

电击性白内障(electric cataract)

辅射性白内障(radiating cataract)

真性糖尿病白内障(true diabetic cataract)

无晶状体眼(aphakia)

晶状体半脱位(subluxation of lens)

Marfan综合征(Marfan syndrome)

白内障囊内摘除术(intracapsular cataract extraction)

白内障囊外摘除术(extracapsula cataract extraction)

白内障超声乳化术(phacoemulsification)

屈光性人工晶体植入术(refractive intraocular lens implantation)

人工晶体植入术(intraocular lens implantation)

白内障激光乳化术(photolysis)

多焦点人工晶体(multifocus intraocular lens,MIOL)

衍射型多焦点人工晶体(diffractive MIOL,DMIOL)

折射型多焦点人工晶体(refractive MIOL,RMIOL)

注入式人工晶体(injective IOLs)

Schlemm(施莱姆)管(Schlemm canal)

青光眼(glaucoma)

眼内压(intraocular pressure)

前房角(angle of anterior chamber)

小梁网(trabecular meshwork)

虹膜高褶型青光眼(plateau iris glaucoma)

前房角镜(gonioscope)

前房深度(chamber depth)

急性闭角型青光眼(acute angle-closure glaucoma)

慢性闭角型青光眼(chronic angle-closure glaucoma)

眼压描记(tonography)

原发性开角型青光眼(primary open-angle glaucoma)

睫状体炎青光眼综合征(glaucomatocyclitic crisis)

溶血性青光眼(hemolytic glaucoma)

新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma)

高眼压症(ocular hypertension)

晶状体溶解性青光眼(phacolytic glaucoma)

睫状环阻塞性青光眼(ciliary block glaucoma)

婴幼儿型青光眼(infantile glaucoma)

青少年性青光眼(iuvenile glaucoma)

继发性青光眼(secondary glaucoma)

先天性青光眼(congenital glaucoma)

继发性闭角青光眼(secondary angle-closure glaucoma)

晶状体脱位性青光眼(lens dislocation glaucoma)

低眼压性青光眼(low tension glaucoma)

激素性青光眼(corticosteroid-induced glaucoma)

现代房水引流植入物(modern aqueous humor drainage implant)

杯盘比(cup-disc ratio,C/D)

激发试验(provocative test)

恶性青光眼的诊断及处理进展(diagnosis and management progress for malignant glaucoma)

难治性青光眼(refractory glaucoma)

青光眼的视神经保护(neuroprotection in glaucoma)

小梁切除术(trabeculectomy)

深层巩膜切除联合胶原物植入术(deep sclerectomy with collagen implant,DSCI)

玻璃体脱离(vitreous detachment)

现代房水引流植入物种类(type for modern aqueous humor drainage implant)

玻璃体(vitreous)

飞蚊症(muscae volitantes;vitreous floaters)

玻璃体动脉残留(persistent hyaloid artery)

永存原始玻璃体增生症(persistent hyperplasia of primary vitreous)

玻璃体混浊(vitreous opacity)

玻璃体切割手术(vitrectomy)

老年玻璃体液化(synchysis senilis)

玻璃体出血(vitreous hemorrhage)

玻璃体变性(vitreons degeneration)

玻璃体炎(vitreitis)

玻璃体寄生虫(parasite in vitreous)

增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(proliferative vitreoretinopathy,PVR)

视网膜微动脉瘤(retinal microaneurysm)

视网膜(retina)

视网膜中央动脉阻塞(central retinal artery occlusion)

视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occolusion)

视网膜静脉周围炎(retinal periphlebitis)

外层渗出性网膜病变(retinitis exudative external)

视网膜出血(retinal hemorrhage)

急性色素上皮炎(acute retinal pigment epithelitis)

急性后极部多发性鳞状色素上皮病变(acute posterior multifocal pigment epitheliopathy)

中心性渗出性脉络膜炎(central exudative chorioretinitis)

黄斑囊样水肿(cystoid macular edema)

视网膜结节性动脉周围炎(retinal periarteritis nodosa)

老年黄斑变性(senile macular degeneration)

原发性视网膜色素变性(primary pigmentary degeneration of the retina)

老年特发性黄斑裂孔(aged-related idiopathic macular holes)

遗传性黄斑变性(hereditary macular degeneration)

肾性网膜病变(renal retinopathy)

黄斑盘状变性(disciform macular degeneration)

近视性黄斑变性(myopia macular degeneration)

高血压性视网膜病变(hypertensive retinopathy)

vitreoretinal traction syndrome)

妊娠中毒症性网膜病变(retinopathy in toxemia of pregnancy)

糖尿病性网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy)

增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy)

视网膜新生血管(retinal neovascularization)

后部玻璃体视网膜牵引综合征(posterior

视网膜劈裂症(retinoschisis)

视网膜裂孔(retinal hole)

原发性视网膜脱离(primary detachment of retina)

视神经乳头炎(papillitis)

视网膜母细胞瘤(retinoblastoma)

视网膜切开及切除术(retinotomy and retinectomy)

闪辉性暗点(scintillating scotoma)

先天性梅毒性视网膜炎(congenital syphilitic retinitis)

视神经(optic nerve)

球后视神经炎(retrobulbar optic neuritis)

缺血性视神经病变(optic ischemic neuropathy)

视盘血管炎(optic disc vasculitis)

屈光不正(error of refraction)

视乳头水肿(papilledema)

视神经脑膜瘤(meningioma of optic nerve)

视神经萎缩(optic atrophy)

先天性视神经缺损(congenital coloboma of optic nerve)

调节(accommodation)

近视眼(myopia)

远视眼(hyperopia)

散光眼(astigmatism)

屈光参差(anisometropia)

验光(optometry)

调节痉挛(spasm of accommodation)

调节麻痹(paralysis of accommodation)

老视(presbyopia)

斜视(strabismus)

放射状角膜切开术(radial keratotomy,RK)

准分子激光角膜切削术(photorefractive keratotomy,PRK)

准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)

后巩膜加固术(posterior scleral reinforcement)

准分子激光治疗性角膜切削术(phototherapeutic keratotomy,PTK)

共同性斜视(concomitant strabismus)

隐性斜视(heterophoria)

显性斜视(strabismus manifest)

麻痹性斜视(paralytic strabismus)

调节性共同性内斜视(accommodative concomitant esotropia)

交替性斜视(alternating strabismus)

弱视(amblyopia)

疼痛性眼肌麻痹综合征(painful ophthalmoplegia syndrome)

A-V综合征(A-V syndrome)

弱视性眼球震颤(amblyopic nystagmus)

废用性弱视(amblyopic amblyopia)

眼球震颤(nystagmus)

终位性眼球震颤(end-position nystagmus)

视觉不良性眼球震颤(dysopia nystagmus)

眼眶蜂窝组织炎(orbital cellulitis)

眶内肿瘤(intraorbital tumor)

眼球突出(exophthalmos)

Grave眼征(Grave eye sign)

眼眶血管瘤(orbital hemangioma)

眼球内异物(intraocular foreign body)

眶骨膜炎(orbital periostitis)

Graves病(Basedow syndrome)

Horner综合征(Horner syndrome)

眼外伤(ocular trauma)

眼球钝挫伤(blunt trauma of eyeball)

视神经挫伤(blunt trauma of optic nerve)

眼化学性烧伤(chemical burn of eye)

眼铁质沉着症(siderosis of eye)

眼铜质沉着症(chalcosis of eye)

眼部辐射性损伤(radiational injury)

电光性结膜炎(arc-flash comjunctivitis)

交感性眼炎(sympathetic ophthalmia)

超声生物显微镜(ultrasound biomicroscope,UBM)

非贯通创伤(nonpenetrating wound)

海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪(Heidelberg retina tomograph,HRT)

眼底荧光血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)

吲哚青绿血管造影(indocyanine green angiongraphy,ICGA)

氪离子激光器(kkyptonion laser)

光学相干断层成像术(optical coherence tomography,OCT)

获得性免疫缺陷综合征的眼部并发症

(complications of AIDS)

光动力学疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)

眼科激光内窥镜(endoscope of ophthalmologic laser)

红宝石激光器(ruby Laser)

氩离子激光器(argon ion laser)

掺钕四氟化钇锂激光器(Nd:YLF)

半导体激光(diode laser)

染料激光器(dye alser)

掺钕钇铝石榴石激光器(neodymium doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser,Nd:YAG laser)

掺钕钇铝石榴石倍频激光器(frequency double Nd:YAG laser)

Q-开关掺钕钇铝石榴石倍频激光器(Q-switched frequency double Nd:YAG laser)

二氧化碳激光器(carbon dioxide laser)

高能超脉冲二氧化碳激光器(ultrapulse carbon dioxide laser)

Q-开关掺钕钇铝石榴石激光器(Q-switched Nd:YAG laser)

锁模掺钕钇铝石榴石激光器(mode-locked Nd:YAG laser)

激光虹膜切除术(laser iridectomy)

准分子激光器(exeimer laser)

掺铒钇铝石榴石激光器(erbium:yttrium-aluminum garnet laser,Er:YAG)

光凝激光器(photocoagulator)

分裂激光器(photodisruption)

弥漫性光凝治疗(scatter photocoagulation)

全视网膜光凝(panretinal photocoagulation,PRP)

局部融合光凝(confluent local treatment)

局部光凝治疗(focal treatment)

格子样光凝治疗(grid treatment)

激光后囊膜切开术(laser posterior capsulotomy)

激光周边虹膜成形术(laser peripheral iridoplasty)

激光小梁成形术(laser trabeculoplasty)

睫状体光凝术(cyclophotocoagulation)

中央虹膜成形术(iridoplasty of the central iris)

房角光凝术(goniophotocoagulation)

简介

耳鼻咽喉科学

下咽部(喉咽部)(hypopharynx;laryngeal pharynx)

咽囊(pharyngeal pouch)

咽囊炎(咽黏液囊炎;鼻咽部正中瘘管;桑汶地病)(pharyngeal bursitis;inflammationof pharyngeal bursa;Thornwaldt disease)

鼻咽囊肿(cyst of nasopharynx)

垂体囊肿(hypophyseal cyst)

咽中线隐窝囊肿(增殖体窝囊肿;增殖体正中窝囊肿)(pharyngeal centerline crypt cyst;adenoids median cyst)

咽囊囊肿(cyst of pharyngeal pouch)

咽鼓管咽口(pharyngeal opening of auditory tube;eustachian tube orifice;pharyngeal ostium of eustachian tube)

下咽上区(superior hypopharynx)

下咽下区(梨状窝区)(inferior hypopharynx;piriform sinus)

下咽后壁区(posterior hypopharynx)

环后区(postcricoid region)

梨状窝(梨状隐窝)(piriform recess;recessus piriformis)

鼻咽部(nasopharynx)

增殖体(咽扁桃体;腺样体)(adenoids;vegetation)

咽囊脓肿(abscess of pharyngeal bursa)

咽隐窝(pharyngeal recess;recessus pharyngeus;recessus infundibuliformis)

腭帆提肌(levator muscle of palatine velum;musculus levator veli palatini;lveator veli palatini muscle)

腭帆提肌隆突(提肌隆突)(levator protuberance;levator torus)

咽鼓管圆枕(咽鼓管隆突;咽鼓管隆凸)(tubal prominence;torus tubarius)

管腭皱襞(咽鼓管腭襞)(salpingopalatine fold)

管咽皱襞(咽鼓管咽襞)(salpingopharyngeal fold)

口咽部(oropharynx)

腭扁桃体(扁桃体)(faucial tonsil;palatine tonsil;tonsilla palatina)

扁桃体隐窝(cryptae tonsillares;tonsillar crypts)

扁桃体上窝(supratonsillar fossa;fossa supratonsillaris)

三角韧带(扁桃体下皱襞;扁桃体横皱襞)(ligamentum deltoideum;ligamentum triangularity)

扁桃体窝(tonsillar pit)

扁桃体包膜(capsule of tonsils)

咽壁(pharynx wall)

腭帆张肌(tensor muscle of velum palatini;musculus tensor veli palatini;tensor veli palatini muscle)

悬雍垂肌(muscle of uvula;musculus uvulae;uvularis)

舌腭肌(glossopalatinus;palatoglossus;musculus glossopalatinus;musculus palatoglossus)

咽腭肌(腭咽肌)(palatopharyngeal muscle;musculus palatopharygeus)

腭肌(palatum muscles)

咽后间隙(retropharyngeal space;spatium retropharyngeum)

椎前间隙(prevertebral space)

咽内间隙(endopharyngeal space)

咽旁间隙(parapharyngeal space)

自发性咽痛(spontaneous pharyngodynia)

咽黏膜(pharynx mucous coat;tunica mucosa pharynx;pharyngeal mucous membrane)

咽淋巴环(pharyngeal lymphatic ring;pharyngeal lymphoid ring)

咽淋巴管网(pharynx lymphatic vessel graticule;vas lymphaticum graticule of pharynx)

咽后壁淋巴丛(retropharyngeal flap lymphatic plexus;plexus lymphaticus of retropharyngeal flap)

咽的生理功能(pharynx physiology)

咽痛(pharyngodynia)

瘫痪性和咽肌运动失调性吞咽困难(paralytic dysphagia;dysphagia of pharyngeal muscles dyscinesia)

激发性咽痛(provocation pharyngodynia)

咽壁感染性咽痛(infective pharyndodynia)

咽壁非感染性咽痛(noninfective pharyngodynia)

反射性咽痛(reflectivity pharyngodynia)

牙源性咽痛(口腔感染性咽痛)(oral cavity infective pharyngodynia)

鼻源性咽痛(rhinal reflectivity pharyngodynai)

喉源性咽痛(laryngeal reflectivity pharygodynia)

颈部病变所致的咽痛(cervical reflectivity pharyngodynia)

食管源性咽痛(esophageal reflectivity pharyngodynia)

全身性疾病引起的咽痛(reflectivity pharyngodynia of general diseases)

咽源性呼吸困难(pharyngopathic dyspnea)

炎症性吞咽困难(inflammatory dysphagia)

鳃裂瘘管(pretrematicus fistula)

梗阻性吞咽困难(obstructive dysphagia)

咽部异物感(pharyngeal foreign body sensation)

癔球症(咽异感症;梅核气)(globus pharyngeus;pharyngeal paraesthesia;paraesthesia pharyngeus)

咽感觉麻木或迟钝(pharyngeal anesthesia and dysesthesia)

咽出血(pharyngorrhagia)

鼻咽部鳃源囊肿(nasopharyngeal pretrematicus cyst)

腭瘘管(palatum fistula)

鳃沟发育异常(branchial groove dysplasia)

咽部瘢痕狭窄(pharyngeal cicatricial stricture)

鳃裂瘘管切除术(pertrematicus fistulectomy)

鳃裂囊肿(pretrematicus cyst)

咽血管畸形(pharyngeal angiodeformity)

先天性鼻咽部狭窄(congenital nasopharyngeal stricture)

鼻咽部垂体遗留(pharyngeal hypophysis)

口咽部粘连(oropharyngeal accretion)

喉咽部狭窄(laryngopharyngeal stricture)

茎突综合征(elongation of styloid process)

经颈外途径茎突截短术(transcervical partial resection of processus styloideus)

经口咽茎突截短术(transoral partial resection of processus styloideus)

鼻咽纤维瘤(男性青春期出血性鼻咽血管纤维瘤)(nasopharyngeal fibroid;nasopharyngeal angiofibroma)

鼻咽部狭窄(nasopharyngeal stricture)

咽憩室(pharyngeal diverticulum)

咽侧壁憩室(diverticulum on the lateral wall of pharynx)

咽后壁憩室(retropharyngeal wall diverticulum)

腭咽闭合不全(velopharyngeal insufficiency)

咽肌麻痹(pharyngoplegia pharyngolysis)

咽肌痉挛(clonic spasm of pharyngeal muscle)

强直性咽痉挛(tonic spasm of pharyngeal muscle)

节律性咽肌阵挛(节律性腭咽喉肌阵挛;腭肌阵挛)(rhythmical spasm of pharyngeal muscle)

咽部血管瘤(pharyngeal haemangioma;pharyngeal angioma)

咽部脊索瘤(pharyngeal chordoma;pharyngeal notochordoma)

咽颅咽管瘤(pharyngeal craniopharyngioma;pharyngeal Rathke pouth tumor;pharyngeal Rathke tumor;pharyngeal hypophyseal duct tumor)

颅咽管(craniopharyngeal canal)

咽畸胎瘤(pharyngeal teratoma;pharyngeal teratomata)

咽皮样瘤(咽皮样囊肿)(pharyngeal dermoid tumor;pharyngeal dermoid cyst)

咽畸胎样瘤(咽真性畸胎瘤)(pharyngeal teratoblastoma,pharyn geal teratoid tumor)

咽上颌寄生胎(pharyngeal epigna thus)

咽部神经鞘膜瘤(neuro-tunica vaginalis tumor)

扁桃体癌(carcinoma of tonsil)

咽部乳头状瘤(pharyngeal papilloma)

咽部混合瘤(咽部涎腺多形性腺瘤)(pharyngeal mixed tumor;pharyngeal pleomorphic adenoma;pharyngeal polymorphic adenoma of salivary gland)

咽部脑膜瘤(pharyngeal meningeoma;pharyngeal meningioma;pharyngeal meningoma;pharyngeal meningothelioma)

咽部浆细胞瘤(pharyngeal plasmacytoma;pharyngeal plasmocytoma;pharyngeal plasmoma)

咽部潴留囊肿(pharyngeal retention cyst)

咽部感染性囊肿(pharyngeal infective cyst)

咽部息肉(pharyngeal polypus)

鼻咽肉瘤(nasopharyngeal sarcoma)

扁桃体恶性肿瘤(malignant tumor of tonsils)

下咽癌(laryngeal pharynx carcinoma;hypopharyngeal carcinoma)

扁桃体肉瘤(sarcoma of tonsil)

EB病毒(埃-巴病毒)(EB virus;Epstein-Barr virus)

鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma)

上行型鼻咽癌(颅神经侵犯型鼻咽癌;A型鼻咽癌)(ascending nasopharyngeal carcinoma)

下行型鼻咽癌(颈淋巴结广泛转移型鼻咽癌;D型鼻咽癌)(descending nasopharyngeal carcinoma)

上下行型鼻咽癌(混合型鼻咽癌;AD型鼻咽癌)(compound nasopharyngeal carcioma)

鼻咽原位癌(nasopharyngeal preivasive carcinoma)

鼻咽泡状核细胞癌(nasopharyngeal vesicular nucleus carcinoma)

鼻咽部恶性肿瘤的临床分期(clinical staging of nasopharyngeal malignant tumor)

咽部灼伤(pharyngeal burn)

梨状窝癌(piriform recess carcinoma;recessus piriformis carcinoma)

环后癌(postcricoid carcinoma)

下咽后壁癌(posterior hypopharynx carcinoma)

下咽上区癌(superior hypopharynx carcinoma)

咽部异物(pharyngeal foreign body)

鼻咽异物(nasopharyngeal foreign body)

口咽异物(oropharyngeal foreign body)

喉咽异物(hypopharyngeal foreign body)

咽部机械性创伤(pharyngeal mechanical trauma)

咽部狼疮(pharyngeal lupus)

咽部热灼伤(pharyngeal thermal burn)

咽部化学灼伤(pharyngeal chemical burn)

咽部灼伤的分度(graduations in degree of pharyngeal burn)

咽部梅毒(pharyngeal syphilis)

咽部结核(pharyngeal tuberculosis)

扁桃体结核(tonsil tuberculosis)

急性粟粒型咽结核(acute miliary pharyngeal tuberculosis)

慢性溃疡型咽结核(chronic ulcerative pharyngeal tuberculosis)

萎缩性咽炎(atrophic pharyngitis)

咽部麻风(pharyngeal leprosy)

咽部硬结病(pharyngeal scleroma)

急性鼻咽炎(acute nasopharyngitis)

急性单纯性咽炎(acute simple pharyngitis)

慢性鼻咽炎(chronic nasopharyngitis)

慢性单纯性咽炎(simple chronic pharyngitis)

慢性肥厚性咽炎(hypertrophic pharyngitis)

天疱疮样血肿性咽峡炎(咽部血肿)(hematoma of pharynx)

干燥性咽炎(pharyngitis sicca)

咽角化症(keratosis of pharynx)

悬雍垂过长症(enlongated uvula)

链球菌性咽炎(streptococcus pharyngitis)

猩红热性咽炎(scarlet fever pharyngitis)

咽白喉(pharyngeal diphtheria)

奋森咽峡炎(溃疡性扁桃体炎;溃疡膜性咽炎)(Vincent angina;ulcerative tonsillitis;ulceromembranous angian)

急性滤泡型扁桃体炎(急性实质型扁桃体炎)(acute follicular tonsillitis)

疹热病咽炎(exanthema pharyngitis)

麻疹咽炎(measles rubeola pharyngitis)

水痘的咽部表现(chickenpox varicelle pharyngitis)

天花的咽部表现(smallpox pharyngitis;variola pharyngitis)

病毒性咽炎(viral pharyngitis)

急性扁桃体炎(烂乳娥、喉娥风)(acute tonsillitis)

急性卡他型扁桃体炎(急性单纯型扁桃体炎)(acute simple tonsillitis;acute catarrhaltonsillitis)

急性隐窝型扁桃体炎(acute lacunar tonsillitis)

扁桃体切除术适应证(indication of tonsillectomy)

急性卡他性扁桃体炎(acute catarrhal tonsillitis)

急性化脓性扁桃体炎(acute suppurative tonsillitis)

慢性扁桃体炎(chronic tonsillitis)

慢性增生型扁桃体炎(chronic proliferative tonsillitis)

慢性纤维型扁桃体炎(chronic fibrous tonsillitis)

慢性隐窝型扁桃体炎(chronic crypt tonsillitis)

扁桃体角化症(keratosis of tonsil)

扁桃体症状性肥大(symptomatic hypertrophy of tonsil)

扁桃体肥大性聋(throat deafness)

扁桃体周围脓肿(脓性蜂窝组织炎性咽峡炎;喉痈)(peritonsillar abscess)

扁桃体切除术禁忌证(contraindication of tonsillectomy)

扁桃体切除术剥离法(dissection method of tonsillectomy)

扁桃体切除术挤切法(guillotine method of tonsillectomy)

增殖体肥大(咽扁桃体肥大;腺样体肥大)(adenoidal hypertr ophy;adenoid vegetation)

腺样体面容(adenoidal hypertrophy face)

急性舌扁桃体炎(acute lingual tonsillitis)

慢性舌扁桃体炎(舌扁桃体肥大)(chronic lingual tonsillitis;hypertrophy of lingual tonsil)

急性咽扁桃体炎(急性腺样体炎)(acute adenoiditis;pharyngotonsillitis;pharyngo-amygdalitis)

鼻咽部经口硬管内窥镜检查(examination of nasopharynx peroral rigid endoscope)

扁桃体脓肿(实质性扁桃体炎)(abscess of tonsil)

咽后脓肿(retropharyngeal abscess)

慢性咽后脓肿(结核性咽后脓肿)(chronic retropharyngeal abscess)

急性化脓性咽后脓肿(acute suppurative retropharyngeal abscess)

咽旁间隙蜂窝织炎(cellulitis of parapharyngeal space)

咽旁间隙脓肿(parapharyngeal abscess)

增殖体刮匙(adenoid curette)

增殖体切除刀(adenotome)

增殖体切除器(adenotome;lymphotome)

增殖体切除术(adenoidectomy)

功能性失音(function aphonia)

鼻咽部经鼻硬管内窥镜检查(examination of nasopharynx transnasal rigid endoscope)

轮状肌性隆起(Passavant嵴)(Passavant ridge)

瓣状关闭(valvular closure)

括约状关闭(spincteric closure)

电鼻咽镜(electric nasopharyngoscope)

鼻咽内镜(nasopharyngeal endoscopy)

咽镜(pharyngoscope)

三凹症(tridepression sign)

气管切开术(tracheotomy)

气管切开术紧急(tracheotomy emergency)

气管切开术永久性(tracheotomy permanent)

气管切开术常规(tracheotomy routine)

气管造口(tracheostoma)

开放性喉外伤(patent larynx trauma)

构音困难(dyslalia)

失语症(aphasia)

口吃(stuttering)

发音困难(dysphonia)

功能性发音困难(function dysphonia)

室带性发音困难(plicae ventricularis dysphonia)

新生儿室带性发音困难(neonate plicae ventricularis dysphonia)

喉白斑病(larynx leucoplakia)

角化病(keratosis)

喉外伤(larynx trauma)

闭合性喉外伤(occlusion larynx trauma)

喉室(Morgagni ventricle)

喉损伤性肉芽肿(larynx injury granuloma)

舌会厌谷(glossepiglottic vallecula)

舌会厌皱襞(glossoepiglottic fold)

后连合(posterior commissure)

会厌软骨(epiglottic cartilage)

会厌结节(epiglottic tubercle)

甲会厌肌(thyreoepiglottic muscle)

杓肌(arytenoid muscle)

杓会厌肌(hitlons muscle)

声带肌(vocalis muscle)

环甲肌(cricothyreoideus muscle)

环杓后肌(cricoarytaenoideus poster muscle)

环杓侧肌(cricoarytaenoideus lateralis muscle)

环甲关节(cricothyroid ioint)

环杓环状软骨板(crico-arytenoid)

环杓关节(articulation cricoarytenoidea)

喉前庭(vestibulum laryngis)

喉腔(larynx cavity)

声门(glottis)

声门下区(subglottic area)

声时(vocal time)

声带(Vocal cords)

声带内注射(vocal cords injection)

声带突(vocal process)

室皱襞(ventricular fold)

声带腱(vocal tendon)

杓会厌皱襞(aryepiglottic fold)

甲杓肌(thyreoarytaenoideus muscle)

杓间肌(arytaenoidous muscle)

杓状软骨(arytenoid cartilage)

Reinke间隙(Reinke space)

环甲膜(crico-thyreoidea membrana)

发音管(phonation tube)

甲状软骨(thyroid cartilage)

甲状软骨切迹(thyroid notch)

环状软骨(cricoid cartilage)

楔状软骨(cuneiform cartilage)

小角软骨(corniculate cartilage)

呼吸困难(dyspnea)

吸气性呼吸困难(inspiratory dyspnea)

呼气性呼吸困难(expiratory dyspnea)

混合性呼吸困难(mixed dyspnea)

人工咽瘘法(artificial pharyngo-fistula)

人工喉(artificial larynx)

咽音(pharyngo-voice)

食管音(oesophageal voice)

喉与呼吸道烧伤(laryngeal and respiratory tract burn)

气管造口狭窄(tracheostoma stenosis)

喉狭窄(laryngeal stenosis)

前连合(anterior commissure)

前庭裂(rima vestibular)

喉上神经(superior laryngeal nerve)

喉返神经(recurrent laryngeal nerve)

喉上动脉(superior laryngeal artery)

喉下动脉(inferior laryngeal artery)

喉结核(laryngeal tuberculosis)

声带小结(vocal nodules)

局限性声带息肉(local vocalcord polyp)

弥漫声带息肉(diffuse vocalcord polyp)

喉乳头状瘤(larynx papilloma)

芽生菌病(blastomycosis)

声皱襞(vocal fold)

间接喉镜检查法(indirect laryngoscopy examination)

直接喉镜检查法(direct laryngoscopy examination)

纤维喉镜检查法(fibralaryngoscopy examination)

显微喉镜检查法(microlaryngoscopy examination)

动态喉镜检查法(stroboscopy examination)

喉水肿(laryngeal oedema)

急性喉气管支气管炎(acute laryngotracheobronchitis)

急性声门下喉炎(acute subglottic laryngitis)

急性会厌炎(acute epiglottitis)

急性喉炎(acute laryngitis)

慢性喉炎(chronic laryngitis)

成人喉痉挛(adult laryngspasm)

喉肌无力(myasthenia laryngis)

喉鸣(laryngeal stridor)

声音嘶哑(hoarseness)

先天性声门下梗阻(congenital subglottic obstruction)

喉异物(larynx foreign body)

吞咽困难(dysphagia)

喉阻塞(laryngeal obstruction)

喉晕厥(laryngeal syncope)

喉痉挛(laryngspasm)

双侧环杓后肌瘫痪(bilateral cricoarytaenoideus posterior muscle paralysis)

小儿喉痉挛(pediatric laryngspasm)

喉蹼(laryngeal web)

声带接触性溃疡(vocalis contact ulcer)

喉感觉过敏(laryngeal hyperesthesia)

喉感觉异常(laryngeal paresthesia)

喉感觉丧失(laryngeal anesthesia)

喉感觉减退(laryngeal hypoesthesia)

杓间肌瘫痪(麻痹)(interarytenoid muscle paralysis)

环杓侧肌瘫痪(clicoary taenoideus lateralis muscle paralysis)

单侧环杓后肌瘫痪(unilateral cricoarytaenoideus posterior muscle paralysis)

声门癌(glottic carcinoma)

声带瘫痪(vocalis paralysis)

特发性声带瘫痪(idiopathic vocalis paralysis)

联合性声带瘫痪(union vocalis paralysis)

环甲肌瘫痪(cricothyreoideus muscle paralysis)

甲杓肌瘫痪(thyreoarytaenoideus muscle paralysis)

喉原位癌(laryngeal preinvasive carcinoma)

会厌癌(epiglottic carcinoma)

声门上癌(supraglottic carcinoma)

声门下癌(subglottic carcinoma)

喉上神经阻滞法(larynges superior block)

喉室癌(laryngis ventriculus carcinma)

室带癌(ventricular band carcinoma)

喉裂开术(laryngofissure)

半喉切除术(hemilaryngectomy)

声门上半喉切除术(supraglottic hemilaryngectomy)

垂直半喉切除术(vertical hemilaryngectomy)

前额面半喉切除术(anterior-frontal hemilaryngectomy)

全喉切除术(total laryngectomy)

喉气管成形术(laryngotraecheal plastic operation)

环杓关节固定术(articulation cricoarytenoidea immobilization)

气管支气管化学性创伤(trache-bronchus chemical trauma)

支气管(bronchus)

支气管镜(bronchoscope)

Jackson式支气管镜(Jackson bronchoscope)

Negus式支气管镜(Negus bronchoscope)

气道(airway)

气管(trachea)

颈段气管伤(neck trachea trauma)

气管食管瘘(tracheo-esophageal fistula)

气管烧伤(trachea burn)

瘢痕性气管狭窄(scar tracheostenosis)

食管开放性创伤(esophagus open trauma)

食管恶性肿瘤(esophagus malignant neoplasm)

气管支气管机械性创伤(trache-bronchus mechanical trauma)

气管支气管物理性创伤(trache-bronchus physical trauma)

气管支气管异物(trachebronchial foreign body)

食管异物(esophageal foreign body)

食管镜(esophagoscopy)

食管瘢痕性狭窄(esophagus cicatrical stricture)

食管穿孔或破裂(esophagus perforation or rupture)

食管憩室(esophagus diverticula)

食管炎(esophagitis)

食管贲门痉挛(esophagus cardiospasm)

食管良性肿瘤(esophagus benign neoplasm)

筛蝶气房(ethmosphenoid cell)

鼻额突(nasofrontal process)

前脑泡(forebrain vesicle)

嗅基板(嗅始基)(olfactory placode)

嗅凹(鼻凹)(offactory pit)

鼻外突(lateral process)

鼻内突(His球突)(medial process)

球突(globular process)

上颌突(maxillary process)

嗅囊(鼻囊)(olfactory sac)

麦克尔软骨(Meckel cartilage)

吕切软骨(Reichert cartilage)

颊鼻膜(bucconasal membrane)

鼻眼沟(nasocular furrow)

鼻泪管(lacrimonasal canal)

鼻道(nasal meatus)

鼻丘(agger nasi)

上颌窦始基(上颌窦陷窝)(lacuna of genyantrum)

筛迷路(cribral labyrinth)

筛上颌气房(ethmomaxillary cell)

筛额气房(ethmofrontal cell)

鼻横肌(musculus transversus ansi)

筛甲气房(ethmoturbinal cell)

蝶窦始基(sphenoidal placode)

鼻(nose)

外鼻(鼻锥体)(external nose;nasal pyramid)

前鼻孔(anterior naris)

内侧脚(medial crura)

外侧脚(lateral crura)

鼻底(basis nasi)

鼻尖(nasal apex)

鼻根(nasal root)

鼻梁(nasal bridge)

鼻背(nasal dorsum)

鼻翼(ala nasi)

鼻小柱(columella nasi)

鼻前庭(vestibulum nasi)

鼻毛(vibrissae)

鼻阈(内孔)(limen nasi)

鼻缘(margo nasi)

内孔区(ostium internum)

鼻腔(nasal cavity)

鼻孔扩张肌(musculus dilator naris)

降眉间肌(musculus procerus)

上唇方肌(musculus quadratus albii superioris)

下鼻道(inferior meatus)

降鼻中隔肌(musculus depressor septi)

降鼻翼肌(musculus depressor alae nasi)

鼻睫神经(nasociliary nerve)

眶下神经(infraorbital nerve)

内眦动脉(arteria angularis)

鼻背动脉(dorsonasal arteria)

颅内海绵窦(intracranial cavernous sinus)

鼻骨(nasal bones)

侧鼻软骨(lateral nasal cartilage)

大翼软骨(greater alar cartilage)

籽状软骨(sesamoid cartilage)

小翼软骨(alae nasi parva)

鼻中隔软骨(septal cartilage)

犁鼻软骨(vomer cartilagineus)

上颌骨鼻切迹(incisura nasalis maxillae)

额骨鼻切迹(frontonasal incisura)

筛骨正中板(ethmo-mid plate)

鼻尖隐窝(nasal apex recess)

前鼻孔(anterior nares)

鼻唇沟(nasolabial groove)

切牙管(鼻腭管)(canalis incisivus;nasopalatine canal)

中鼻道(middle meatus)

上鼻道(superior meatus)

总鼻道(common meatus)

嗅沟(嗅裂)(olfactory sulcus)

鼻咽鼻道(nasopharyngeal meatus)

后鼻孔(posterior nares)

后鼻沟(sulcus nasi posterior)

额嵴(frontal crest)

鼻骨嵴(nasal bone crest)

蝶嘴(rostrum sphenoidale)

犁骨(vomer)

鼻腭沟(nasopalatine groove)

上颌骨(maxilla bone)

上颌骨额突(palatine process of maxilla)

腭骨(palatal bone)

最上鼻道(supreme nasal meatus)

下鼻甲骨(inferior turbinate)

中鼻甲(middle turbinate)

中鼻甲基板(basal lamella of middle turbinate)

上鼻甲(superior turbinate)

蝶骨(sphenoidale)

蝶腭孔(sphenopalatine forament)

筛骨(ethmoid)

额筛泡(ethmofrontal bulla)

筛骨筛状板(lamina cribrosa)

筛骨水平板(筛板)(horizontal plate of ethmoid bone)

筛前孔(anterior ethmoid foramen)

筛后孔(posterior enthmoid foramen)

鼻额管(frontonasal duct)

梨状孔(pyriform aperture)

最上鼻甲(蝶骨鼻甲)(highest nasal trubinate)

筛动脉(cribral artery)

蝶筛隐窝(sphenoethmoid recess)

半月裂(semilunar hiatus)

钩突(uncinate process)

鼻额峡(nasofrontal isthus)

筛泡(ethmoid bulla)

筛漏斗(ethmoidal infundibulum)

额隐窝(frontal recess)

眶下裂(fissura orbitalis inferior)

眶下沟(sulcus infraorbitalis)

泪囊窝(fossa sacci lacrimalis)

鼻道窦口复合体(窦口通道区)(nasal meatal sinus aperture complex)

嗅区(olfactory region)

嗅腺(olfactory gland)

呼吸区(respiratory region)

蝶腭动脉(sphenopalatine artery)

鼻腭动脉(蝶腭动脉内侧支)(nasopalatine artery)

眼神经(ophthalmic nerve)

腭降动脉(arteria palatina descendens)

上牙槽后动脉(arteria alveolaris maxillaris posterior)

鼻后外侧动脉(lateral posterior nasal arteries)

鼻后中隔动脉(posterior nasal septal arteries)

眶下动脉(infraobital artery)

腭大动脉(greater palatine artery)

上牙槽前动脉(arteriae alveolares maxillares anteriores)

鼻背动脉(arteria dorsalis nasi)

上唇动脉(arteria labialis superior)

海绵状血窦(cavernous sinusoids)

动静脉吻合(arteriovenous anastomosis)

眼动脉(ophthalmic artery)

上颌动脉(internal maxillary artery)

面动脉(arteria facialis)

鼻的静脉(nasal veins)

鼻的淋巴(nasal lymph)

滑车上神经(supratrochlear nerve)

滑车下神经(infratrochlear nerve)

蝶腭神经(sphenopalatine nerve)

筛前、筛后神经(anterior or posterior ethmoid nerve)

后组鼻窦(posterior nasal sinuses)

额神经(frontal nerve)

腭前神经(腭大神经)(anterior palatine nerve)

嗅神经(olfactory nerves)

嗅簇(olfactory tract)

嗅球(olfactory bulb)

嗅膜(olfactory membrane)

嗅毛(olfactory hairs;olfactory cilia)

鼻交感神经(nasal sympathetic nerve)

鼻副交感神经(nasal parasympathetic nerve)

自主神经(autonomic nerves)

颈内动脉丛(internal carotid plexus)

岩深神经(deep petrosal nerve)

翼管神经(vidian nerve)

中间神经(intermediary nerve)

膝状神经节(geniculate ganglion)

岩浅大神经(greater superficial nerve)

翼腭窝(fossa pterygopalatina)

蝶腭神经节(Meckel神经节)(sphenopalatine ganglion)

鼻窦(副鼻窦;鼻旁窦)(nasal sinuses;accessory nasal sinuses;paranasal sinuses)

前组鼻窦(anterior nasal sinuses)

筛小凹(foveola ethmoidea ossis frontalis)

上颌窦(maxillary sinus)

尖牙窝(canine fossa)

眶下孔(suborbital foramen)

颞下窝(infratemperal fossa)

眶下管(infraorbital canal)

上颌窦裂孔(hiatus maxillaris)

牙槽隐窝(alveolar recess)

上颌窦开口(maxillary ostium)

上颌窦副口(maxillary accessory ostium)

上颌窦腔内骨隔(intracavity scleroseptum of maxillary)

纸样板(lamina papyracea)

筛窦开口(ethmoid apertures)

额窦(frontal sinus)

蝶窦开口(sphenoid sinus apertures)

额鼻管(鼻额管)(frontonasal duct)

额泡(frontal bulla)

额窦开口(ostium frontale)

筛窦(ethmoid sinuses)

前组筛窦(anterior ethmoid cells)

后组筛窦(posterior ethmoid cells)

鼻音(rhinolalia;nasality)

蝶窦(sphenoid sinus)

蝶筛隐窝(sphenoethmoid recess)

骨性蝶窦中隔(septum sinus sphenoidalium)

眶上切迹(incisura supraorbitalis)

鼻瓣(流量节制段)(nasal valve)

鼻周期(nasal cycle)

温度调节作用(air conditioning)

湿度调节作用(humidification)

热湿回收作用(retrieving temperature and humidity act)

黏液毯(mucous blanket)

层流(laminar flow)

紊流(turbulent flow)

黏液纤毛系统(mucociliary system)

嗅阈(嗅觉敏度)(olfactory threshold)

鼻溢液(鼻漏)(aporrbinosis)

闭塞性鼻音(rhinolalia clausa)

开放性鼻音(rhinolalia aperta)

鼻泪道(lacrimonasal canal)

鼻泪管皱襞(lacrimal fold)

喷嚏(sterntatio)

鼻肺反射(nasopulmonary reflex)

鼻睫反射(nasocilliary reflex)

前鼻镜检查(anterior rhinoscopy)

后鼻镜检查(posterior rhinoscopy)

上颌窦镜(antroscope)

透照法(transillumination)

鼻腔压力差(transnasal pressure drop)

鼻测压法(rhinomanometry)

鼻声反射测量法(acoustic rhinometry)

嗅觉诱发电位测定(olfactory evoked potentials)

鼻声图仪(nasometer)

红外热像描记法(infrared thermography)

头疼(cephalalgia)

鼻阻塞(rhinocleisis)

下鼻甲药物烧灼法(infraturbinal medicine scorch)

脑脊液鼻漏(cerebrospinal rhinorrhea)

鼻出血(鼻衄)(epistaxis)

黎氏丛(动脉丛;克氏丛)(Little aera)

吴氏鼻咽静脉丛(Woodruff naso-nasopharyngeal venous plexus)

肾上腺素(adrenaline)

麻黄素(ephedrine)

氨基庚烷(tuaminoheptane)

奈芙唑啉(naphazoline)

可卡因(cocaine)

普鲁卡因(procaine)

的卡因(dicaine)

赛罗卡因(xylocaine)

鼻腔用药法(mycteric medicaments method)

鼻腔灌洗法(mycteric irrigation)

鼻腔内药栓法(mycteric absorbent cotton)

药物渗透法(medicine osmosis)

下鼻甲电凝固术(infraturbinal electrocoagulation)

下鼻甲注射法(infraturbinal injecting)

普鲁卡因封闭疗法(procain blocking)

鼻窦正负压置换疗法(displacement therapy)

鼻窦穿刺冲洗法(puncture and aspiration of maxillary sinus)

透热疗法(diathermy)

超高频电场疗法(超短波电疗法)(diathermy of ultrahigy frequency electric field)

红外线疗法(infrared ray diathermy)

紫外线疗法(ultraviolet ray diathermy)

超声波疗法(ultrasonic diathermy)

电离子透入法(diathermy of electric ion osmosis)

下鼻甲电灼术(infraturbinal electrocautery)

鼻翼萎陷(collapse of ala nasi)

鼻腔冷冻疗法(nasal cryotherapy)

鼻射频治疗术(therapy of radio frequency in nose)

鼻微波凝固术(nasal microwave coagulation)

鼻畸形(nasal malformation)

唇裂(cleft lip)

斜面裂(口面沟)(oblique facial cleft)

额外鼻孔(extranasal pit)

双鼻畸形(doubling of nose)

钮形鼻(button-like nose)

管形鼻(tubular proboscis-like nose)

驼鼻(hump nose)

先天性鼻尖畸形(congenital malformation of apex nasi)

歪鼻(wry nose)

鞍鼻(saddle nose)

先天性外鼻缺损(congenital nasal coloboma)

鼻裂畸形(diastematorrhinia)

先天性皮样囊肿及瘘管(congenital cutaneous cyst and fistula)

先天性鼻赘(congenital rhinophyma)

眶底爆折(blow-out fracture)

鼻骨发育畸形(nasal bone dysplasia)

先天性前鼻孔闭锁(congenital atresia of anterior naris)

先天性后鼻孔闭锁(congenital atresia of posterior nares)

鼻窦发育畸形(nasal sinus displasia)

鼻小柱过宽(wide columella)

鼻部脑膜脑膨出(nasal meningo-encephalocele)

鼻骨骨折(fracture of nasal bone)

额窦骨折(metopantrum fracture)

蝶窦骨折(sphenoidal fracture)

筛窦骨折(ethmoidal fracture)

颧骨骨折(zygomatic fracture)

鼻中隔偏曲(deviation of nasal septum)

眶尖综合征(orbital apex syndrome)

上颌骨横行骨折(Le Fort Ⅰ;Guérin fracture)

上颌骨锥行骨折(Le Fort Ⅱ)

颅面分离骨折(Le Fort Ⅲ)

鼻疖肿(furuncle of nose)

鼻前庭炎(vestibulitis of nose)

鼻前庭湿疹(eczema of nasal vestibule)

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)

丹毒(erysipelas)

寻常痤疮(acne vulgaris)

酒渣鼻(rosacea)

鼻赘疣(rhinophyma)

鼻硬结病(rhinoscleroma)

结构性鼻炎(structural rhinitis)

慢性单纯性鼻炎(simple chronic rhinitis)

鼻中隔黏膜下矫正术(submucous correction of nasal

septum)

鼻中隔黏膜下切除术(submucous resection of nasal septum)

转门法手术(swing-door method for the deviation of anterior septal cartilage)

鼻中隔穿孔(perforation of nasal septum)

鼻中隔穿孔修补术(repair of nasal septal perforation)

鼻中隔溃疡(鼻中隔糜烂)(sore of nasal septum)

鼻中隔血肿(haematoma of nasal septum)

鼻中隔脓肿(abscess of nasal septum)

鼻腔异物(foreign bodies of nasal cavity)

鼻石(nasal concretion)

鼻腔牙(异位牙)(mycteric tooth)

急性鼻炎(普通感冒;伤风)(acute rhinitis)

症状性鼻炎(symptomatic rhinitis)

假膜性鼻炎(pseudomembranous rhinitis)

隐蔽性鼻窦炎(occult sinusitis)

慢性肥厚性鼻炎(chronic hypertrophic rhinitis)

萎缩性鼻炎(臭鼻症;慢性臭性鼻炎;硬化性鼻炎)(atrophic rhinitis)

干燥性鼻炎(arid rhinitis)

干酪性鼻炎鼻窦炎(干酪性臭鼻症;胆脂瘤性鼻炎,鼻胆脂瘤)(rhinitis caseosa)

化脓性鼻窦炎(suppurative sinusitis)

急性卡他性鼻窦炎(acute catarrhal sinusitis)

急性上颌窦炎(acute maxillary sinusitis)

急性筛窦炎(acute ethmoiditis)

急性额窦炎(acute frontal sinusitis)

急性蝶窦炎(acute sphenoiditis)

儿童鼻窦炎(sinusitis in children)

慢性鼻窦炎(chronic sinusitis)

多鼻窦炎(polysinusitis)

全鼻窦炎(pansinusitis)

慢性卡他性鼻窦炎(chronic catarrhal sinusitis)

鼻窦周围炎(perisinusitis)

上颌窦根治术(Caldwell-Luc operation)

干性鼻窦炎(dry sinusitis)

鼻衄(鼻出血)(nosebleed)

鼻腔填塞术(nasal packing)

后鼻孔填塞术(postnasal packing)

鼻咽填塞术(nasopharyngeal packing)

颈外动脉结扎术(ligation of external carotid artery)

筛动脉结扎术(ligation of ethmoidal artery)

上唇动脉结扎术(ligation of superior labial artry)

经上颌窦上颌动脉结扎术(ligation of maxillary artery per maxillary sinus)

习惯性鼻出血(反复性鼻衄;特发性鼻衄;顽固性鼻衄)(habitual nosebleed)

上颌窦鼻内开窗术(intranasal window operation of maxillary sinus)

鼻甲切除术(conchotomy)

下鼻甲骨黏膜下切除术(submucous resection of inferior turbinate)

萎缩性鼻炎手术(surgery of atrophic rhinitis)

鼻腔外侧壁内移加固定术(inward mobilization and fixation of the nasoantral wall of nose)

前鼻孔部分或完全闭合术(partial or total closure of the nostrits)

航空性鼻窦炎(aerosinusitis)

邓蔻手术(Denker operation)

巴肯手术(Ballenger-Canfield operation)

急性牙源性上颌窦炎(acute tooth genyantritis)

慢性牙源性上颌窦炎(chronic tooth genyantritis)

急性化脓性鼻窦炎(acute suppurative sinusitis)

慢性化脓性鼻窦炎(chronic suppurative sinusitis)

Hajeck-Luc额窦手术法(Hajeck-Luc metopantrum surgery)

Killian额窦手术法(Killian metopantrum surgery)

Lynch额窦手术法(Lynch metopantrum surgery)

鼻内筛窦切除术(intranasal ethmoidectomy)

鼻外筛窦切除术(external ethmoidectomy)

额窦钻孔术(terphine opening of fromtal sinus)

鼻内额窦切开术(intranasal frontal sinusotomy)

鼻外额窦切开术(external frontal sinusotomy)

唇下扩大切口(extend sublabial incision)

功能性内窥镜鼻窦外科(functional endoscopic sinus surgery)

鼻源性脑脓肿(nasal brain abscess)

鼻息肉(nasal polyp)

上颌骨骨髓炎(osteomyelitis of maxilla)

额骨骨髓炎(osteomyelitis of coronale)

筛骨骨髓炎(osteomyelitis of ethmoid)

蝶骨骨髓炎(osteomyelitis of sphenoidale)

眶骨壁骨炎及骨膜炎(orbital inflammatory edema)

眶壁骨膜下脓肿(subperiosteal orbital abscess)

蝶骨裂综合征(眶尖综合征)(orbital apex syndrome)

眶内蜂窝织炎(orbital cellulitis)

硬膜外脓肿(epidural abscess)

硬脑膜下脓肿(subdural abscess)

鼻源性脑膜炎(nasal meningitis)

海绵窦血栓性静脉炎(thrombophlebitis of cavernous sinus)

鼻孢子虫病(rhinosporidiosis)

眶壁骨膜下脓肿(subperiosteal orbital abscess)

眶上裂综合征(superior orbital fissure syndrome)

球后视神经炎(retrobulbar opticneuritis)

变态反应性鼻炎(变应性鼻炎)(allergic rhinitis)

花粉病(季节性变态反应性鼻炎;枯草热)(pollenosis)

常年性变态反应性鼻炎(perennial allergic rhinitis)

血管运动性鼻炎(vasomotor rhinitis)

鼻结核(nasal tuberculosis)

鼻寻常狼疮(nasal common lupus)

鼻硬结病(rhinoscleroma)

鼻念珠菌病(鹅口疮)(candidiasis)

球孢子菌病(rhinosporidiosis)

北美芽生菌病(North America blastomycosis)

南美芽生菌病(South America blastomycosis)

烟色绋状菌病(aspergillus fumigatus)

黑色绋状菌病(sapergillus niger)

孢子丝菌病(sporotrichosis)

上颌窦黏液腺储留囊肿(mucocele of maxillary sinus)

放线菌病(actinomycosis)

鼻疽(farcinia)

鼻源性头疼(rhinogenous cephalalgia)

筛前神经综合征(筛前神经痛;嗅沟综合征)(anterior ethmoid syndrome)

蝶腭神经节神经痛(下半部头痛)(sphenopalatine ganglion neuralgia)

翼管神经痛(neuralgia of vidian nerve)

三叉神经痛(prosopalgia)

嗅素(嗅刺激素)(olfactory material)

嗅神经系统(olfactory nerve system)

呼吸性嗅觉减退和缺失(peno-baryodmia and anodmia)

简单嗅觉检查法(simple olfactory examination)

嗅觉计检查法(odorimeter examination)

静脉嗅觉检查法(venous olfactory examination)

嗅觉障碍(smell disturbance)

感受性嗅觉减退和缺失(sensory baryodmia and anodmia)

嗅觉过敏(hyperosphresia)

嗅觉倒错(heterosmia)

错嗅与幻嗅(heterosmia and olfactory hallucination)

恶嗅觉(cacosmia)

内翻性移行性细胞乳头状瘤(inverted transitional cell papilloma)

上颌窦浆液囊肿(serous cyst ofmaxillary sinus)

正中囊肿(mediopalatine cyst)

鼻腭囊肿(nasopalatine cyst)

球颌囊肿(globulomaxillary cyst)

鼻前庭囊肿(nasal vestibular cyst)

含牙囊肿(dentigerous cyst)

牙周囊肿(peridental cyst)

面部裂隙囊肿(facial cleft cyst)

球上颌或唇裂囊肿(globumaxillary or lip and palate cleft cyst)

鼻前庭囊肿(nasal vestibular cyst)

皮样囊肿(畸胎瘤)(epidermoid cyst)

乳头状瘤(papilloam)

角化型乳头状瘤(鼻前庭疣)(keratotic papilloma)

外生性移行细胞乳头状瘤(柱状细胞乳头状瘤)(exophytic transitional cell papilloma)

骨纤维异常增殖症(osteodysplasia fibrosa)

腺瘤(adenoma)

黏液瘤(mucous tumor)

平滑肌瘤(tumor of smooth muscle)

毛细血管瘤(单纯性血管瘤)(capillary hemangioma)

海绵状血管瘤(cavernous hemangioma)

淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma)

血管淋巴瘤(angio-lymphma)

血管内皮细胞瘤(hemangioendothelioma)

血管外皮细胞瘤(hemangiopericytoma)

纤维血管瘤(血管纤维瘤)(fibrohemangioma)

软骨瘤(chondroma)

巨细胞瘤(giant-cell tumor)

骨瘤(osteoma)

基底细胞癌(basal-cell carcinoma)

神经鞘膜瘤(neurilemmoma)

鼻神经胶质瘤(nasal glioma)

嗅神经上皮瘤(olfactory neuroblastoma)

化学感受器瘤(chemodectoma)

脑膜瘤(tumor of meninx)

脊索瘤(chordoma)

鼻侧切开(Moure incision)

上颌骨切除术(maxillectomy)

上颌骨切除术切口(Weber-Fergusson incision)

鼻根部T型切口(Presinger incision)

额窦手术外切口(Killian or Lynch incision)

唇下侧切口(Denker incision)

Corti器(Corti organ)

鼻腔恶性肿瘤(mycteric malignant neoplasm)

恶性黑瘤(melanoma)

上颌窦恶性肿瘤(genyantrum maliganat neoplasm)

翼腭窝综合征(Trotter syndrom)

筛窦恶性肿瘤(malignant neoplasm of ethmoid sinus)

恶性肉芽肿(malignant granuloma)

Stewart型恶性肉芽肿病(Stewart malignant granuloma)

Wegener型恶性肉芽肿病(Wegener malignant granuloma)

耳解剖学(ear anatomy)

Claudius细胞(Claudius cell)

锤外侧韧带(lateral ligament of malleus)

Deiters细胞(Deiters Cell)

Hensen细胞(Heusen cell)

K?rner隔(K?rner septum)

Müller器(茂勒氏器)(Müller organ)

Nuel间隙(Nuel space)

Oort神经(Oort nerve)

Rivinus切迹(鼓切迹)(Rivinus incisura)

Santorini裂(Santorini cleft)

Voit神经(Voit nerve)

半规管(semicircular canal)

背侧听纹(dorsal auditory stripe)

表皮板(cuticular plate)

匙突(cochleariform process)

锤骨(malleus)

锤骨柄(manubrium)

锤骨长突(folius process;anterior malleolar process)

锤骨短突(short malleolar process)

锤骨前窝(anterior pouch of malleus)

锤骨皱襞(fold of mslleus)

锤前韧带(anterior ligament of malleus)

锤上韧带(superior ligament of malleus)

耳轮脚(crus helicis)

锤砧关节(incudo-malleolar joint)

达尔文节(Darwinian tubercle)

岛区(insular area)

道上棘(suprameatal spine)

第二鼓膜(the second ear drum)

第二听区(the second auditory area)

第三听区(the third auditory area)

第一听区(the primary auditory area)

盯聍腺(ceruminous gland)

顶盲端(cupula cecum)

动纤毛(kinocilia)

动眼神经核(oculomotor nucleus)

豆状突(lenticular process)

对耳轮(antihelix)

耳垂(lobule)

耳大神经(nervus auricularis magnum)

耳后肌(musculus auricularis posterior)

耳后韧带(posterior auricular ligament)

耳壶(ampulla)

耳甲(concha)

耳甲腔(concha cavum)

耳甲艇(concha cymba)

耳界切迹(terminal incisura of ear)

耳轮(helix)

耳轮大肌(musculus helicis major)

耳轮棘(spine of helix;spinahelicis)

感受器细胞(receptor cell)

耳轮尾(cauda helicis)

耳轮小肌(musculus helicis minor)

耳屏(tragus)

耳屏肌(musculus tragicus)

耳屏间切迹(intertragic notch)

耳前肌(musculus auricularis anterior)

耳前韧带(anterior auricular ligament)

耳上肌(auricularis superior musculus)

耳石(otolith)

扁平耳石(sagitta otolith)

星状耳石(asteriscus otolith)

耳石膜(otolithic membrane)

耳蜗(cochlea)

耳蜗导水管(aquaedutus cochleae)

先天性耳前瘘管(congenital pre-auricular fistula)

耳蜗前核(cochlearis anterior dorsalis)

耳蜗神经(cochlear nerve)

耳蜗小管(cochlear aqueduct)

覆膜(tectorial membrane)

腹侧听纹(ventral auditory stria)

盖骨(operculum)

盖网(tectorial net)

鼓膜张肌(tensor tympani muscle)

弓状带(arcuata zona)

鼓唇(tympanic labium)

鼓沟(tympanic groove)

鼓后棘(posterior tympanic spine)

鼓后峡(posterior tympanic isthmus)

鼓环(tympanic ring)

鼓阶(scala tympani)

鼓膜(tympanic membrane)

鼓膜后隐窝(von Tr?ltsch posterior pouch)

鼓膜后皱襞(posterior tympanic fold)

鼓膜脐(umbo)

鼓膜前隐窝(von Tr?ltsch anterior pouch)

鼓膜前皱襞(anterior tympanic fold)

鼓膜上隐窝(Prussak pouch)

鼓膜松弛部(pars flaccida of tympanic membrane)

鼓膜凸(umbo)

鼓窦(typanoantrum)

鼓膜张肌管(canal of tensor tympani muscle)

鼓膜张肌腱(tensor tympani muscle tendon)

鼓前棘(anterior tympanic spine)

鼓前峡(anterior tympanic isthmus)

鼓切迹(tympanic incisure)

鼓乳裂(tympanomastoid fissure)

鼓室(tympanic cavity)

鼓室盖(tympanic roof)

鼓室隔(diaphragma of tympanic cavity)

鼓室腔(tympanic cavity)

鼓室上隐窝(epitympanic recess)

鼓室粘膜皱襞(tympanic mucosal fold)

鼓室窦(tympanic sinus)

鼓索神经(tympanic cord nerve)

鼓隐窝(tympanic recess)

鼓岬(tympanic promontory)

壶腹嵴帽(cupula ampullaris)

鼓窦盖(tympanoantral roof)

古壶嵴(neglacta)

古小脑(archicerebellum)

骨半规管(bony semicircular canal)

骨螺旋板(bony spiral lamina)

骨迷路(osseous labyrinty)

固有镫骨(stapes proper)

关节后突(posterior process of articulation)

关节结节(articular eminence)

横嵴(transverse ridge)

后联合核(postcommissural nucleus)

壶腹嵴(ampullary crest)

螺旋器的超微结构(ultrastructure of Corti organ)

壶腹嵴细胞(cupula ampullaris cell)

基底膜(basilar membrane)

肌咽鼓管(musculotubal canal)

胶体膜(colloid membrane)

茎乳孔(stylomastoid foramen)

茎突(styloid process)

颈动脉骨管(carotid canal)

颈动脉管外口(external orifice of carotid canal)

颈鼓小管(caroticotympanic canal)

颈静脉孔(jugular foramen)

颈静脉窝(jugular fossa)

颈神经节带状区(zoster zone of cervical ganglion)

静纤毛(stereocilia)

柯蒂淋巴(cortilymph)

柯蒂器(Corti organ)

柯蒂液(Corti fluid)

鳞鼓裂(squamotympanic fissure)

颅神经运动核(cranial nerve motor nuclei)

螺旋孔径(diameter of spiral foramen)

螺旋器(spiral organ;Corti organ)

膜迷路(membranous labyrinth)

螺旋器隧道(Corti tunnel)

螺旋韧带(spiral ligament)

螺旋神经节(spiral ganglion)

螺旋血管(spiral vessel)

螺旋缘(spiral limbus)

毛细胞(hair cell)

茂勒器(Müller organ)

美凯软骨(Meckel cartilage)

迷路动脉(labyrinthine artery)

迷路液(labyrinthine fluid)

迷走神经耳支(auricular branch of vagus nerve;Arnold nerve)

面神经耳支(auricular branch of facial nerve)

面神经管(facial canal)

面神经裂孔(hiatus of facial canal)

面神经隐窝(facial recess)

膜半规管(membranous semicircular canal)

膜壶腹(membranous ampullea)

内柱细胞(inner piller cell)

膜蜗管(membranous cochlear duct)

囊斑细胞(utriculi and sacculi macular cells)

内侧膝状体(medial geniculate body)

外耳门(external acoustic foramen)

内耳(inner ear)

内耳道(internal acoustic meatus)

内耳淋巴液(lymphatic fluid of inner ear)

内耳螺旋器(spiral organ of inner ear)

内耳门(internal acoustic port)

内淋巴(endolymph)

内淋巴管(endolymphatic duct)

内淋巴囊(endolymphatic sac)

内螺旋沟(internal spiral sulcus)

内隧道(inner tunnel)

内膝状体(medial geniculate body)

内陷管(invagination duct)

内指突细胞(inner phalangeal cell)

内指细胞(inner phalangeal cell)

前庭下核(inferior vestibular nucleus)

皮层听区(auditory cortex)

瓶囊(lagena)

前庭(vestibula)

前庭窗(vestibular window)

前庭导水管(aqueduct of vestibule)

前庭感受器(vestibular sensory organ;vestibular receptor)

前庭脊髓核(vestibulo-spinal nuclei)

前庭降束核(nuclei of vestibulo-descending tract)

前庭阶(scala vestibula)

前庭膜(vestibular membrane)

前庭内侧核(medial vestibular nucleus)

前庭内核(medial vestibular nucleus)

前庭器(vestibular organ)

前庭上核(superior vestibular nucleus)

前庭神经(vestibular nerve)

前庭神经节(vestibular ganglion)

前庭外侧核(lateral vestibular nucleus)

前庭外核(lateral vestibular nucleus)

前庭蜗支(vestibulocochlear branch)

疏忽斑(macula neglecta)

前庭小管(lesser duct of vestibule)

前庭小脑束(vestibulocerebellar tract)

前庭支(vestibular branch)

前庭嵴(crest of vestibule)

球囊(saccule)

球囊斑(macula sacculi)

绒球前庭束(floccular-vestibular tract)

乳突(mastoid process)

乳突孔(mastoid foramen)

乳突切迹(mastoid motch)

乳突上嵴(supramastoid crest)

鳃器官(branchial organ)

三叉神经带状区(trigeminal zoster zone)

三角窝(triangular fossa)

上鼓室(epitympanum;recessus epitympanicus)

上筛斑(superior cribral macula;macula cribrosa superior)

上雪氏沟(suprasyvian fissure)

上橄榄核(nucleus olivaris superior)

嗜锇小棒(osmiophilic clava)

梳状带(pectinate zone)

位囊(stato-cyst)

四叠体下臂(inferior quadrigeminal arm)

听骨(auditory ossicles)

听骨链(ossicular chain)

听觉器官(auditory organ)

听觉小器(acoustic organ)

外耳道脱落细胞诊断法(external auditory canal exfoliative cytologic diagnosis)

椭圆囊(utricle)

椭圆囊斑(macula utriculi)

外侧丘核(lateral limniscus)

外侧丘系核(lemniscus lateralis nucleus)

外耳道软骨裂(fissure of external auditory canal cartilage)

外淋巴(perilymph)

外淋巴管(perilymphatic duct)

外淋巴间隙(perilymphatic space)

外遂道(outer tunnel)

外雪沟(exterosylvian fissure)

外雪回(exterosylvian gyrus)

外指细胞(external phalangeal cell)

外柱细胞(external pillar cell)

网状板(lamina reticularis)

韦氏器(Weber organ)

位觉斑(maculae staticae)

位觉砂(statoconia)

下丘核(nucleus of inferior colliculus)

位置感受器(topognosis receptor)

蜗窗(fenestra cochleae)

蜗窗膜(round window membrane)

蜗管(cochlear duct)

蜗孔(helicotrema)

蜗螺旋管(spiral canal of cochlea)

蜗神经(cochlear nerve)

蜗神经核(nuclei cochlear)

橄榄耳蜗束(olivocochlear bundle)

蜗神经末梢的解剖(anatomy of cochlear nerveending)

蜗隐窝(cochlear recess)

蜗支(cochlear branch)

蜗轴(cochlear axis)

窗后窝(fossula post fenestrae)

窗前裂(fissula ante fenestrae)

膝状神经带状区(geniculate ganglion zoster zone)

下鼓室(hypotympanum)

下核(inferior nucleus)

下丘(inferior colliculus)

下丘臂(brachium of inferior colliculus)

砧骨(incus)

下筛斑(macula cribrosa inferior)

小脑(cerebellum)

血管纹(stria vascularis)

血性上皮(hemoepithelium)

咽鼓管(eustachian tube;pharyngo-tympanic tube)

咽鼓管隆突(eustachian tubal prominence)

咽鼓管下气房(hypoeustachian tubal cell)

咽鼓管咽肌(musculus salpingopharyngeus)

咽鼓管咽皱襞(salpingopharyngeal fold)

咽鼓管腭皱襞(salpingopalatine fold)

岩鼓裂(petrotympanic fissure)

岩鳞裂(petrosquamosal fissure)

岩锥(petrous pyramid)

乙状(窦)沟(sigmoid(sinus)groove)

原始感觉细胞(primitive sensory cell)

缘带(marginal band)

缘细胞(marginal cell)

展神经核(abducent nucleus)

颞鳞(temporal squama)

砧骨上窝(supraincus recess)

砧骨窝(incus fossa)

砧骨下窝(infraincus recess)

砧骨皱襞(incus fold)

砧后韧带(incudis posterius ligment)

砧上韧带(incudis superius ligment)

中耳肌肉(middle ear muscle)

中鼓室(mesotympanum)

中介核(interstitial nucleus)

中筛斑(cribrosa media macula)

舟状窝(navicular fossa;scaphoid fossa)

柱细胞(pillar cell)

锥隆起(pyramidal prominence)

岬小脚(subiculum promontory)

岬小桥(ponticulus promontory)

嵴顶(cupula)

腭帆张肌(tensor veli palatini;palatosalpingeus muscle)

镫骨(stapes)

镫骨闭孔(stapedius obturator foramen)

镫骨环韧带(annular stapedis ligment)

镫骨肌(stapedius muscle)

镫骨肌突(stapedius process)

镫骨皱襞(stapedial fold)

颞骨解剖(anatomy of temporal bone)

耳蜗微音电位(cochlear microphonics)

颞线(temporal line)

本体感觉(proprioceptive sense)

比重改变学说(specific gravity change theory)

不应期(refragtory period)

侧线器(lateral line organ)

超重(overload)

传入性抑制(afferent inhibition)

大脑听觉中枢(cerebral acoustic center)

单纤维蜗神经电位(single cochlea nerve fiber potential)

单纤维蜗神经动作电位(single cochlea nerve fiber action potential)

弹性声抗(elastic reactance)

电位正总和(positive summating potential)

电音效应(electrophonics)

动作电位(action potential,AP)

鼓室变压结构(tympanic transformer structure)

耳蜗眼睑反射(cochleopalpebral reflex)

发生器电位(generator potential)

反射性收缩(reflex contraction)

泛音(overtone)

分离性眼震(dissociated nystabmus)

峰值(peak value)

复合波(complex wave)

负相电位(negative potential)

负性反馈(negative feedback)

负总和电位(negative summating potential)

感觉阈(sensation threshold)

感觉阈曲线(sensation threshold curve)

感抗(mass acoustic reactance)

共振(resonance)

构语(articulation)

回跌指数(roll over index)

鼓室音(tympanophonia)

鼓室增压功能(tympanic transformer function)

骨导(bone conduction)

压缩式骨导(compressional bone conduction)

移动式骨导(translatory bone conduction)

固有频率(intrinsic frequency)

黑视(blackout)

红视(red-out)

内淋巴电位(endolymphatic potential)

火车性眼震(railroad nystagmus)

基音(fundamental tone)

机械感受器(mechanical receptor)

简谐运动(simple harmonic motion)

剪刀运动(shearing motion)

节律性眼震(resilient nystagmus)

劲度声抗(stiffness acoustic reactance)

警惕性眼震(alerting nystagmus)

颈一眼反射(cervico-ocular reflex)

空间构型(spatial pattern)

美(Mel)

迷路性眼震(labyrinthine nystagmus)

内耳感音功能(perceptive function of inner ear)

内耳感音结构(perceptive structure of inner ear)

内耳听觉功能(auditory function of inner ear)

内耳压力突变学说(explosive theory of inner ear)

神经源性电位(neurogenic electric potential)

内余力(internal redundance)

凝视眼震(gaze nystagmus)

频率辨别阈(frequency discrimination threshold)

平衡器官(balance organ)

气导(air conduction)

前庭-眼反射(vestibulo-ocular reflex)

前庭动眼反射弧(vestibulo-ocular reflex)

前庭翻正反射(vestibule righting reflex)

前庭习服(vestibular habituation)

前庭性平衡障碍(vestibular disequilibrium)

前庭性眼震(vestibular nystagmus)

前庭重振(vestibular recruitment)

潜伏性眼震(latent nystagmus)

切向运动(shearing motion)

群射(volley information)

绕射(diffraction)

神经元性电位(neuronal electric potential)

声源定位(localization of sound source)

声影(acoustic shadow;sound shadow)

声镫肌反射弧(sound stapedius muscle reflex arc)

声波(sound wave)

声刺激(sound stimulus)

声导纳(acoustic admittance)

声动反射(sonomotor reflex)

声反射半衰期(acoustic reflex half decay duration)

后天感音性聋(acquired sensory deafness)

混合性聋(combined or mixed deafness)

声欧姆(acoustic ohm)

声强(sound intensity)

声强级(sound intensity level)

声顺(acoustic compliance)

声探子,电容(acoustic probe,capacitance)

声压(sound pressure)

声压级(sound pressure level)

声音掩蔽(audio-masking)

听觉(auditognosis;acusthesia)

声源位置辨别(discriminating acoustic position)

声源位置辨别阈(discriminating acoustic position threshold)

声源振动(acoustic vibration)

声阻(acoustic resistance)

声阻抗(acoustic impedance)

失真语言(distorted speech)

失重(weightlessness;zero-gravity)

时间构型(temporal pattern)

视测量障碍(ocular dysmetria)

视动性眼震(optokinetic nystagmus)

视描迹(ocular tracking)

受迫振动(forced vibration)

起止型双相曲线(on-off type diphasic curve)

瞬时振动(instantaneous vibration)

瞬眼波(nictitation wave)

宋(sone)

探测音(probe tone)

听放射(auditory radiation)

相位差(phase difference)

听觉辨差域(threshold of hearing discrimination)

听觉分辨能力衰退(asthenia of hearing discrimination)

听觉感受区(sensory area of hearing)

听觉疲劳(auditory fatigue)

听觉生理(physiology of hearing)

听觉适应(hearing adaptation)

听觉诱发电位(auditory evoked potentials)

听阈(hearing threshold)

同侧耳竞听(ipsilateral ear competing hearing)

透射(penetrance)

突触联系(synaptic connection)

韦氏误听(Willsi paracusis)

位点音高(place pitch)

位移(shift)

位置性眼震(positional nystagmus)

无定形波(amorphous wave)

无节律性眼震(arrhythmic nystagmus)

细胞内静息电位(intracellular resting potential)

相位(phase)

变位性眼震(positioning nystagmns)

相位角(phase angle)

响度(loudness)

响度级(loudness level)

向内爆破(implosion)

向外爆破(explosion)

谐振(harmonic oscillation)

谐振曲线(harmonic oscillation curve)

信噪比(signal noise ratio)

兴奋性突触后电位(excitatory postsynaptic potential)

压缩式骨导(compressional bone conduction)

眼球反向运动(ocular counterturn)

眼球震颤(眼震)(nystagmus)

Bruns眼震(Bruns nystagmus)

眼交感神经麻痹(oculosympathetic nerve paralyses)

错向眼震(inverted nystagmus)

多向性眼震(multidirectional nystagmus)

分离性眼震(dissociated nystagmns)

迷路性眼震(labyrinthine nystagmus)

凝视眼震(gaze nystagmus)

前庭性眼震(vestibular nystagmus)

视动性眼震(optokinetic nystagmus)

Harrison Ⅰ型位置性眼震(Harrison Ⅰ nystagmus)

无节律性眼震(non-rhythmical nystagmus)

钟摆性眼震(pendular nystagmus)

小脑性眼震(cerebellar nystagmus)

中枢性眼震(central nystagmus)

自发性眼震(spontaneous nystagmus)

张力性眼震(tensional nystagmus)

阵发性眼震(paroxysmal nystagmus)

阵挛性眼震(opsoclonns nystagmus)

眼震前状态(pre-nystagmus)

总和蜗神经动作电位(compound cochlear nerve action potential)

衍射(diffraction)

音调(tone;pitch;intonation)

音频定位(tonotopic localization)

音色(timbre)

音素退化(phonetic regression)

音响反射(acoustic reflex;sound reflex;clang reflex)

掩蔽(masking)

振动周期(vibratory period)

振幅(amplitude)

正相电位(positive potential)

正弦波(sinusoid wave)

正总和电位(positive summating potential)

植物神经反应(vegetative nerve reaction)

终板电位(end-plate potential)

重振(recruitment)

驻波(standing wave)

自声增强(autophony)

自由振动(free vibration)

总和电位(summating potential)

半规管功能检查法(semicircular canal function test)

阻尼因素(damping factor)

阻尼振动(damping vibration)

Babinski-Weil试验(Babinskei-Weil test)

Bekesy(Bekesy)

Bekesy行波学说(Bekesy wave theory)

Chimani-Moos试验(Chimani-Moos test)

Doerfler-Stewart试验(Doerfler-Stewart test)

Gelle氏试验(Gelle test)

Gonto检查法(Gonto test)

Meyer Zum Gotlesberg法(Meyer Zum Gotlesberg method)

Mittermaier试验(Mittermaier test)

Stenger测试(Stenger test)

Well测验(Well test)

昂白试验(Romberg test)

闭目难立试验(Romberg test)

闭目步态检查法(standing eyes closed test)

感音敏感度测验(sensori-neural acuity level test)

辨差阈差测试法(difference limen difference (DID)test)

不适应响度级测验(inadequate loudness level test)

语言辨别阈测验(speech discrimination test)

表声测验(watch test)

病理适应测验(pathological adaption test)

传导速度测验(conduction velocity test)

调幅式测验(amplitude modulation type test)

短增量敏感指数测验(short increment sensitivity index;test SISI test)

耳蜗眼睑反射测验(cochlea palpebral reflex;test Gault reflex)

耳语测验(whisper test)

反复听阈测验(repeated hearing threshold test)

改良Stenger测验(modified Stenger test)

声阻抗测听仪测验(acoustic impedance audiometry test)

歌唱变调测验(Barth test)

骨导对比测验(Schwabach test)

骨导偏向测验(Weber test)

骨导听阈测验(bone conductive hearing threshold test)

可懂度阈测验(speech reception threshold test)

普通语言测验(common voice test)

气导听阈测验(air conductive hearing threshold test)

气骨导差值测验(Rinne test)

强度变差阈测验(difference limen test)

强度时间曲线测验(strength duration curves test)

神经兴奋性测验(neuroexcitation test)

语声测验(voice test)

双耳响度平衡测验(binaural loudness balance test)

双耳伪聋测验(binaural malinger deaf test)

睡眠惊醒测验(sleep awarening test)

听距改变测验(Becher test)

听觉瞳孔反射测验(auditory papillare reflex test)

听诊器测验(stethoscope test)

突然袭击法测验(sudden strike test)

咽鼓管功能测验(eustachian tube function test)

咽鼓管通音测验(sonotubometry test)

音叉测验(tuning fork test)

音响优势测验(Stenger test)

游戏测验(play test)

堵耳试验(Bing test)

语言接受阈测验(speech reception threshold test,SRT)

语言识别率测验(speech discrimination test)

噪声干扰测验(Lomberd test)

噪声干扰下的语声测验(Doerfler-Stewart test)

噪声器测验(noise apparatus test)

正负压试验(positive negative pressure test)

自描听力仪试验(Bekesy audiometer test)

阈音衰变测验(threshold tone decay test)

垂直书写试验(vertical writing test)

纯音测听法(pure tone audiometry)

纯音听力计测试(pure tone audiometer test)

单耳响度平衡试验(monoaural loudness balance test)

电反应测听法(electric response audiometry)

定标试验(calibration test)

过指试验(past pointing test)

对侧耳竞听(contralateral competitive hearing)

儿童听力测验(childhood audiometry)

复原试验(recovery test)

感音敏度测验(sensorineural acuity level test)

高低音测验(high and low tone test)

固频式测试(fixed frequency audiometry)

扭转秋千检查法(torsion swing test)

呼吸反应听力测试(respiration reaction audiometry)

畸变语言测听(distorted speech audiometry)

吉理试验(Gelle test)

交叉步行试验(crossed walking test)

精神性聋测试(psychogenic deafness test)

冷热试验(caloric test)

冷热水交替试验(Hallpike caloric test)

末梢血管反应听力测试(peripheral vascular response audiomet)

闹境反聪(Willisi paracusis)

贴补试验(replacement of tympanic membrane test)

配景听力测验(peepshow test)

平面静平衡检查法(plane static equilibrium examination)

铅垂线试验(lead collimation test)

前庭姿式反射(vestibular posture reflex)

伸臂试验(stretching arm test)

声响反应测验(acoustic response test)

灯光摆动试验(lamp swing test)

交错双音词组试验(staggered spondee word test)

倾倒试验(tilting motion test)

手杖试验(stick test)

跳跃试验(jump test)

条件反射测验(conditioned reflex test)

涎液分泌试验(salivating test)

星状足迹试验(Babinski-Weil test)

旋转试验(rotation test)

延迟反馈语言听力试验(delayed auditory feedback test)

原地踏步试验(mark time test)

原地旋转试验(Mittermaier test)

遮眼写字试验(shade-eye writing test)

指鼻试验(finger-nose test)

注视抑制试验(staring inhibit test)

嵴帽敏度试验(cupulometry test)

双重旋转试验(dual rotation test)

Ewald定律(Ewald law)

听觉疲劳测验(auditory fatigue test)

听敏度客观测试(auditory acuity objective test)

听阈测验(auditory threshold)

玩具熊听力测验(Teddy-bear audiometry;Teddy-bear hearing test)

味觉实验(gustometry)

旋转试验(rotatory test)

眼反向转试验(ocular counterrolling test)

重振测验(recruitment test)

镫骨肌反射测试(stapedial acoustic reflex test)

瘘管试验(fistula test)

Carhart切迹(Carhart notch)

Cialit水液(Cialit solution)

Coriolis加速度(Coriolis acceleration)

内耳道X线表现(internal auditory canal X-ray expression)

Gr?nger位(Gr?nger position)

Hansen法(Hansen method)

Law位(Law position)

Mayer位(Mayer position)

Runstroem位(伦氏位)(Runstoem position)

Stanver位(Stanver position)

Towne位(Towne position)

Tullio现象(Tullio phenomenon)

Wever Bray效应(Wever Bray effect)

Wittmaack学说(Wittmaack theory)

板障型乳突X线表现(diploic type X-ray expression)

鼓室X线表现(tympanic cavity X-ray expression)

鼓窦X线表现(sinus tympani X-ary expression)

坚实硬化型乳突X线表现(sclerotic type X-ray expression)

迷路X线表现(labyrinth X-ray expression)

内耳X线表现(inner ear X-ray expression)

精神性聋催眠术(psychodeafness hypnotism)

气化型乳突X线表现(mastoid pneumatic type X-ray expression)

乳突X线表现(mastoid X-ray expression)

外耳X线表现(external ear X-ray expression)

咽鼓管X线表现(eustachian tube X-ray expression)

岩锥X线表现(pyramide X-ray expression)

中耳X线表现(middle ear X-ray expression)

X线造影法(X-ray contrast method)

精神性聋暗示疗法(psychodeafness suggestion therapy)

摆动波(vibration wave)

半规管麻痹(semicircular cnal paresis)

测听针(acoustic probe)

长方块状切取法(long square mass section method)

超声波疗法(ultrasonic therapy)

唇读法(lip reading)

唇读训练(training of lip reading)

耳声发射(otoacoustic emission)

低频电疗法(low frequency electrotherapy)

滴耳法(ear drops)

电耳镜(electric-otoscope)

电频音高(periodicity pitch)

电容声探子(electric capacity sound probe)

电诊断法(electrodiagnosis)

叠加仪(super position unit)

定位偏差(orientation deviation)

多向性眼震(pleonystagmus)

耳比较解剖学(ear comparative anatomy)

耳部检查法(ear examination)

耳鸣的掩蔽疗法(masking treatment of tinnitus)

耳鸣频谱测定(tinnitus spectrum assay)

耳鸣响度测定(tinnitus loudness assay)

耳鸣掩蔽器(tinnitus masking device)

耳鸣综合器(tinnitus synthesizer)

耳蜗信号编码(cochlear signal coding)

鼓膜检查(examination of tympanic membrane)

耳拭涂片法(smear technique of ear)

耳蜗编码(cochlear coding)

耳蜗电极埋植(cochlear implant)

耳蜗电图(electrocochleogram)

耳蜗电图描记法(electrocochleograph)

耳蜗电图描记技术(electrocochleograph gechnic)

耳蜗反射(cochlear reflex)

耳蜗隔膜动力学(cochlearis diaphragm dynamics)

方波(square wave)

防声器(antiphone)

防御性眼震(alerting nystagmus)

仿真耳等价听阈(bionic ear equivalency auditory threshold)

分贝尔(decibel,dB)

高频电疗法(high frequency therapy)

交叉听力(cross hearing)

鼓气测压法(blowing manometry)

鼓气电耳镜(electric pneumatic otoscope)

鼓气耳镜(Siegle otoscope)

鼓室功能测定(tympanometry)

鼓室功能曲线(tympanogram)

谷形骨导切迹(Carhart notch)

汉语手指字母图(Chinese finger-spelling alphabet)

红外线疗法(infra-red therapy)

护耳器(ear defender)

激光治疗(laser therapy)

聋儿的教育原则(education principle of deaf child)

颈部交感神经封闭疗法(cervical sympathetic block therapy)

颈动脉造影(carotid arteriography)

颈静脉逆行插管造影(retrograde jugularography)

静态声顺值测定(static compliance value measurement)

竞争语言测听(competitive speech audiometry)

锯齿波(serrated wave)

绝对骨导测试(absolute bone conduction test,ABC test)

客观测听(objective audiometry)

口语教育(lip-reading training)

窥耳镜(otoscope)

冷冻疗法(cryotherapy)

聋点(deaf point)

前庭功能检查(vestibular function examination)

颅顶快反应(fast vertex response)

颅顶慢反应(slow vertex response)

颅顶晚反应(late latency vertex response)

颅顶中反应(middle latency vertex response)

脑电图检查(electroencephalography)

脑干诱发电位测听(brainstem evoked response audiometry)

脑血管造影(cerebral angiography)

内装置(inner unit)

捏鼻鼓气法(Valsalva maneuver)

皮层诱发电位测听(cortical evoked potential audiometry)

气压检查法(瘘管试验)(air pressure examination;fistula test)

手膝位适应检查法(Rademaker and Garcin test)

强度辨差阈(difference limen)

切片制作法(slice preparation)

清晰度曲线(articulation curve)

清晰度曲线回跌现象(roll over)

人的颞骨制作法(preparation of human temporal bone)

电子耳蜗(electronic cochlea)

人工中耳(artificial middle ear)

人工镫骨的制备(preparation of artificial stapes)

容抗(condensance)

乳突部检查(examination of mastiod)

扫频式测试(sweep frequency audiometry)

上鼓室冲洗疗法(irrigation epitympanum therapy)

声阻抗测听法(acoustic impedance audiometry)

生物反馈疗法(biofeedback therapy)

视动性眼震检查法(optokinetic nystagmus test)

手势语教育(gesture education)

斜面静平衡检查法(drift reaction test)

四柱子秋千检查法(four-column swing test)

听功能训练(auditory training)

听力检查(audiometry;hearing test)

听力计零级(audiometer zero dB)

听力曲线(acoustic curve)

外耳道脱落细胞诊断法(external auditory canal exfoliative cytologic diagnosis)

外耳道清洁法(clearane of external auditory canal)

外耳道真菌检查(Eumycetes of external auditory canal test)

外耳检查法(examination of external ear)

位觉砂步态检查法(statolity gait test)

位觉砂反应检查法(otolity response test)

位置性眼震检查法(positional nystagmus test)

下肢肌张力检查法(lower limb muscular tension test)

眼震电图学(electronystagmography)

心搏听力测听(heart-stroke hearing test)

旋转鼓(rotatory drum;optokinetic drum)

学龄前听觉训练(audiotory training for pre-school children)

压力记录检查(tonometer recording test)

咽鼓管吹张球(Politzer ball)

咽鼓管检查法(examination of eustachian tube)

咽鼓管导管吹张法(catheterization of eustachain tube)

咽鼓管造影(contrast examination of eustachin tube)

眼震电图(electronystagmogram)

眼震电图描记器(eletronystagmograph)

正负压测验法(positive-negative pressure test)

移相器(phase shifter)

音叉试验(tuning fork test)

音响优势测验(Stenger test)

音影法(shadow technique)

音影曲线(shadow curve)

音质(sound quality)

荧光检查法(fluorescein test)

优势偏向(directional preponderance)

游戏测验法(play audiometry)

诱发性前庭功能检查法(evoked vestibular functional test)

语声测验(voice test)

语言测听(speech test)

言语测听法(speech audiometry)

言语听力曲线(speech audiogram)

语言训练(speech training)

噪声干扰下语言测听(Doerfler-Stewart test)

诈聋测验(feigned deafness test)

睁眼步态检查法(eye-open walking posture test)

自动增益控制(automatic gain control)

直立位检查法(standing position test)

直流电试验(direct current test)

直流电药物离子导入法(direct current medicine iontophoresis)

指语(finger language)

质量声抗(mass reactance)

助听器(hearing aid)

BICROSS助听器(BICROSS hearing aid)

CROSS助听器(CROSS hearing aid)

单话筒眼镜型助听器(mono-ear-phone glass model hearing aid)

耳挂型助听器(supra-auricle hearing aid)

耳内型助听器(in-the-ear hearing aid)

盒型助听器(body hearing aid)

集体式助听器(group hearing aid)

双话筒眼镜型助听器(bi-ear-phone glass model hearing aid)

携带式助听器(wearable hearing aid)

眼镜型助听器(eyeglass hearing aid)

耳廓畸形(auricle deformity)

坐位检查法(sitting positional test;Gonto test)

嵴帽敏感度检查法(cupulometry)

阈上听力测验(supra-threshold audiometry)

动物颞骨制作法(animal preparation of temporal bone)

Alexander型(中度迷路畸形型)(Alexander Type)

Bing-Siebenmann畸形(Bing-Siebenmann deformity)

Brun征(Brun sign)

Madelung征(Madelung sign)

耳廓缺损(defect of auricle)

耳廓异常前倾(abnormal anteversion of auricle)

复合性内耳畸形(compound inner ear deformity)

耳畸形(ear deformity)

内耳畸形(inner ear deformity)

后天性外耳畸形(acquired external ear deformity)

面神经畸形(facial nerve deformity)

前庭窗畸形(oval window deformity)

先天性内耳畸形(congenital inner ear deformity)

先天性听骨链畸形(congenital ossicular chain deformity)

先天性外耳畸形(congenital external ear deformity)

先天性中耳畸形(congenital middle ear deformity)

中耳肌畸形(middle ear muscles deformity)

中耳血管畸形(middle ear vessel deformity)

Shea式(Shea type)

发育不全型内耳畸形(Michel type deformity of inner ear)

骨及膜迷路的各种畸形型内耳畸形(Mondini type deformity of inner ear)

膜迷路型内耳畸形(Scheibe type deformity of inner ear)

中度膜迷路畸形型内耳畸形(Alexander type deformity of inner ear)

染色体变异(variation of chromosome)

听骨链畸形(ossicular deformity)

蜗窗畸形(fenestra cochleae deformity)

咽鼓管畸形(malformation of eustachian tube)

Hand-Schüller-Christian病(Hand-Schüller-Christian disease)

Letterer-Siwe病(Letterer-Siwe disease)

Michel型(Michel type)

Mondini-Alexander型(Mondini-Alexander type)

Mondini型(Mondini type)

Paget病(变形性骨炎)(Paget disease;osteitis deformans)

Pyle病(Pyle disease)

Refsum病(Refsum disease)

Scheibe聋(Scheibe deafness)

Schuknecht法(Schuknecht method)

大脑静脉血栓性静脉炎(cerebral thrombophlebitis)

van Buchem病(van Buchem syndrome)

鲍氏脓疱病(Bockhart impetigo)

贝尔面瘫(Bell palsy)

变形性骨炎(Paget病)(osteitis deformans)

表皮病(epidermidosis)

鼓室成形术并发症(tympanoplasty complication)

内耳开窗术并发症(fenestration complication)

人工镫骨手术并发症(artificial stapedectomy complication)

菜花耳(cauliflower ear)

侧颅底手术(lateral basicranial operation)

成骨不全症(osteogenesis imperfecta syndrome)

传染性湿疹样皮炎(dermatitis infectiosa eczematoides;Engman disease)

传音性聋(conductive deafness)

儿童急性化脓性中耳炎(childhood acuta suppurative otitis media)

单纯疱疹,外耳道(herpes simplex,external auditory canal)

胆固醇肉芽肿(cholesterol granuloma)

胆脂瘤(cholesteatoma)

中耳胆固醇肉芽肿(middle ear cholesterol granuloma)

后天原发性胆脂瘤(acquired primary cholesteatoma)

外耳道胆脂瘤(external auditory canal cholesteatoma)

弹夹式(elastic clip)

蝶鞍区病变(sella turcica lesion)

盯聍栓塞(cerumen impaction)

顶枕骨骨髓炎(parieto-occipital osteomyelitis)

耳廓冻伤(auricle frosbite)

多发性结节性动脉炎与耳聋(polyarteritis nodosa with deafness)

多发性硬化与耳聋(multiple sclerosis with deafness)

多发性致密型外生骨疣(multiple dense exostosis)

恶性外耳道炎(malignant otitis externa)

儿童化脓性中耳炎(childhood suppurative otitis media)

耳后骨膜下脓肿(postauricular subperiosteal abscess)

儿童慢性化脓性中耳炎(childhood chronic suppurative otitis media)

耳表皮样囊肿(ear dermoid cyst)

耳部梅毒(ear syphilis)

耳部霉菌病(ear mycosis)

耳部囊肿(ear cyst)

耳部疱疹(ear zoster)

耳冲洗器(aurilave)

耳带状疱疹(herpes zoster oticus)

耳廓化脓性软骨膜炎(suppurative perichondritis of auricle)

耳廓假性囊肿(pseudocyst of auricle)

耳廓浆液性软骨膜炎(serous peichondritis of auricle)

耳廓囊性血肿(cystic hematoma of auricle)

耳廓软骨间积液(intracartilaginous effusion of auricle)

耳廓软骨膜下积液(subperichondrium effusion of auricle)

耳廓软骨膜炎(auricular perichondritis)

耳廓烧伤(auricle burn injury)

耳廓血肿(auricle hematoma)

中枢性耳鸣(central tinnitus)

耳后肿胀(retroauricular swelling)

耳后瘘管(postauricular fisttula)

耳聋(deafness)

霍纳耳聋(Horner deafness)

颈,眼,耳耳聋(Willdervanck syndrome deafness)

颈静脉孔耳聋(jugular foramen syndrome deafness)

颈椎耳聋(cervical spondylotic syndrome deafness)

眶尖耳聋(orbital apex syndrome deafness)

眶上裂耳聋(superior orbital fissure syndrome deafness)

脑桥被盖部耳聋(Babinski-Nageotte-Avellis syndrome deafness)

偏头痛迷路炎耳聋(migraine labyrinthitis deafness)

锁骨下动脉盗血耳聋(subclavian steal syndrome deafness)

椎动脉压迫耳聋(vertebral artery compression deafness)

耳漏(otorrhea)

耳鸣(tinnitus)

代偿性耳鸣(compensatory tinnitus)

耳源性耳鸣(otogenic tinnitus)

非耳源性耳鸣(non-otogenic tinnitus)

肌源性耳鸣(muscularis tinnitus)

客观性耳鸣(objective tinnitus)

末梢性耳鸣(peripheral tinnitus)

失代偿性耳鸣(incompensatory tinnitus)

血管源性耳鸣(vascular tinnitus)

耳硬化症的临床特点(clinical characteristic of otosclerosis)

主观性耳鸣(subjective tinnitus)

耳皮样囊肿(epidermal cyst of ear)

先天性耳前瘘管(congenital per-auricular fistula)

耳乳突囊肿(mastoid cyst)

耳痛(ear pain;otodynia)

耳蜗病变(cochlear pathology)

耳蜗性聋(cochlear deafness)

耳血管神经性水肿(angioneurotic edema of ear)

耳痒(itching of ear)

耳硬化症(otosclerosis)

耳蜗性耳硬化症(cochlear otosclerosis)

耳硬化症的病因学(etiology of otosclerosis)

耳硬化症的病灶分布(focus distribution of otosclerosis)

耳硬化症的发病率(incidence of otosclerosis)

耳中毒(ototoxicity)

耳硬化症的组织病理学(pathology of otosclerosis)

耳硬结病(scleroma of ear)

耳源性并发症(otogenic complications)

耳源性大脑血栓性静脉炎(otogenic cerebral thrombophlebitis)

耳源性二腹肌下脓肿(Bezold abscess)

耳源性上矢状窦血栓(otogenic thrombus of superior sagittal sinus)

耳源性乙状窦血栓性静脉炎(otogenic thrombophlebitis of singmoid sinus)

土荆芥油耳中毒(ascaridole ototoxicity)

氮芥耳中毒(chlormethine ototoxicity)

磺胺类药物耳中毒(sulfonamide ototoxicity)

卡那霉素耳中毒(kanamycin ototoxicity)

奎宁耳中毒(quinine ototoxicity)

利尿剂耳中毒(diuretics ototoxicity)

氯霉素耳中毒(chloramphenicol ototoxicity)

庆大霉素耳中毒(gentamycin ototoxicity)

砷类药物耳中毒(arsenical ototoxicity)

水杨酸类药耳中毒(salicylates ototoxicity)

粉性肉芽肿(powder granuloma)

万古霉素耳中毒(vancomycin ototoxicity)

紫霉素耳中毒(viomycin ototoxicity)

发夹式(hairpin method)

反应停(thalidomide)

泛影葡胺(urografin)

放线菌病(actinomycosis)

非传染性湿疹样皮炎(noninfectious eczematoid dermatitis)

非化脓性中耳炎(nonsuppurative otitis media)

渗出性中耳乳突炎(exudative otitis media and mastoiditis)

非嗜铬性副神经节瘤(nonchromaffin paraganglioma)

耳源性肺脓肿(otogenic pulmonary abscess)

鼓膜外伤(injury of tympanic membrane)

封闭疗法(block therapy)

钙化上皮瘤(calcified epithelioma)

感觉性失语症(sensory aphasia)

感音神经性聋(sensorineural deafness)

钢丝挂钩式(steel wire hook method)

钢丝扭结法(steel wire knot method)

鼓膜表皮囊肿(epidermal cyst of tympanic membrane)

鼓膜成形术(myringoplasty)

鼓膜穿刺术(auripuncture)

鼓膜穿孔贴补试验(replacement of tympanic membrane test)

鼓膜次全穿孔修补术(myringoplasty of subtotal tympanic membrane perforation)

鼓膜切开术(tympanotomy)

儿童鼓膜切开术(children tympanotomy)

鼓膜全缺损修补术(myringoplasty of total tympanic membrane perforation)

横纹肌肉瘤(rhabdomyosarcoma)

鼓膜萎缩(atrophy of tympanic membrane)

鼓膜炎(myringitis)

鼓室成形术(tympanoplasty)

鼓室硬化(tympanosclerosis)

骨化纤维瘤(osteofibroma)

骨瘤(osteoma)

耳源性海绵窦血栓(otogenic cavernous sinus thrombosis)

核部中枢性面瘫(central facial paralysis due to facial nucleus lesion)

核上中枢性面瘫(central facial paralysis due to upper facial nucleus lesion)

核下和迷路段的外周性面瘫(peripheral facial paralysis due to lower facial nucleus and labyrinthine segnent lesion)

基底动脉缺血(vertebrobasilar insufficiency)

后天性继发性胆脂瘤(acquired secondary cholesteatoma)

后天性外耳道闭锁(acquired aural atresia)

后天性外耳道狭窄(acquired aural stenosis)

后天性原发性胆脂瘤(acquired primary cholesteatoma)

化脓性滤泡炎(suppurative folliculitis)

化脓性肉芽肿(pyogenic granuloma)

坏死性肉芽肿与耳聋(necrotizing granulomatosis with deafness)

坏死性外耳道炎(necrotizing external otitis)

黄色瘤病(xanthoma)

慢性黄色瘤病(chronic xanthoma)

基底偏头痛(basilar migraine)

急性乳突炎(acute mastoiditis)

基底细胞乳头状瘤(basal cell papilloma)

激发装置(excitation unit)

急性大泡性鼓膜炎(acute bullous myringitis)

急性鼓膜炎(acute myringitis)

化脓性中耳炎(suppurative otitis media)

急性化脓性鼓窦炎(acute suppurative otoantritis)

急性化脓性中耳乳突炎(acute suppurative otitis

media and mastoiditis)

急性化脓性中耳炎(acute suppurative otitis media)

急性坏死型中耳炎(acute necrotic otitis media)

急性弥漫性外耳道炎(acute diffuse otitis externa)

急性气压创伤性中耳炎(acute barotraumatic otitis media)

乳突炎(mastoiditis)

局限性迷路炎(circumscribed labyrinthitis)

慢性乳突炎(chronic mastoiditis)

小儿乳突炎(childhood mastoiditis)

隐匿性乳突炎(latent mastoiditis)

急性岩部炎(acute petrositis)

夹层法(inlay method)

角化病(keratosis)

接触性皮炎(contact dermatitis)

外耳结核(external ear tuberculosis)

中耳结核(middle ear tuberculosis)

结核性中耳乳突炎(tuberculous otitis media and mastoiditis)

颈部脓肿(cervical abscess)

颈静脉球体瘤(glomus jugulare tumor)

颈椎错位(dislocation of cervical vertebra)

酒精中毒(耳蜗)(alcoholism;cochlea)

传音性聋(conductive deafness)

巨耳(macrotia)

卡马西平(carbamazepine)

抗晕灵(kangyunling)

克汀病(cretinism)

蓝鼓膜(blue ear drum)

蓝色套膜(blue sheath)

磷酸组织胺(histamine phosphate)

磷中毒(耳蜗)(phosphorism;cochlea)

鳞状细胞乳头状瘤(squamous cell papilloma)

聋(deafness)

爆震性聋(explosive deafness)

病毒性聋(viral deafness)

耳蜗“传导性”老年性聋(cochlear conductive presbycusis)

耳蜗性聋(cochlear deafness)

神经根病耳蜗性聋(nerve root disease cochlear deafness)

非遗传性聋(nonhereditary deafness)

家族性进行性感音神经性聋(familial progressive sensorineural deafness)

感音性聋(perceptive deafness)

延迟性感音性聋(delayed perceptive deafness)

功能性聋(functional deafness)

后天感音性聋(acquired sensory deafness)

混合性聋(combined or mixed deafness)

假性感音性聋(pseudoperceptive deafness)

精神性聋(psychic deafness)

创伤性精神性聋(traumatic psychic deafness)

精神性聋麻醉疗法(psychic deafness narcotherapy)

老年性聋(presbycusis)

代谢性老年性聋(metabolic presbycusis)

聋哑针刺疗法(deaf-mutism acupuncture therapy)

机械性老年性聋(mechanical presbycusis)

神经性老年性聋(neural presbycusis)

血管纹老年性聋(strial presbycusis)

皮层性聋(cortical deafness)

神经性聋(nervous deafness)

突发性聋(sudden deafness)

先天感音性聋(congenital perceptive deafness)

先天性聋(congenital deafness)

非遗传性先天性聋(nonhereditary congenital deafness)

遗传性聋(hereditary deafness)

延迟性遗传性聋(delaed hereditary deafness)

噪声性聋(noise induced deafness)

中毒性聋(ototoxic deafness)

癔病性聋(hysterical deafness)

聋哑(deaf-mutism)

后天性聋哑(acquired deaf-mutism)

精神性聋哑(psychic deaf-mutism)

先天性聋哑(congenital deaf-mutism)

毛霉菌病(mucormycosis)

聋哑症(deaf-mutism)

先天性聋哑症(congenital deaf-mutism)

颅底凹陷症(basilar impression)

颅底疾病分类(classification of skull base diseases)

颅后窝手术(posterior cranial fossa surgery)

颅内并发症(intracranial complication)

颅外并发症(extracranial complication)

中耳炎(otitis media)

中耳乳突炎(typanomastoiditis)

慢性化脓性乳突炎(chronic suppurative mastoiditis)

慢性化脓性中耳乳突炎(chronic suppurative otitis media and mastoiditis)

慢性化脓性中耳炎(chronic suppurative otitis media)

慢性黄色瘤病(chronic xanthoma)

慢性弥漫性外耳道炎(chronic diffuse otitis externa)

慢性气压创伤性中耳炎(chronic baraotraumatic otitis media)

慢性乳突炎(chronic mastoiditis)

慢性岩部炎(chronic petrositis)

面神经减压术(facial nerve decompression)

内耳梅毒(syphilis of inner ear)

外耳梅毒(syphilis of external ear)

中耳梅毒(syphilis of middle ear)

霉菌性鼓膜炎(mycomyringitis)

梅尼埃病(Meniere disease)

迷离瘤(choristoma)

迷路-枕下联合进路(combined translabyrinthinesuboccipital approach)

迷路进路(translabyrinthine approach)

迷路炎(labyrinthitis)

浆液性迷路炎(serous labyrinthitis)

局部迷路炎(circumscribed labyrinthitis)

隐匿性迷路炎(silent labyrinthitis)

化脓性迷路炎(suppurative labyrinthitis)

弥漫性外耳道炎(diffuse otitis extema)

内耳开窗术(fenestration of inner ear)

面神经移植术(facial nerve transplantation)

面神经战伤(battle injury of facial nerve)

面瘫(facial paralysis)

膜迷路积水(labyrintyine hydrops)

脑积水(hydrocephalus)

脑脊液耳漏(cerebrospinal otorrhea)

脑膜瘤(meningioma)

脑膜炎(meningitis)

脑脓肿(brain abscess)

脑外伤面瘫(facial paralysis due to head injury)

内耳不育性聋(Michel deafness)

耳廓缺损(auricle defect)

内植法(underlay method)

念珠菌病(moniliasis)

脓毒血症(pyemia)

脓性颌下腺炎(Ludwig angina)

破骨性砧骨膜炎(osteoclastic mucoperiostitis)

耳源性破伤风(otogenic tetanus)

气压创伤性中耳炎(barotraumatic otitis media)

铅中毒(耳蜗)(lead poisoning)(cochlea)

前颅底外科(surgery of front skull base)

前庭神经鞘膜瘤(vestibular neurinoma)

前庭神经元炎(vestibular neuronitis)

嵌入法(inlay method)

全耳廓离断(cuts of total auricle)

全聚四氟乙烯活塞套入法(implant of polytetrafluoroethylene piston;Shea type)

全颞骨切除术(dissecting of total temporal bone)

耳垂缺损(ear lobe defect)

听骨损伤(Auditory ossicles trauma)

耳甲缺损(concha of auricle defect)

耳轮缺损(helix defect)

耳屏缺损(tragus defect)

人工镫骨手术(artificial stapedial surgery)

人工镫骨手术,半规管开窗术(artificial stapedial surgery,fenestration of inner ear)

色素痣(pigmented nevus)

上矢状窦血栓(thrombus sinuses superior)

神经鞘瘤(neurilemmoma;schwannoma)

神经纤维瘤(neurofibroma)

生物类黄酮(bioflavonoid)

外耳湿疹(external ear eczema)

湿疹样皮炎(eczematoid dermatitis)

嗜伊红细胞肉芽肿(eosinophilic granuloma)

致密型外生骨疣(compact exostosis)

疏松型外生骨疣(loose exostosis)

外耳道耵聍腺癌(ceruminous gland cancer of external auditory canal)

外耳损伤(external ear trauma)

外耳道损伤(external auditory canal trauma)

颞骨损伤(temporal bone trauma)

特发性血鼓室(idiopathic hemotympanum)

听骨损伤(auditory ossicles trauma)

听骨链重建(ossicular replacement;reconstruction of auditory ossicular chain)

听神经瘤(acoustic neuroma)

头鸣(cranial tinnitus;tinnitus cerebri)

突发性聋(sudden deafness)

外耳丹毒(external ear erysipelas)

后天性外耳道闭锁(acquired atresia of extrnal auditory canal)

外耳道冲洗法(irrigation of external auditory canal)

外耳道单纯疱疹(herpes simplex of external ear canal)

外耳湿疹(eczema of external ear)

外耳道骨膜下脓肿和瘘管(subperiosteal bdscess and fistula of external auditory canal)

外耳道黑色素瘤(melanoma of external auditory canal)

外耳道外生骨疣(exostosis of exteranl auditory canal)

外耳道腺样囊性癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma of external auditory canal)

外耳道阻塞性角化症(obstructive keratosis of external auditory canal)

外耳道疖(furuncle of external auditory canal)

外耳道恶性神经鞘瘤(malignant schwannoma of external auditory canal)

外耳基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma of external ear)

外耳结核(tuberculosis of external ear)

外耳鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of external ear)

外耳梅毒(syphilis of external ear)

外耳肉瘤(sarcoma of external ear)

小儿耳聋(infantile deafness)

外耳炎(otitis externa)

外植法(outlay method)

外周性眩晕(peripheral vertigo)

网状内皮细胞肉芽肿(reticuloendotheliosis)

网状内皮细胞增生症(reticuloendotheliosis)

蜗管发育不全性聋(cochlear dysplastic deafness)

蜗后病变(retrocochlear lesion)

蜗性低频听力减退(cochlea low-frequency hypoacusis)

无汗症与蜗性听力减退(anhidrosis and cochlear hypoacusis)

膝状神经节炎(geniculate ganglionitis)

先天性胆脂瘤(congenital cholesteatoma)

先天性耳畸形(congenital malformation of ear)

先天性内耳梅毒(congenital syphilis of inner ear)

纤维瘤(fibroma)

纤维异样增殖症(proliferative fibrosis)

显性遗传性耳聋(dominant inheritance deafness)

良性阵发性位置性眩晕(benign paroxysmal positional vertigo)

小脑桥脑角损害(cerebellopontile angle injury)

性连锁性遗传性耳聋(sex-linked hereditary deafness)

Ⅲ型肺炎球菌中耳炎(pneumonococcus Ⅲ otitis media)

眩晕(vertigo)

耳源性眩晕(aural vertigo)

精神性眩晕(psychogenic vertigo)

颈性眩晕(cervical vertigo)

老年性眩晕(aged vertigo)

外伤性眩晕(traumatic vertigo)

外周性眩晕(peripheral vertigo)

位置性眩晕(positional vertigo)

咽后脓肿(retropharyngeal abscess)

小儿眩晕(childhood vertigo)

中枢性眩晕(central nervous system vertigo)

眩晕停(diphenidol)

特发性血鼓室(idiopathic hemotympanum)

血管瘤(angioma)

血管平滑肌瘤(angioleiomyoma)

耳廓血肿(auricular hematoma)

芽生菌病(blastomycosis)

咽鼓管异常开放症(abnormal patency of eustachain tube)

硬脑膜外脓肿(extradural abscess)

耳蜗烟草中毒(cochlea tobacco toxicosis)

岩部炎(petrositis)

隐匿性岩部炎(silent petrositis)

岩尖手术(petrous apicectomy)

岩乳突骨骨折(petromastoid fracture)

一氧化碳中毒(耳蜗)(carbon monoxide induced ototoxity)(cochlea)

益气聪明汤(yi qi cong ming tang)

异位性皮炎(atopic dermatitis)

外耳道异物(external auditory meatus foreign body)

隐性遗传,耳聋(recessive inheritance,deafness)

婴幼儿网状内皮细胞增生症(Letteter-Siwe disease)

中枢性聋(central deafness)

硬膜下脓肿(subdural abscess)

圆塞状块切取法(bone plug section method)

运动病(motion sickness)

噪声性聋(noise induced deafness)

诈聋(malingering deafness)

粘连性中耳炎(adhesive otitis media)

枕下进路(infraoccipital approach)

振动病(vibration disease)

脂肪瘤(lipoma)

脂溢性皮炎(seborrhea)

中耳癌(middle ear carcinoma)

中耳胆固醇肉芽肿(middle ear cholesterol granuloma)

中耳乳突癌(tympanomastoid carcinoma)

中耳乳突胆脂瘤(tympanomastoid cholesteatoma)

中耳乳突火器伤(fire weapon injury of tympanomastoid)

中耳乳突肉瘤(tympanomastoid sarcoma)

中耳通气管(ventilation tube of middle ear)

中耳血管畸形(vascular malformation of middle ear)

颞骨骨折(fracture of temporal bone)

耳廓灼伤(auricular burning injury)

紫外线疗法(ultraviolet treatment)

组织细胞病X(histiocytic disease X)

组织细胞肉芽肿(histocytic granuloma)

嵴顶结石病(cupulolithiasis)

镫骨部分切除术(partial stapedectomy)

镫骨底开窗(fenestration in stapes footplate)

镫骨撼动术(stapediolysis)

镫骨后脚移动术(displacement of stapedial posterior crus)

镫骨脚切除术(spapedial crurotomy)

镫骨切除术(stapedetomy)

镫骨全切除法(total stapedectomy)

颞部脓肿(temporal abscess)

颞骨并发症(complication of temporal bone)

Foster-Kennedy综合征(Foster-Kennedy syndrome)

颞骨切除术(temporal bone resection)

部分颞骨切除术(partial resection of temporal bone)

颞骨转移性肿瘤(metastaes transplantation tumor of temporal bone)

颞叶癫痫(temporal lobe epilepsy)

颞颌关节炎(hyposiagonarthritis)

Alport综合征(Alport syndrome)

Barre-Lieon综合征(Barre-Lieon syndrome)

Bezold三征(Bezold triad)

Brown-Squard综合征(Brown-Squard Syndrome)

burning foot综合征(灼热足)(burning foot syndrome)

Claude综合征(Claude syndrome)

Cockayne综合征(Cockayne syndrome)

Cogan综合征(Cogan syndrome)

Dandy综合征(Dandy syndrome)

Di George综合征(Di George syndrome)

Treacher Collins综合征(Treacher Collins syndrome)

Foville综合征(Foville syndrome)

Hallgren综合征(Hallgren syndrome)

Horner综合征(Horner syndrome)

Hurler综合征(Hurler syndrome)

Jervell-Lange-Nielsen综合征(Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome)

Klippel-Fell综合征(Klippel-Fell syndrome)

Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl综合征(Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome)

Lermoyez综合征(Lermoyez syndrome)

Millard-Gubler综合征(Millard-Gubler syndrome)

Morris综合征(Morris syndrome)

Parinaud(中脑顶盖)综合征(Parinaud syndrome)

Pendred综合征(Pendred syndrome)

Pierre Robin综合征(Pierre Robin syndrome)

Ramsay Hunt综合征(Ramsay Hunt syndrome)

Raymond-Cestan综合征(Raymond-Cestan syndrome)

Richards-Rundel综合征(Richards-Rundel syndrome)

Schwartze综合征(Schwartze syndrome)

共济失调与听力减退高尿酸血症综合征(hyperuricemia ataxia and hypoacusis syndrome)

三体综合征(trisomy syndrome)

Usher综合征(Usher syndrome)

van der Hoeve综合征(van der Hoeve syndrome)

Vorgt-Koyanagi综合征(Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome)

Waardenburg综合征(Waardenburg syndrome)

Wedderbum综合征(Wedderbum syndrome)

Wallenberg综合征(Wallenberg syndrome)

Weber综合征(Weber syndrome)

第一鳃弓综合征(the first branchial arch syndrome)

家族性颌面发育不全综合征(Treacher Collins syndrome)

甲状腺肿耳聋综合征(pendred syndrome)

三体13-15(D)综合征(trisomy 13-15(D)syndrome)

三体18(E)综合征(trisomy 18(E)syndrome)

视网膜色素变性聋哑综合征(Usher syndrome)

小脑下后动脉综合征(posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome)

耳聋皮肤角化综合征(Morris syndrome)

耳聋心电图异常综合征(Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome)

家族性颌面发育异常综合征(Treacher Collins syndrome)

“灼足热”综合征(burning foot syndrome)

盗血综合征(steal syndrome)

中脑腹侧部综合征(Weber syndrome)

海绵窦综合征(cavernous sinus syndrom)

家族遗传性出血性肾炎综合征(Alport syndrome)

柯根综合征(Cogan syndrome)

脑桥内侧部综合征(Foville syndrome)

脑桥外侧综合征(Millard-Gubler syndrome)

破裂孔综合征(sphenotic foramen syndrome)

外侧裂综合征(lateral fissure syndrome)

下颌面骨发育不全及耳聋综合征(Treacher-Collins syndrome)

甲状腺肿先天性聋综合征(Pendred syndrome)

小脑后下动脉综合征(Wallenberg syndrome)

眩晕综合征(vertigo syndrome)

岩尖综合征(Gradenigo syndrome)

延髓后部综合征(posterior oblongata syndrome)

延髓前部综合征(anterior oblongata syndrome)

延髓外侧综合征(lateral oblongata syndrome)

中脑背侧综合征(Claude syndrome)

中脑顶盖部综合征(Parinaud syndrome)

简介

口腔医学

四环素牙(teracycline teeth)

龋病(caries)

釉质发育不全(enamal hypoplasia)

氟牙症(dental fluorosis)

畸形中央尖(abnormal central cusp)

遗传性乳光牙本质(hereditary opalescent dentin)

先天性梅毒牙(congenital syphilitic teeth)

额外牙(supernumerary tooth)

先天缺失牙(congenital anodontia)

埋伏牙(embeded teeth)

牙齿萌出异常(teeth abnormal germination)

融合牙(fustes teeth)

双生牙(geminated teeth)

结合牙(concrescence of teeth)

牙齿外伤(teeth injury)

釉珠(enamel pear)

牙内陷(dens invaginatus)

牙根纵裂(vertical root fracture)

牙齿敏感症(sensitive tooth)

磨损(abrasion)

磨牙症(bruxism)

楔状缺损(wedge-shaped defect)

酸蚀症(erosion)

隐裂牙(tooth crack)

牙髓充血(pulp hyperemia)

?创伤性磨牙根横折(root fracture due to occlusal truma)

牙根外吸收(external resorption)

牙根内吸收(internal resorption)

牙齿变色(tooth discoloration)

牙齿外源性着色(tooth external stain)

牙髓坏死(pulp necrosis)

急性牙髓炎(acute pulpitis)

慢性闭锁性牙髓炎(chronic closed pulpitis)

慢性溃疡性牙髓炎(chronic ulcerative pulpitis)

慢性增生性牙髓炎(chronic hyperplastic pulpitis)

逆行性牙髓炎(retrograde pulpitis)

残髓炎(residual pulpitis)

髓石(pulp stone)

急性坏死溃疡性龈炎(acute necrotizimg ulcerative gingivitis)

急性根尖周炎(acute perioapical inflamation)

慢性根尖周炎(chronic perioapical inflamation)

慢性龈缘炎(chronic marginal gingivitis)

牙间乳头炎(gingival papillatis)

急性多发性龈脓肿(acute multiple gingival bascess)

牙龈浆细胞增多症(gingival plasmacytosis)

化脓性肉芽肿(pyogenic granuloma)

牙龈萎缩(gingival recession)

重金属引起的牙龈着色(gingivalstain due to heavy metal)

药物引起牙龈增生(drug-induced gingival hyperplasia)

妊娠期龈炎(pregnancy gingivitis)

青春期龈炎(puberty gingivitis)

增生性龈炎(hyperplastic gingivitis)

青少年牙周炎(juvenile periodontitis)

遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病(hereditary gingival fibromatosis)

牙周炎(peridontitis)

成人牙周炎(adult periodontitis)

牙周脓肿(periodontal abscess)

快速进展型牙周炎(rapidly progressive periodontitis)

青春前期牙周炎(prepubertal periodontitis)

掌跖角化—牙周破坏综合征(hyperkeratosis of palms and soles-premature periodontal destcuction of teeth sundrome;Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome)

牙周—牙髓联合病变(periodontal-puplp syndrome)

创伤性溃疡(traumatic ulcer)

根分叉病变(furcation involvement)

口腔结核(oral tuberculosis)

化学性灼伤(chemical burn)

热损伤(thermal damage)

放射线损伤(radiative damage)

球菌性口炎(coccus stomatitis)

口腔念珠菌病(oral candidiasis)

口腔梅毒(oral syphilis)

口腔单纯疱疹(herpes simplex)

药物过敏性口炎与接触性口炎(stomatitis medicamentosus)

带状疱疹(herpes zoster)

瘢痕性类天疱疮(benign mucosa pemphigoid)

血管神经性水肿(angioneurotic edema)

多形渗出性红斑(erythema multiforme)

天疱疮(pemphigus)

盘状红斑狼疮(discoid lupus erthematous,DLE)

口腔扁平苔藓(oral lichen planus,OLP)

复发性口腔溃疡(recurrent oral ulceration)

口腔白斑病(leukoplakia)

唇炎(cheilitis jchilitis)

白塞病(Behset disease)

地图舌(geographic glossitis)

口角炎(commissural cheilitis)

舌乳头炎(tongue papillatis)

沟纹舌(fissured tongue)

毛舌(hairy tongue)

正中菱形舌(median rhomboid glossitis)

白血病的口腔表现(oral manifestation of leukoma)

舌痛症(glossalgia)

艾滋病的口腔表现(oral manifestation of AIDS)

结节病(sarcoidosis)

恶性肉芽肿(malignant granuloma)

红斑(erythroplakia)

口腔病灶感染(oral focal infection)

手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease)

淀粉样变性(amyloidosis)

智齿冠周炎(pericoronitis of wisdomtooth)

白色角化病(leukokeratosis)

白色皱襞性龈口炎(white folded gingivostomatitis)

口腔黏膜下纤维变性(oral submucous fibrosis)

颞间隙感染(infection of temporal space)

口腔颌面部间隙感染(infection of oral and maxillofacial space)

眶下间隙感染(infection of infraorbital space)

颊间隙感染(infection of buccal space)

咬肌间隙感染(infection of masseteric space)

颞下间隙感染(infection of infratemporal space)

颌下间隙感染(infection of submandibular space)

翼下颌间隙感染(infection of pteryomandibular space)

舌下间隙感染(infection of sublingual space)

咽旁间隙感染(infection of parapharyngeal space)

口底蜂窝织炎(cellulitis of the floor of the mouth)

颏下间隙感染(infection of submental space)

边缘性颌骨骨髓炎(osteomyelitis of marginal jaws)

颌骨骨髓炎(osteomyelitis of jaws)

化脓性颌骨骨髓炎(pyogenic osteomyelitis of jaws)

中央性颌骨骨髓炎(osteomyelitis of central jaws)

放射性颌骨坏死(radionecrosis of jaws)

新生儿颌骨骨髓炎(osteomyelitis of the jaw in neonate)

急性面颈部淋巴结炎(acute facial and cervical lymphadenitis)

颌面部放线菌病(facial and jaw actinomycosis)

颌面骨结核(tuberculosis of facial and jaw bones)

面颈部淋巴结炎(facial and cervical lymphadenitis)

颜面部疖(facial furuncle)

慢性面颈部淋巴结炎(chronic facial and cervical lymphadenitis)

结核性淋巴结炎(tubercular lymphadenitis)

颌面部软组织损伤(soft tissue wounds of maxillofacial part)

颜面部痈(facial carbuncle)

下颌骨骨折(fracture of mandible)

颊部贯通伤(penetrating wound of cheek)

舌损伤(lingual wound)

唇部损伤(labial wound)

腭损伤(palatal wound)

眉、睑部损伤(wounds of eyebrow and eyelid)

耳、鼻外伤(wounds of ear and nose)

上颌骨骨折(fracture of maxilla)

颧骨及颧弓骨折(fracture of malar bone and zygomatic arch)

髁状突骨折(fracture of condyle)

无牙颌骨骨折(fracture of jaws without teeth)

儿童颌骨骨折(fracture of jaws of children)

眶底骨折(fracture of orbital floor)

鼻骨骨折(fracture of nasal bone)

唾液腺损伤和涎瘘(salivary gland wound and salivary fistula)

口腔颌面部火器伤(oral and maxillofacial firearm wounds)

唾液腺黏液囊肿(mucocele of salivary gland)

舍格林综合征(Sj?gren syndrome)

沃辛瘤(Warthin tumor)

腮腺囊肿(cyst of parotid)

腮腺良性肥大(parotid gland swelling)

多形性腺瘤(pleomorphic adenoma)

颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorders)

黏液表皮样癌(mucoepidermoid carcinoma)

腺样囊性癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma)

关节盘穿孔、破裂(disc hole and split)

翼外肌功能亢进(hyerfunctioning of lateral pterygoid muscle)

翼外肌痉挛(spasm of lateral pterygoid muscle)

咀嚼肌群痉挛(spasm of masseteric muscles)

肌筋膜痛(myofascial pain)

可复性关节盘前移位(anterior disc displacement with reduction)

不可复性关节盘前移位(anterior disc displacement without reduction)

关节囊扩张伴关节盘附着松弛(capsule expansion)

关节盘后区损伤(posterior region injury of disc)

颞下颌关节强直(ankylosis of temporomandibular joint)

骨关节病(osteoarthrosis)

慢性化脓性腮腺炎(chronic recurrent parotitis)

急性化脓性腮腺炎(acute pyogenic parotitis)

涎石病和颌下腺炎(sialolithiasis)

慢性阻塞性腮腺炎(chronic obstructive parotitis)

流行性腮腺炎(mumps)

三叉神经痛(trigeminal neuralgia)

唾液腺结核(tuberculosis of salivary gland)

唾液腺放线菌病(actinomycosis)

唾液腺结节病(sarcoidosis)

贝尔麻痹(Bell palsy)

舌咽神经痛(glossopharyngeal neuralgia)

永久性面神经麻痹(permanent facial paralysis)

急性前脱位(acute forward dislocation)

面肌痉挛(facial spasm)

颞下颌关节脱位(dislocation of condyle)

牙种植体的基本组成和构件(composition of implant)

复发性脱位(recurrent dislocation)

陈旧性脱位(old dislocation)

种植义齿(implant supported denture)

常见骨内种植体系统(endosteal implant system)

种植体与骨界面的结构(bone-implant inteface)

种植义齿的种类(ategory of implant supported)

种植体的种类(categpry of implants)

种植义齿的分类设计(classification design of implant supported denture)

种植义齿的适应证(indications of implant supported denture)

种植义齿的禁忌证(contradictions of implant supported denture)

种植义齿的并发症(side effects of implant supported denture)

种植体成功的标准(standard of success implantation)

药液注射入动、静脉内(putting the injection into artery or ven)

注射针折断(syringe needle fracture)

视力障碍(visual disturbance)

血肿(haematoma)

神经损伤(局麻)(nerve damage)

暂时性牙关紧闭(temporary gnathospasmus)

局麻注射时或局麻注射后疼痛(intrapain or postpain of local anesthesia injection)

感染(局麻)(infection)

口腔上颌窦交通(oro-antral fistula)

颈交感神经综合征(Horner syndrome)

声音嘶哑(hoarseness)

全脊髓麻醉(fotal spinal anesthesia)

软组织损伤(soft tissue damage)

骨组织损伤(bone tissue damage)

神经损伤(拔牙)(nerve damage)

下颌骨骨折(mandibular fracture)

颞下颌关节脱位(dislocation of temporomandibular joint)

邻牙或对颌牙损伤(adjacent teeth or opposite antagonist damage)

术中出血(intraoperative bleeding)

断根或牙移位(root fracture or tooth displacement)

肿胀(tumefaction)

牙折断(tooth fracture)

出血(bleeding)

感染(拔牙)(infection)

疼痛(pain)

皮脂腺囊肿(sebaceous cyst)

干槽症(dry socket)

张口受限(limitation of mouth opening)

皮下气肿(subcutaneous emphysema)

癌前病损(precancerous lesion)

癌前状态(precancerous condition)

色素病(pigmented disease)

皮样囊肿(表皮样囊肿)(dermoid cyst;epidermoid cyst)

根端囊肿(radicular cyst)

始基囊肿(primordial cyst)

含牙囊肿(dentigerous cyst)

角化囊肿(keratocyst)

球上颌囊肿(globulomaxillaly cyst)

鼻腭囊肿(nasopalatine cyst)

正中囊肿(median cyst)

鼻唇囊肿(nasolakial cyst)

神经鞘瘤(neurilemmoma)

牙龈瘤(epulis)

纤维瘤(fibroma)

成釉细胞瘤(ameloblastoma)

血管瘤(hemangioma)

海绵状血管瘤(cavernous hemangioma)

蔓状血管瘤(hemangioma racemosum)

淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma)

骨巨细胞瘤(giant cell tumor of bone)

神经纤维瘤(neurofibroma)

嗜酸性粒细胞增生性淋巴肉芽肿(eosinophilic lympbagranutoma)

骨化性纤维瘤(ossifying fibroma)

骨纤维异样增殖症(fibrous hyperplasia of bone)

口底癌(carcinoma of floor of mouth)

舌癌(carcinoma of tongue)

牙龈癌(carcinoma of gingiva)

颊黏膜癌(carcinoma of buccal)

腭癌(carcinoma of palate)

软组织肉瘤(soft tissue sarcoma)

唇癌(carcinoma of lip)

皮肤癌(carcinoma of facial skin)

上颌窦癌(carcinoma of maxillary sinus)

中央性颌骨癌(entral carcinoma of jaws)

中线致死性肉芽肿(necrotic granutoma)

骨源性肉瘤(osteogenic sibroma)

恶性淋巴瘤(malignant lymphoma)

浆细胞肉瘤(plasma cell sarcoma)

游离皮片移植(free skin graft)

恶性黑色素瘤(malignant melanoma)

皮瓣移植(tramsplantation of flaps)

腭裂(cleft palate)

唇裂(cleft lip)

面横裂(horizontal cleft)

正中裂(medial cleft)

牙槽突裂(cleft of alveolus)

哥德式弓(Gothic arch)

口腔修复学(prosthodontics restoratives)

咬合(articulatin)

?架(articulator)

平衡?(balanced occlusion)

边缘运动(border movement)

边缘位(border position)

正中?(centric occlusion)

正中关系(centric relation)

正中关系?(centric relation occlusion)

髁轴(condylar axis)

髁导(condylar gaidance)

髁导斜度(condylar guidance inclination)

尖牙保护?(canine protection occlusion)

面弓(face bow)

眶耳平面(frankfort plane)

正中自由(freedom in centric)

息止颌间隙(free-way space)

?学(gnathology)

口颌系统(gnathostomatic system)

继发性?创伤(secondary occlusal traumatism)

组牙功能?(group function occlusion)

铰链型(hinge axis type)

铰型运动(hinge movement)

切导(incisal guidance)

切道(incisal path)

长正中(long centric)

咀嚼效能(masticatory performance)

混合型?(mixed type occlusion)

调?(occlusal adjustment)

?力(occlusal force)

?干扰(occlusal interference)

?型(occlusal pattern)

?障碍(occlusal restraint)

?创伤(occlusal traumatism)

?垂直距离(occlusal-vertical dimension)

?(occlusion)

覆?(over bite)

超?(over jet)

病理性?(pathologic occlusion)

生理性?(physiologic occlusion)

早接触(premature contact)

息止颌位(rest position)

息止颌垂直距离(rest vertical dimension)

原发性?创伤(primary occlusal traumatism)

克里斯坦森间隙(Christensen space)

垂直距离(vertical dimension)

补偿曲线(compensating curve)

补偿曲线曲度(prominence of compensating curve)

主承托区(primary stress-beating area)

定位?平面(plane of orientation)

定位?平面斜度(inclination of plane of orientation)

肌功能修整(muscle trimming)

磨牙后垫(retromolar pad)

缓冲区(relief area)

颤动线(vibrating line)

腭小凹(palatine fovea)

义齿间隙(denture space)

义齿表面(denture surface)

印模(impression)

托盘(tray)

?堤(bite rim)

?托(bite plate)

模型(cast)

选磨(selective grinding)

克里斯坦森现象(Christensen phenomenon)

?支托(occlusal rest)

磨耗(abrasion)

基牙(abutment teeth)

固位体(retainer)

桥体(pontic)

连接体(connector)

双端固定桥(rigidly fixed bridge)

半固定桥(semi-fixde bridge)

单端固定桥(free-end fixde bridge)

复合固定桥(compound bridge)

Ante定律(Ante law)

固定义齿(fixed partial denture)

可摘局部义齿(rimovable partial denture)

人工牙(artificial tooth)

解剖式牙(anatomic tooth)

非解剖牙(non-anatomic tooth)

半解剖式牙(semianatomic tooth)

基托(base plate)

直接固位体(direct retainer)

间接固位体(indirect retainer)

卡环(clasp)

卡环臂(clasp arm)

卡环体(clasp body)

单臂卡环(one arm clasp)

观测线(surveying line)

模型观测器(surveyor)

倒凹区(undercut area)

非倒凹区(non-undercut area)

一型观测线(surveying line Ⅰ)

二型观测线(surveying line Ⅱ)

三型观测线(surveying line Ⅲ)

圆环形卡环(circle clasp)

杆形卡环(bar clasp)

圈形卡环(ring clasp)

回力卡环(back action clasp)

对半卡环(half and half clasp)

联合卡环(combined clasp)

延伸卡环(extension clasp)

连续卡环(continuous clasp)

倒钩卡环(reverse hook clasp)

尖牙卡环(canine clasp)

U形卡环(U bar)

T形卡环(T bar)

I形卡环(I bar)

L形卡环(L bar)

C形卡环(C bar)

平均倒凹(average undercut)

双臂卡环(two arms clasp)

三臂卡环(three arms clasp)

混合型卡环(mixed type clasp)

RPI卡环组(rest guiding plate I bar)

RPA卡环组(rest guiding plate aker clasp)

翘起(bend upwards)

摆动(sway)

旋转(revolve)

下沉(subside)

牙支持式义齿(tooth supported removable partial denture)

黏膜支持式义齿(mucosa-supported removable partial denture)

混合支持式义齿(dentogingivally supported removable partial denture)

肯氏一类(Kennedy classification Ⅰ)

肯氏二类(Kennedy classification Ⅱ)

肯氏三类(Kennedy classification Ⅲ)

肯氏四类(Kennedy classification Ⅳ)

支点线(fulcrum line)

库马一类(Cummer classification Ⅰ)

库马二类(Cummer classification Ⅱ)

库马三类(Cummer classification Ⅲ)

库马四类(Cummer classification Ⅳ)

倒凹深度(deep of undercut)

倒凹坡度(slope of undercut)

制锁角(degree of lock)

邻间隙(interproximate space)

调节倒凹(adjustment undercut)

解剖式印模(anatomical impression)

功能性印模(functional impression)

蜡型(wax pattern)

装盒(flasking)

嵌体(inlay)

部分冠(partial crown)

3/4冠(three quarters crown)

开面冠(window crown)

贴面(venner)

半冠(half crown)

全冠(full crown)

金属全冠(metal full crown)

铸造金属全冠(casting full crown)

锤造冠(swaged crown)

非金属全冠(non metal full crown)

塑料全冠(plastic full crown)

瓷全冠(porcelain full crown)

混合全冠(compound full crown)

烤瓷熔附金属全冠(porcelain fused to metal crown)

金属—树脂混合全冠(metal-acrylic full crown)

核冠(core crown)

桩冠(post crown)

种植体牙冠(implant supported crown)

CAD-CAM修复体(computer aided design-computer aided manufactured)

邻接关系(proximal contact)

外展隙(embrasure)

上颌结节(maxillary tuberosity)

微漏(microleakage)

预防性扩展(extension for prevention)

牙体预备(tooth preparation)

抗力(resistance)

固位力(retention)

摩擦力(frictional force)

黏着力(adhesion)

洞斜面(bevel of cavity)

箱状洞形(box)

铸道(sprue)

熔铸(cast)

酸蚀(etching)

渗入突(tag)

黏结桥(resin bonded fixed partial denture)

全口义齿(complete denture)

无牙颌(edentulous jaws)

牙槽嵴(alveolar ridge)

口腔前庭(oral vestibule)

唇系带(labial frenum)

颊系带(buccal frenum)

颧突(zygomatic process)

覆盖义齿(over denture)

颊侧翼缘区(buccal flange area)

远中颊角区(distobuccal angles area)

切牙乳头(incisive papilla)

腭皱(palatal rugae)

上颌硬区(hard area)

翼上颌切迹(pterygomaxillary notch)

舌系带(lingual frenum)

舌下腺(sublingual glands)

下颌隆突(torus mandibularis)

“P”切迹(passamonti notch)

下颌舌骨嵴(mylohyoid ridges)

舌侧翼缘区(lingual flange area)

副承托区(secondary stress-bearing area)

边缘封闭区(border seal area)

吸附力(adsorption)

附着力(adhesion)

黏着力(cohesion)

即刻义齿(immediate denture)

单颌总义齿(single complete denture)

韧性(toughness)

尺寸改变(dimensional change)

热膨胀系数(coefficient of thermal expansion)

热导率(thermal conductivity)

流电性(galvanism)

失泽(tarnish)

腐蚀(corrosion)

应力(stress)

应变(strain)

载荷(loads)

拉应力(tensile stress)

压应力(compressive stress)

剪应力(shear stress)

剪切形变(shear deformation)

弹性模量(young modulus)

刚体(stiffness)

弹性形变(elastic deformation)

塑性形变(plastic deformation)

弹性极限(elastic limit)

比例极限(proportional limit)

屈服点(yield point)

屈服强度(yield strength)

极限强度(ultimate strength)

延伸率(elongation rate)

压缩率(compression rate)

回弹性(resilience)

高分子材料(polymer)

硬度(hardness)

挠屈强度(flecture strength)

老化(aged)

生物相容性(biocompatibility)

磨耗(wear)

粘接材料(luting cements)

复合树脂(composite resin)

石膏(gypsum)

包埋材料(investment material)

中熔合金铸造包埋材料(medium fusion alloy investment)

高熔合金铸造包埋材料(high fusion alloy investment)

失蜡法(lost wax)

铸造(casting)

锻制合金(wrought alloys)

分离剂(separating medium)

简介

皮肤病学

播散性单纯疱疹(disseminated herpes simplex)

单纯疱疹(herpes simplex)

水疱热(fever blisters)

冷疮(cold sore)

原发型单纯疱疹(primary herpes simplex)

复发型单纯疱疹(recurrent herpes simplex)

疱疹性外阴阴道炎(herpetic vulvovaginitis)

接种性单纯疱疹(inoculation herpes simplex)

疱疹性湿疹(herpetic eczema)

水痘样疹(varicelliform eruption)

新生儿疱疹(neonatal herpes)

口唇疱疹(herpes labiais)

颜面疱疹(herpes facialis)

生殖器疱疹(genital herpes)

疱疹病毒Ⅱ型感染症(herpes simplex virus Ⅱ infection)

复发性疱疹性角膜结膜炎(recurrent herpetic keratoconjunctivitis)

水痘(varicella)

带状疱疹(herpes zoster)

眼带状疱疹(herpes zoster ophthalmicus)

耳带状疱疹(herpes zoster oticus)

带状疱疹性脑膜脑炎(zoster meningoencephalitis)

内脏带状疱疹(visceral zoster)

挤奶人结节(milker nodules)

巨细胞包涵体病(cytomegalic inclusion disease)

B病毒病(B virus disease)

痘病毒性皮肤病(poxviruses dermatologic diseases)

天花(smallupox;variola)

牛痘(cowpox)

种痘反应(vaccination reaction)

丝状疣(filiform warts)

羊痘(orf)

传染性软疣(molluscum contagiosum)

猴痘(monkey pox)

猴天花病毒病(monkey smallpos virus disease)

亚巴猴病毒病(Yaba monkey virus disease)

猴被痘病毒病(tanapox virus disease)

疣(verruca;warts)

寻常疣(verruca vulgaris)

小儿丘疹性肢端皮炎(infantile papular acrodermatitis)

指状疣(digitate warts)

跖疣(verruca plantaris)

镶嵌疣(mosaic warts)

包涵疣(inclusion warts)

蚁丘疣(myrmecia)

扁平疣(verruca planae)

尖锐湿疣(condylomata acuminatum)

性病疣(venereal wart)

生殖器疣(genital wart)

巨型尖锐湿疣(giant condyloma acuminatum)

疣状表皮发育不良(epidermodysplasia verruciformis)

口腔炎性上皮增生(oral focal epithelial hyperplasia)

肝炎病毒所致的皮肤病(dermatologic diseases caused by hepatitis virus)

传染性水疱病(infectious vesicular disease)

副黏病毒性皮肤病(dermatologic diseases caused by paramyxovirus)

非典型麻疹综合征(atypical measles syndrome)

呼吸道合胞病毒感染(respiatory syncytial virus infection)

小核糖核酸病毒所致的皮肤病(dermatologic disease caused by picornavirus)

手、足、口病(hand-foot amd mouth disease)

口蹄病(foot and mouth disease)

绿猴病(green monkey disease)

柯萨奇湿疹(eczema Coxsackium)

柯萨奇病毒疹(coxsackie virus eruption)

埃可病毒疹(ECHO virus eruption)

虫媒病毒所致皮肤病(dermatologic diseases caused by arbovirus)

风疹(rubella;german measles)

西尼罗河热(West Nile fever)

白蛉热(sandfly fever)

球菌性皮肤病(coccobacterial dermatologic diseases)

非洲出血热(African hemorrhagic fever)

传染性红斑(erythema infectiosum)

第五种病(the fifth disease)

幼儿急疹(exanthema subitum)

婴儿玫瑰疹(roseola infantum)

第六种病(the sixth disease)

急性发疹前发热(critical preeruptive fever)

Duke病(Duke disease)

副猩红热(parascarlatina)

第四种病(the fourth disease)

鲍温样丘疹病(Bowenoid papulosis)

急性发热性皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征(acute febrile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome)

川崎病(Kawasaki disease)

中毒性休克综合征(toxic shock syndrome)

脓疱病(impetigo)

脓疱疮(impetigo)

传染性脓痂疹(impetigo contagiosa)

接触传染性脓疱疮(impetigo contagiosa)

新生儿大疱性脓疱疮(bullous impetigo of the newborn)

环状脓疱疮(impetigo circinata)

手足表浅性大疱性脓皮病(superficial bullous pyoderma of the hand or foot)

金葡菌性烫伤样皮肤综合征(staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome)

新生儿剥脱性皮炎(dermatitis exfoliativa neontorum)

金葡菌型中毒性表皮坏死松解症(staphylococcal toxic epidermal necrolysis)

Ritter病(Ritter disease)

须部假性毛囊炎(pseudofolliculitis barbae)

毛囊炎(folliculitis)

细菌性毛囊炎(bacterial folliculitis)

浅表毛囊炎(superficial folliculitis)

毛囊性脓疱疮(follicular impetigo)

小腿慢性毛囊炎(chronic folliculitis of the legs)

播散性复发性漏斗部毛囊炎(disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis)

单纯性毛囊炎(folliculitis simplex)

须疮(sycosis)

狼疮样须疮(lupoid sycosis)

头部毛囊周围炎(perifolliculitis capitis)

秃发性毛囊炎(folliculitis decalvans)

项部瘢痕疙瘩性毛囊炎(folliculitis keloidalis nuchae)

头部乳头状皮炎(dermatitis papillaris capilliti)

痤疮样瘢痕疙瘩(acne keloids)

脓肿性穿掘性头部毛囊周围炎(perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens)

头顶部穿掘性蜂窝组织炎(dissecting cellulitis of the scalp)

脓肿性穿掘性慢性脓皮病(pyoderma chronica abscedens et suffodiens)

穿通性鼻毛囊炎(perforating folliculitis of the nose)

坏死性痤疮(acne necrotica)

额部痤疮(acne frontalis)

痘疮样痤疮(acne varioliformis)

粟粒性坏死性痤疮(acne necrotica miliaris)

枕骨下硬结性毛囊炎(folliculitis muchae sclerotisans)

恶液质性臁疮(ecthyma cacheticum)

葡萄球菌性汗管周围炎(periporitis staphylogenes)

汗腺脓肿(sweat-gland abscesses)

化脓性汗腺炎(hidradenitis suppurativa)

面部脓皮病(pyoderma faciale)

Fournier坏疽(Fournier's gangrene)

细菌性共生性坏疽(bacterial synergistic gangrene)

手术后进行性共生性坏疽(postoperative progressive synergistic gangrene)

Meleney共生性坏疽(Meleney's synergistic gangrene)

慢性穿凿性窦道性溃疡(chronic undermining burrowing ulcers)

臁疮(ecthyma)

深脓疱疮(deep impetigo)

坏疽性臁疮(ecthyma gangrenosum)

慢性乳头状溃疡性脓皮病(pyodermia chronica papi-llaris et exulcerans)

婴儿肢端脓疱病(infantile acropustulosis)

下疳样脓皮病(chancriform pyoderma)

芽生菌病样脓皮病(blastomycosis-like pyoderma)

脑膜炎球菌血症(meningococcemia)

甲沟炎(paronychia)

多形模仿菌和阴道海雷氏感染(Mima-Herellea infection)

慢性链球菌性溃疡(chronic streptococcal ulcers)

组织抗原病(tissue autigen disease)

增殖性脓皮病(pyoderma vegetans)

增殖性皮炎(dermatitis vegetans)

脓毒败血症性皮炎(dermatitis septicopyemica)

增殖性良性天疱疮(benign pemphigus vegetans)

脓疱性细菌疹(pustular bacterid)

固定性脓疱性肢端皮炎(acuodermatitis pustulosa perstans)

淋菌性皮炎(gonococcal dermatitis)

淋菌性败血症(gonococcal septicemia)

Reiter综合征(Reiter syndrome)

尿道-眼-滑膜综合征(urethro-oculo-synovil syndrome)

黏膜-皮肤-眼综合征(muco-cutaneous-ocular syndrome)

感染性尿道关节炎(infective uroathritis)

Feissinger-Leroy-Reiter综合征(Feissinger-Leroy-Reiter syndrome)

瘤型麻风(lepromatous leprosy)

脑膜炎球菌感染(meningococcal infection)

华佛氏综合征(Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome)

沙漠疮(desert sore)

草原疮(reld sore)

葡萄状菌病(botryomycosis)

耳廓软骨膜炎(perichondritis)

化脓性甲沟炎(pyogenic paronychia)

麻风(leprosy)

结核样型麻风(tuberculoid leprosy)

肥大性狼疮(lupus hypertrophicus)

偏结核样型界线类麻风(tubercoloid borderline leprosy)

中间界线类麻风(borderline leprosy)

偏瘤型界线类麻风(lepromatous borderline leprosy)

未定类(indeterminate)

皮肤结核病(tuberculosis cutis)

结核性初疮(primary cutaneous tuberculosis)

原发性结核综合征(primary tuberculous complex)

结核性下疳(tuberculous chancre)

疣状皮肤结核(tuberculosis cutis verrucosa)

寻常狼疮(lupus vulgaris)

苹果酱现象(apple jelly phenomenon)

扁平狼疮(lupus planus)

结节性狼疮(lupus tuberosus)

肿胀性狼疮(lupus tumidus)

疣状狼疮(lupus verrucosus)

溃疡性皮肤结核(tuberculosis cutis ulcerosa)

乳头瘤样狼疮(lupus papillomatosus)

溃疡性狼疮(lupus ulcerosus)

匐行性狼疮(lupus serpiginosus)

残毁性狼疮(lupus mutilans)

播散性狼疮(lupus disseminatus)

癌肿性狼疮(lupus carcinoma)

瘰疬性皮肤结核(scrofuloderma;tuberculosis co-lliquativa)

结核性树胶样肿(tuberculous gumma)

腔口结核性溃疡(tuberculosis cutis orificialis,tuberculosis ulcerosa)

急性粟粒性皮肤结核(acute miliary tuberculosis of the skin)

播散性粟粒性皮肤结核(tuberculosis miliaris disseminata)

液化性皮肤结核(tuberculosis cutis colliquation)

Whitfield硬红斑(Whitfield erythema induratum)

腔口部皮肤结核(tuberculosis orificialis)

溃疡性粟粒结核病(tuberculosis miliaris ulcerosa)

结核疹(tuberculid)

瘰疬性苔藓(liehen scrofulosorum)

苔藓样皮肤结核(tuberculosis cutis lichenoides)

丘疹坏死性结核疹(papulonecrotic tuberculide)

丘疹坏死性结核(papulonecrotic tuberculosis)

痤疮炎(acnitis)

毛囊疹(folliclis)

阴茎结核疹(penis tuberculid)

结核性痤疮(acne scrofulosorum)

硬红斑(erythema induratum)

Bazin病(Bazin disease)

硬结性皮肤结核(tuberculosis cutis inclurativa)

Bazin硬红斑(Bazin erythema induratum)

绿脓杆菌性外耳道炎(pseudomonas external otitis)

结节性结核性静脉炎(phlebitis tuberculosa nodosa)

面部播散性粟粒性狼疮(lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei)

颜面粟粒性狼疮(lupus miliaris faciei)

毛囊性粟粒性狼疮(lupus miliaris follicularis)

粟粒狼疮样结核病(tuberculosis luposa miliaris)

颜面播散性粟粒性结核病(tuberculosis miliaris di-sseminata faciei)

酒渣鼻样结核疹(rosacea-like tuberculid)

苔藓样结核疹(lichenoid tuberculid)

坏死性溃疡(necrotic ulcer)

绿脓杆菌性毛囊炎(pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis)

浴池毛囊炎(hot tub folliculitis)

绿甲综合征(green nail syndrome)

绿脓杆菌趾蹼感染(pseudomonas toewed infection)

鼻硬结病(rhinoscleroma)

绿脓杆菌性龟头炎(pseudomonas aeruginosa balanitis)

鼻疽(malleus;glanders;eguinia)

马皮疽(farcy)

马鼻疽(equinia)

类鼻疽(melioidosis)

无色菌科感染(achromobacteriaceae infections)

秘鲁疣(verruca peruana)

卡里翁病(Carrion disease)

巴通病(bartonellosis)

着色杆菌病(chrombacteria)

硬结病(scleroma)

腹股沟肉芽肿(granuloma inguinale)

性病肉芽肿(granuloma venereum)

杜诺凡病(Donovaniosis)

软下疳(chancroid;ulcus molle)

多杀巴斯德斯杆菌病(pasteurella multocida)

出血性败血性巴杆菌病(hemorrhagic septicemic pasteurella multocida infection)

鼠咬热(rat-bite fever;sodoku)

沟状跖部角质松解症(keratolysis plantare sulcatum)

坏死杆菌病(necrobacillosis)

炭疽(anthrax)

李斯德菌病(listeriosis)

类丹毒(erysipeloid)

皮肤白喉(cutaneous diphtheria)

红癣(erythrasma)

腋毛癣(trichomycosis axillaris)

分支杆菌性脓疡(mycobacterial abscesses)

窝状角质松解症(pitted keratolysis)

类热带溃疡(tropicaloid ulcer)

急性女阴溃疡(ulcus vulvae acutum)

非典型分支杆菌所致的皮肤病(dermatoses caused by atypical mycobacteria)

游泳池肉芽肿(swimming pool granuloma)

堪萨斯分支杆菌的皮肤感染(skin infections due to mycobacteria kansasii)

瘰疬分支杆菌的皮肤感染(skin infections due to mycobacteric scrofulaceum)

分支杆菌性溃疡(mycobacterial ulceration)

婴儿坏疽性皮炎(dermatitis gangrenosa infantum)

龟分支杆菌皮肤感染(skin infections due to mycobacteria chelonei)

热带溃疡(tropical ulcer)

热带崩蚀性溃疡(tropical phagedenic ulcer)

楚尔盖分支杆菌感染(skin infections due to mycobacteria szulgai infection)

细胞内分支杆菌感染(intracellular mycobacterial infection)

偶然分支杆菌感染(skin infections due to mycobacteria fortuitum)

溃疡分支杆菌感染(skin infections due to mycobacteria ulcerans)

瘰疬分支杆菌感染(skin infections due to mycobacteria scrofulaceum)

坏疽性脓皮病(pyoderma gangrenosum)

McCarthy-Shklar综合征(McCarthy-Shklar syndrome)

螺旋体性皮肤病(spirochial dermatologic)

猫抓病(cat-scratch disease)

猫抓热(cat-scratch fever)

良性淋巴网状细胞增多症(benign lymphoreticulosis)

无菌性局限性淋巴结炎(sterile regional lymphadenitis)

性病性淋巴肉芽肿(lymphogranuloma venereum)

第四性病(the fourth venereal disease)

衣原体引起的皮肤病(chamydial dermatologic diseases)

饲鸟病(ornithosis)

鹦鹉热(psittacosis)

鸟疫(ornithosis)

腹股沟淋巴肉芽肿(lymphogranuloma inguinale)

花斑癣(tinea versicolor)

雅司(yaws)

热带莓疮(frambesia tropica)

品他(pinta)

地方性梅毒(endemic syphilis)

Lyme病(Lyme disease)

真菌病(mycosis)

浅表真菌病(superficial mycosis)

头癣(tinea capitis)

糠秕状皮肤霉菌病(dermatomycosis furfuracea)

色素癣菌病(chromophytosis)

掌黑癣(tinea nigra palmaris)

黑色糠秕疹(pityriasis nigra)

掌黑色角质真菌病(keratomycosis nigricans palmaris)

发结节病(piedra)

黑发结节病(black piedra)

白发结节病(white piedra)

毛孢子菌病(trichosporosis)

毛结节菌病(trichomycosis nodularis)

甲癣(tinea unguium)

须癣(tinea barbae)

体癣(tinea corporis)

股癣(tinea cruris)

手癣(tinea manus)

足癣(tinea pedis)

运动员足(athlete's foot)

着色真菌病(chromomycosis)

甲真菌病(onychomycosis)

远端甲下甲真菌病(distal subungual onychomycosis)

白色表浅甲真菌病(white superficial onychomycosis)

近端甲下甲真菌病(proximal subungual onychomycosis)

铁锈色癣菌性肉芽肿(mycotic granuloma caused by microsporum ferrugineum)

铁锈色癣菌性全身性肉芽肿(generalized mycotic granuloma caused by microsporum ferrugineum)

癣菌疹(dermatophytids)

圆锥孢子菌病(coniosporosis)

剥枫树皮者病(male bark stripper's disease)

皮下组织真菌病(subcutaneous mycosis)

鼻孢子菌病(rhinosporidiosis)

孢子丝菌病(sporotrichosis)

虫霉病(entomophthoromycosis)

冠状耳霉虫霉病(entomophthoromycosis conidiobolae coronata)

蛙粪固孢虫霉菌病(entomophthoromycosis basidiobolae haptosporus)

叶状霉菌病(lobomycosis)

瘢痕疙瘩芽生菌病(keloid blastomycosis)

皮炎芽生菌病(blastomycosis)

耳真菌病(otomycosis)

霉菌性外耳炎(mycotic otitis externa)

系统性真菌病(systemic mycoses)

组织胞浆菌病(histoplasmosis)

荚膜组织胞浆菌病(histoplasmosis capsulatum)

杜波氏组织胞浆菌病(histoplasmosis duboisii)

小型组织胞浆菌病(small-form histoplasmosis)

网状内皮组织胞浆菌病(reticuloendothelial cytomycosis)

念珠菌病(candidiasis)

北美芽生菌病(North American blastomycosis)

球孢子菌病(coccidioidomycosis)

山谷热(valley fever)

球孢子菌肉芽肿(coccididal granuloma)

沙漠风湿病(desert rheumatism)

副球孢子菌病(paracoccidioidomycosis)

南美芽生菌病(South American blastomycosis)

巴西芽生菌病(Brazilian blastomycosis)

类球孢子菌病肉芽肿(pseudococcidioidal granuloma)

条件致病性真菌感染(opportunity mycotic infection)

毛霉菌病(mucormycosis)

鹅口疮(thrush)

隐球菌病(cryptococcosis)

曲霉病(aspergillosis)

地丝菌病(geotrichosis)

放线菌病(actinomycosis)

藻菌病(phycomycosis)

丝状菌病(hyphomycosis)

接合菌病(zygomycosis)

鼓膜霉菌病(myringomycosis)

真菌性角膜炎(mycotic keratitis)

镰刀菌病(fusariomycosis)

青霉病(penicilliosis)

无绿藻病(protothecosis)

分枝孢子菌病(cladosporiosis)

褐色丝状菌病(phaeohyphomycosis)

尾孢霉菌病(cercosporomycosis)

结节性毛霉菌病(trichomycosis nodosa)

大颌病(lumpy jaw)

纤毛菌病(leptothrichosis)

链丝菌病(streptothrichosis)

足菌肿(mycetoma)

马杜拉足(Madura foot)

马杜拉真菌病(maduromycosis)

奴卡氏菌病(nocardiosis)

葡萄状菌病(botrymycosis)

皮肤阿米巴病(amebiasis cutis)

着色毛霉菌病(trichomycosis chromatica)

腋窝奴卡氏菌病(trichonocardiasis axillaris)

皮肤链互隔菌病(alternariasis cutis)

暗色丝孢霉病(phaeohyphomycosis)

透明丝孢霉病(hyalohyphomycosis)

皮肤黑热病(cutaneous leishmaniasis)

弥漫性皮肤黑热病(diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis)

滴虫病(trichomoniasis)

弓形体病(toxoplasmosis)

锥虫病(trypanosomiasis)

原发性皮肤黑热病(primary dermal leishmaniasis)

皮肤黏膜黑热病(mucocutaneous leishmaniasis)

美国利什曼病(American leishmaniasis)

棘球蚴病(echinococciasis)

播散性皮肤利什曼病(disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis)

播散性无活力的利什曼病(disseminated angergic leishmaniasis)

假瘤型麻风样皮肤利什曼病(leishmaniasis cutanea pseudolepromalosa)

东方疖(oriental sore)

热带利什曼病(leishmaniasis tropica)

皮肤利什曼病(cutaneous leishmaniasis)

皮肤猪囊虫病(cysticercosis cellulose cutis)

裂头蚴病(sparganosis)

皮肤腭口虫病(gnathostomiasis cutis)

内脏游走性幼虫病(gnathostomiasis)

包虫病(echinococcosis)

蛲虫病(enterobiasis)

钩虫皮炎(uncinarial dermatitis)

匐行疹(creeping eruption)

移行性幼虫疹(larva migrans)

皮肤游走性幼虫病(cutaneous larra migrans)

管道工痒症(plumber's itch)

沙虫病(sandworm disease)

游走性线状表皮炎(epidermitis linearis migrams)

皮肤丝虫病(filariasis cutis)

刺毛虫皮炎(caterpillar dermatitis)

弓蛔虫病(toxocariasis)

尾蚴皮炎(cercarial dermatitis)

血吸虫皮炎(schistosome dermatitis)

游泳痒(swimmer's itch)

沼泽痒(swamp itch)

淤泥痒(silt itch)

桑毛虫皮炎(euproctis similis dermatitis)

茶毛虫皮炎(euproctis pseudoconspersa dermatitis)

松毛虫皮炎(dendrolimus dermatitis)

虱咬症(pediculosis)

蚊叮伤(mosquito sting)

蠓叮伤(heleidae bite)

蚋叮伤(simuliidae bite)

白蛉叮伤(sandfly bite)

虻叮伤(tabanidae sting)

皮肤蝇蛆病(myiasis cutis)

蜱螫伤(tick sting)

臭虫痒症(cimicosis)

蚤咬伤(flea bite;pulicosis)

蜂螫伤(bee sting)

蚁螫伤(ants sting)

甲虫皮炎(beetle dermatitis)

隐翅虫皮炎(paederus dermatitis)

潜蚤病(tungiasis)

毛囊虫病(demodicidosis)

疥疮(scabies)

挪威疥(Norwegian scabies)

螨虫皮炎(acarodermatitis)

谷痒症(grain itch)

杂货痒(grocer itch)

草痒症(straw itch)

鸡螨皮炎(dermanyssus dermatitis)

鼠螨皮炎(trombiculosis)

恙螨皮炎(scrab itch;trombiculosis)

珊瑚皮炎(coral dermatitis)

蝎螫伤(scorpions sting)

蜘蛛螫伤(spider sting;araneida)

蜈蚣螫伤(centipede bite)

水母皮炎(jellyfish dermatitis)

海葵刺伤(sea anemones sting)

海草皮炎(dermatitis caused by seaweed)

珊瑚割伤(coral cuts)

海胆刺伤及海胆肉芽肿(sea urchin sting and sea urchin granuloma)

海星皮炎(starfish dermatitis)

海贝咬伤(marine shells bite)

海蝶刺伤(sea butterflies sting)

章鱼及其他头足类动物咬伤(octopuses and other cephalopods bite)

海绵皮炎及刺伤(sponges dermatitis and sting)

毒蛇咬伤(veuomous snake bite)

海水浴者皮疹(seabather's eruption)

海虱(sea lice)

海湾痒(gulf coast itch)

水蛭咬伤(hirudiniasis;leech bite)

毒鱼刺伤(venomous fishes sting)

黄貂鱼伤害(slingray injury)

蜥蜴咬伤(lizard bite;goannabite)

早期梅毒(early syphilis)

梅毒(syphilis)

性传播疾病(sexually transmitted diseases,STD)

一期梅毒(primary syphilis)

二期梅毒(secondary syphilis)

三期梅毒(tertiary syphilis)

过敏性或变态反应性皮肤病(anaphylactic allergic dermatosis)

晚期梅毒(late syphilis)

硬下疳(hard chancre)

潜伏梅毒(latent syphilis)

二期复发梅毒(secondary relapse syphilis)

晚期潜伏梅毒(late latent syphilis)

扁平湿疣(condyloma fiat)

淋病(gonorrhea)

传染性湿疹皮炎(infectious eczematous dermatitis)

接触性皮炎(contact dermatitis)

马桶皮炎(toilet seat dermatitis)

尿布皮炎(diaper dermatitis)

湿疹(eczema)

自身敏感性湿疹(auto-sensitization eczema)

自体敏感性皮炎(autosensitization eczema)

汗疱疹(pompholyx)

传染性皮炎(infectious dermatitis)

钱币状湿疹(nummular eczema)

盘状湿疹(discoid eczema)

婴儿湿疹(infantile eczema)

裂纹性湿疹(eczema craquele)

淤积性皮炎(stasis dermatitis)

异位性皮炎(atopic dermatitis)

遗传过敏性湿疹(atopic eczema)

体质性湿疹(eczema constitutionalis)

体质性神经性皮炎(neurodermatitis constitutionalis)

内源性湿疹(endogenous eczema)

Besnier痒疹(Besnier prurigo deathesique)

延迟性家族性局限性热荨麻疹(familial localized heat urticaria of delayed type)

颜面再发性皮炎(facial recurrent dermatitis)

荨麻疹(urticaria)

蛋白胨性荨麻疹(peptone urticaria)

血清病型荨麻疹(serum sickness urticaria)

接触性荨麻疹(contact urticaria)

寒冷性荨麻疹(cold urticaria)

获得性冷荨麻疹(aequired cold urticaria)

家族性冷荨麻疹(familial cold urticaria)

热性荨麻疹(heat urticaria)

局限性热荨麻疹(localized heat uricaria)

丘疹性荨麻疹(urticaria papulosa)

皮肤划痕症(dermographism)

人工荨麻疹(artificial urticaria)

延迟性皮肤划痕症(delayed dermographism)

延迟性压力性荨麻疹(delayed pressure urticaria)

胆碱能性荨麻疹(cholinergic urticaria)

日光性荨麻疹(solar urticaria)

水源性荨麻疹(aquagenic urticaria)

遗传性家族性荨麻疹综合征(hereditary familial urticaria syndrome)

血管性水肿(angioedema)

巨大荨麻疹(giant urticaria)

血管神经性水肿(angioneuroedema)

深部红斑狼疮(lupus erythematosus profundus,LEP)

急性单纯性痒疹(acute simple prurigo)

药疹(drug eruption)

红斑狼疮(lupus erythematosus)

盘状红斑狼疮(discoid lupus erythematosus,DLE)

亚急性皮肤型红斑狼疮(subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus,SCLE)

硬皮病(scleroderma)

系统性红斑狼疮(sytemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)

大疱性红斑狼疮(bullous lupus erythematosus)

狼疮发(lupus hair)

抗核抗体阴性的系统性红斑狼疮(ANA negative systemic lupus erythematosus)

新生儿红斑狼疮(neonatal lupus erythematosus,NLE)

红斑狼疮与扁平苔藓重叠综合征(lupus erythematosus and lichen planus overlap syndrome)

线状硬皮病(linear sclerodorma)

系统性硬皮病(systemic scleroderma)

限局性硬皮病(localized scleroderma)

硬斑病(morphea)

点滴状硬斑病(guffate morphea)

斑块状硬斑病(plaque-like morphea)

泛发状硬斑病(generalized morphea)

恶性红斑(malignant erythema)

进行性系统性硬化症(progressive systemic sclerosypu)

肢端硬皮病(acrosclerosis)

弥漫性硬皮病(diffuse systemic sclerosis)

CREST综合征(calcinosis cutis,Raynaud phenomenon,esophageal dysfunction,sclerodactyly and telangiectasia)

皮肌炎(dermatomyositis)

皮肤异色性皮肌炎(poikilodermatomyositis)

多发性肌炎(polymyositis,PM)

硬化性皮肌炎(sclerodermattomyositis)

Gottron征(Gottron sign)

瘙痒症(pruritus)

类风湿结节(rheumatoid nodules)

类风湿结节综合征(rheumatoid nodulosis syndrome)

类风湿血管炎(rheumatoid vasculitis)

Still病(Still disease)

混合结缔组织病(mixed connective tissue disease,MCTD)

重叠结缔组织病(overlaped connective tissue disease)

Hench-Rosenberg征(Hench-Rosenberg syndrome)

成纤维细胞性风湿病(fibroblastic rheumatism)

神经功能障碍性皮肤病(dermatosis of nervousfunctional disorder)

痒疹(prurigo)

全身性瘙痒症(pruritus universalis)

老年性瘙痒症(pruritus senilis)

冬季瘙痒症(pruritus hiemalis)

夏季瘙痒症(pruritus aestivalis)

局限性瘙痒症(pruritus localis)

肛门瘙痒症(pruritus ani)

阴囊瘙痒症(pruritus soroti)

女阴瘙痒症(pruritus vulvae)

头部瘙痒症(pruritus capitis)

腿部瘙痒症(pruritus cruris)

掌跖瘙痒症(pruritus palmaris et plantaris)

遗传性局限性瘙痒症(hereditary localized pruritus)

臂桡侧夏令瘙痒症(brachioradial summer pruritus)

冬痒(pruritus hiemalis)

神经性皮炎(neurodermatitis)

Vidal苔藓(Vidal lichen)

慢性单纯性苔藓(lichen simplex chronicus)

妊娠性痒病(prurigo gestationis)

成人急性单纯性痒疹(simple acute prurigo of adult)

暂时性痒疹(prurigo temporanea)

单纯性痒疹(prurigo simplex)

成人痒疹(adult prurigo)

寻常性痒疹(prurigo vulgaris)

色素性痒疹(prurigo pigment)

Hebra痒疹(Hebra prurigo)

小儿痒疹(child prurigo)

痒疹小结节(prurigo knnotchen)

轻症痒疹(prurigo mitis)

重症痒疹(prurigo agria)

夏季痒疹(prurigo aestivalis)

痒疹横痃(prurigo bubo)

结节性痒疹(prurigo nodularis)

疣状固定性荨麻疹(urticaria perstans verrucosa)

结节性苔藓(lichen nodularis)

寄生虫病妄想(delusions of parasitosis)

渗出性盘状及苔藓样皮炎(exudative discoid and lichonid dermatitis)

苔藓样念珠状病(morbus moniliformis lichenoides)

念珠状疹(morbus moniliformis)

拔毛癖(trichotillomania)

人工皮炎(factitial dermatitis)

咬甲癖(onychophagia)

捻皮癖(dermatothlasia)

神经官能病性表皮剥脱(neurotic excoriation)

荨麻疹性痤疮(acne urticaria)

疾病恐怖(nosophobia)

皮肤病恐怖(dermatophobia)

麻风恐怖(leprophobia)

疥疮恐怖(scabiophobia)

梅毒恐怖(syphilophobia)

臭汗症恐怖(bromidroziphobia)

感觉减退(hypoesthesia)

皮肤垢着病(cutaneuous dirtadherent disease)

渗出性神经性皮炎(exudative neurodermatitis)

皮肤行为症(cutaneous behavior disorders)

面红和面红恐惧症(blushing and erythrophobia)

痒点(puncta prunitica)

皮痛(dermatalgia)

皮肤神经痛(neuralgia cutis)

灼痛(causalgia)

感觉过敏(hyperesthesia)

新生儿中毒性红斑(erythema toxicum neonatorun)

感觉异常(paraesthesia)

股外侧皮神经炎(lateral femoral cutaneous neuritis)

感觉异常性股痛(meralgia paraesthetica)

红斑丘疹鳞屑性皮肤病(dermatologic diseases with erythema,papule and seales)

红斑性皮肤病(erythema tous dermatosis)

猩红热样红斑(scarlatiniform erythema)

变应性亚败血症性红斑(erythema subsepsis allergica)

毒性红斑(toxic erythema)

中毒疹(toxic eruption)

离心性环状红斑(erythema annulare centrifugum)

新生儿过敏性红斑(erythema neonatorum allergicum)

新生儿红斑(erythema neonatorum)

新生儿荨麻疹(urticaria neonatorum)

新生儿暂时性萎缩性回状红斑(erythema gyratum atrophicans transiens neonatorum)

多形红斑(erythema multiforme)

渗出性多形红斑(erythema multiforme exudativum)

Stevens-Johnson综合征(Stevens-Johnson syndrome)

多腔口外胚叶糜烂症(ectodemosis erosiva pluriorificialis)

图状红斑(figurative erythema)

环状红斑(annular erythema)

持久性色素异常性红斑(erythema dyschromicum perstans)

匐行性回状红斑(erythema gyratum repens)

回状单纯红斑(erythema simplex gyratum)

风湿性边缘性红斑(erythema marginatum rheumaticum)

风湿性环状红斑(erythema annulare rheumaticum)

持久性红斑(erythema perstans)

慢性迁移性红斑(erythema chronicum migrans)

酒性红斑(alcoholic erythema)

鲭鱼潮红(mahimahi flush)

针鱼中毒(saurine poisoning)

鲭鱼类中毒所致的潮红综合征(flushing syndrome due to mahimahi poisoning)

蛇行状银屑病(psoriasis serpiginosa)

灰色皮病(ashy dermatosis)

掌红斑(erythema palmare)

丘疹鳞屑性皮肤病(papulosquamous dermatosis)

银屑病(psoriasis)

寻常型银屑病(psoriasis vulgaris)

薄膜现象(thin membrane phenomenon)

点状出血现象(pinpoint bleeding phenomenon)

点滴状银屑病(psoriasis gnttata)

点状银屑病(psoriasis punctata)

钱币状银屑病(psoriasis nummularis)

地图状银屑病(psoriasis geographica)

环状银屑病(psoriasis annulata)

回状银屑病(psoriasis gyrata)

带状银屑病(psoriasis zosterformis)

红皮病型银屑病(erythroderma psoriaticum)

泛发性银屑病(psoriasis universalis)

脂溢性皮炎样银屑病(seborrheic dermatitis-like pso-riasis)

蛎壳状银屑病(psoriasis rupioides)

扁平苔藓样银屑病(lichen planus-like psoriasis)

慢性肥厚型银屑病(psoriasis hypertrophica chronica)

疣状银屑病(psoriasis verrucosa)

冬季型银屑病(psoriasis hiemalis)

夏季型银屑病(psoriasis aestivalis)

同形反应(isomorphic phenomenon)

K?bner现象(K?bner phenomenon)

人工银屑病(psoriasis factitia)

银屑病白斑(leucoderma psoriaticum)

脓疱型银屑病(psoriasis pustulosa)

泛发型脓疱型银屑病(generalized pustular psoriasis)

掌跖脓疱型银屑病(pustular psoriasis of the palms and soles)

关节病型银屑病(psoriasis arthropathica)

银屑病性关节炎(psoriatic arthritis)

小斑片状类银屑病(parapsoriasis en petites plaques)

银屑病性剥脱性皮炎(psoriatic exfoliative dermatitis)

Munro微溃疡(Munro microabscess)

海绵状脓疱(spongiform pustule)

类银屑病(parapsoriasis)

副银屑病(parapsoriasis)

足穿通性溃疡(perforating ulcer of the foot)

足穿通病(malum pefforans pedis)

点滴状类银屑病(parapsoriasis guttata)

苔藓样类银屑病(parapsoriasis lichenoides)

斑片状类银屑病(parapsoriasis en plaques)

蕈样前期类银屑病(premycotic parapsoriasis)

大斑片状类银屑病(parapsoriasis en grandes plaques)

杂色性类银屑病(parapsoriasis vaiegata)

痘疮样类银屑病(parapsoriasis varioliformis)

急性痘疮样苔藓状糠疹(parapsoriasis lichenoides en varioformis acuta)

Mucha-Habermann病(Mucha-Habermann disease)

苔藓样网状类银屑病(lichenoid and retiform parapsoriasis)

网状类银屑病(parapsoriasis retfformis)

良性斑片状类银屑病(parapsoriasis en plaques,benign type)

持久性黄色红皮症(xanthoerythroderma perstans)

慢性浅表皮炎(chronic superficial dermatitis)

指状类银屑病(parapsoriasis digitiformis)

萎缩性类银屑病(atrophic parapsoriasis)

血管萎缩性皮肤异色病(poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans)

毛发红糠疹(pityriasis ruber pilaris)

单纯大斑片状类银屑病(parapsoriasis en grandes plaques simplex)

皮肤异色病样大斑片状类银屑病(parapsoriasis en grandes plaques poikilodermiques)

尿布银屑病(napkin psoriasis)

银屑病样尿布皮炎(psoriasiform napkin dermatitis)

婴儿银屑病(infantile psoriasis)

单纯糠疹(pityriasis simplex)

白色糠疹(pityriasis alba)

链球菌性糠疹(pityriasis streptogenes)

面部干性糠疹(pityriasis sicca faciei)

链球菌性红斑(erythema streptogenes)

连圈状糠秕疹(pityriasis circinata)

远山连圈状糠秕疹(pityriasis circinata Toyama)

松浦正圆形糠秕疹(pityriasis rotunda Matsuura)

石棉状糠疹(pityriasis amiantacea)

石棉状癣(tinea amiantacea)

肥厚性扁平苔藓(lichen planus hypertrophicus)

毛发糠疹(pityriasis pilaris)

尖锐苔藓(lichen acuminatus)

尖锐红苔藓(lichen ruber acuminatus)

妊娠丘疹性皮炎(papular dermatitis of pergnancy)

黑色丘疹皮病(dermatosis papulosa nigra)

扁平苔藓(lichen planus)

红色扁平苔藓(lichen ruber planus)

急性泛发性扁平苔藓(acute widespread lichen planus)

慢性局限性扁平苔藓(chronic localized lichen planus)

亚热带扁平苔藓(lichen planus subtropicus)

疣状扁平苔藓(lichen planus verrucosus)

线状扁平苔藓(lichen planus linearis)

环状扁平苔藓(lichen planus annularis)

萎缩性扁平苔藓(lichen planus atrophicus)

毛囊性扁平苔藓(lichen planus follicularis)

扁平毛发苔藓(lichen planopilaris)

钝头性扁平苔藓(lichen planus obtusus)

大疱性扁平苔藓(lichen planus bullosus)

天疱疮样扁平苔藓(lichen planus pemphigoides)

滴状扁平苔藓(lichen planus guttata)

红斑性扁平苔藓(lichen planus erythematosus)

出血性扁平苔藓(lichen planus haemorrhagicus)

掌跖扁平苔藓(lichen planus of the palms and soles)

糜烂和溃疡性扁平苔藓(erosive and ulcerative lichen planus)

热带性扁平苔藓(lichen planus tropicus)

带状皮病(zonal dermatosis)

光线性扁平苔藓(lichen planus actinicus)

孤立性扁平苔鲜(solitary lichen planus)

色素性扁平苔藓(lichen planus pigmentosus)

类天疱疮样扁平苔藓(lichen planus pemphigoides)

扁平苔藓样角化病(lichen planus-like keratosis)

硬化性萎缩性苔藓(lichen sclerosus et atrophicus)

硬斑病样扁平苔藓(lichen planus morphoeicus)

白点病(white-spot disease)

白色苔藓(lichen albus)

萎缩性慢性苔藓样皮炎(dermatitis lichenoides chronica atrophicans)

念珠状红苔藓(lichen ruber moniliformis)

苔藓样念珠状病(morbus moniliformis lichenoides)

尖锐红苔藓(lichen ruber acuminatus)

金黄色苔藓(lichen aureus)

紫癜性苔藓(lichen purpuricus)

线状苔藓(lichen striatus)

脱屑性红皮病(erythroderma desquamativum)

苔藓样营养神经病(lichenoid trophoneurosis)

光泽苔藓(lichen nitidus)

面部萎缩性毛发角化病(keratosis pilaris atrophicans faciei)

眉部瘢痕性红斑(ulerythema ophryogenes)

小棘苔藓(lichen spinulosus)

棘状角化病(keratosis spinulosus)

棘状毛囊角化病(keratosis follicularis spinulosa)

小棘毛发苔藓(lichen pilaris spinulosus)

症状性苔藓样疹(symptomatic lichenoid eruptions)

扁平苔藓样疹(lichen planus-like eruptions)

慢性苔藓样角化病(keratosis lichenoides chronica)

剥脱性皮炎(exfoliative dermatitis)

红皮病(erythroderma)

落叶型天疱疮(pemphigus foliaceus)

Leiner病(Leiner disease)

疱疹性皮肤病(herptic dermatologic diseases)

天疱疮(pemphigus)

寻常型天疱疮(pemphigus vulgaris)

增殖性天疱疮(pemphigus vegetans)

大疱性类天疱疮(bullous pemphigoid)

红斑型天疱疮(pemphigus erythematosus)

家族性慢性良性天疱疮(familial benign chronic pemphigus)

类天疱疮(pemphigoid)

老年性天疱疮(senile pemphigus)

疱疹样天疱疮(herpetiform pemphigus)

泛发性类天疱疮(generalized pemphigoid)

老年性疱疹样皮炎(senile herpetiform dermatitis)

局限性类天疱疮(localized pemphigoid)

局限性自限性类天疱疮(localized self-limited pemphigoid)

Brusting-Berrg型类天疱疮(Brusting-Berrg pemphigoid)

增殖性类天疱疮(vegetans pemphigoid)

瘢痕性类天疱疮(cicatricial pemphigoid)

疱疹样皮炎(dermatitis herpetiformis)

成人线状IgA大疱性皮病(adult form of linear IgA bullous dennatosis)

良性黏膜类天疱疮(benign mucosal pemphigoid)

眼类天疱疮(ocular pemphigoid)

妊娠疱疹(herpes gestations)

混合型大疱性皮病(mixed bullous dermatosis)

多形性类天疱疮(pleomorphous pemphigoid)

线状IgA大疱性皮病(linear IgA bullous dermatosis)

儿童线状IgA大疱性皮病(childhood form of linear IgA bullous dermatosis)

儿童良性慢性大疱性皮病(benign chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood)

持久性脓疱性汗疱疹(persistent pustular pompholyx)

疱疹样脓疱病(impetigo herpetiformis)

脓疱性疱疹样皮炎(dermatitis herpetiformis pustulosa)

获得性大疱表皮松解症(epidermolysis bullosa acquisita)

Hailey-Hailey病(Hailey-Hailey disease)

暂时性棘层松解性皮病(transient acantholytic dermatosis)

掌跖脓疱病(pustulosis palmaris et plantaris)

脓疱性细菌疹(pustular bacterid)

婴儿肢端脓疱病(infantile acropustulosis)

连续性肢端皮炎(acrodermatitis continua)

固定性肢端皮炎(acrodermatitis perstans)

持久性肢端皮炎(acrodermatitis perstans)

匐行性皮炎(dermatitis repens)

肢端脓疱病(acropustulosis)

角层下脓疱病(subcorneal pustular dermatosis)

中毒性表皮坏死松解症(toxic epidermal necrolysis)

Lyell病(Lyell disease)

嗜酸性脓疱性毛囊炎(eosinophilic pustular folliculitis)

新生儿一过性脓疱性黑变病(transient neonatal pustular melanosis)

转移性皮肤钙质沉着症(metastatic calcinosis cutis)

维生素A缺乏症(avitaminosis A;hypovitaminosis A)

蟾皮病(phrynoderma)

红孩病(kwashiorkor)

蛋白质营养不良(protein malnutrition)

蛋白质缺乏(protein deficiency)

胡萝卜素血症(carotinemia)

钙质沉着症(calcinosis)

特发性皮肤钙质沉着症(idiopathic calcinosis cutis)

阴囊特发性皮肤钙质沉着症(idiopathic calcinosis of the scrotum)

肿瘤性钙质沉着症(tumoral calcinosis)

淀粉样变性(amyloidosis)

营养不良性钙质沉着症(dystrophic calcinosis cutis)

黄瘤病(xanthomatosis)

青少年黄色肉芽肿(juvenile xanthogranuloma)

痣性黄色内皮细胞瘤(nevoxanthoendothelioma)

青少年黄色瘤病(juvenile xanthoma)

播散性黄瘤(xanthoma disseminatum)

泛发性扁平黄瘤(generalized plane xanthomatosis)

泛发性黄斑瘤(generalizde xanthelasma)

疣状黄瘤(verruciform xanthoma)

萎缩性结节状皮肤淀粉样变性(atrophic nodular cutaneous amyloidosis)

β-原纤维病(β-fibrillosis)

原发性皮肤淀粉样变(primary cutaneous amyloidosis)

淀粉样变苔藓(lichen amyloidosis)

丘疹形淀粉样变性(papular amyloidosis)

苔藓样淀粉样变病(lichenoid amyloidosis)

斑状淀粉样变病(macular amyloidosis,MA)

斑疹形淀粉样变性(macular amyloidosis)

双相形淀粉样变性(biphasic amyloidosis)

混合形淀粉样变性(mixed amyloidosis)

结节形皮肤淀粉样变病(nodular form of cutaneous amyloidosis)

肿胀型皮肤淀粉样变性(tumefactive form of cutaneous amyloidosis)

瘤形皮肤淀粉样变病(amyloidosis tumor)

局限性结节型淀粉样变性(localized nodular amyloi-dosis)

结节萎缩型皮肤淀粉样变性(nodular atrophic cutaneous amyloidosis)

腱黄瘤(tendon xanthoma)

皮肤异色病样淀粉样变性(poikilodermalike cutaneous amyloidosis,PCA)

肛门骶尾部皮肤淀粉样变性(anosacral cutaneous amyloidosis)

原发性系统性淀粉样变性病(primary systemic amyloidosis)

Lubarsch-Pick病(Lubarsch-Pick disease)

继发性系统性淀粉样变性(secondary systemic amyloidosis)

遗传性系统性淀粉样变性(inherited systemic amyloidosis)

痣样黄瘤(nevo-xanthoma)

渐进性坏死性黄色肉芽肿伴异型蛋白血症(necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with paraproteinemia)

具有副球蛋白血症的渐进坏死性黄色肉芽肿(necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with paraproteinemia)

继发性或症状性黄色瘤病(secondary or symptomatic xanthomatosis)

结节性黄瘤(tuberous xanthoma)

胫前黏液性水肿(pertibial myxedema)

发疹性黄瘤(erupive xanthoma)

扁平黄瘤(plane xanthoma)

掌黄瘤(palmar xanthoma)

睑黄瘤(xanthelasma)

蔬菜日光皮炎(vegetable-solar dermatitis)

植物日光皮炎(phytophotodermatitis)

泥螺日光皮炎(bullactophotodermatitis)

黏液性水肿(myxedema)

全身性黏液性水肿(generalized myxedema)

胶样粟丘疹(colloid milium)

甲状腺毒性黏蛋白沉积症(thyriodotoxic mucinosis)

真性黏液性水肿(true myxedema)

黏液水肿性苔藓(lichen myxedematosus)

丘疹性黏蛋白病(papular mucinosis)

苔藓性纤维黏蛋白病(lichenfibromucinodosis)

硬化性黏液性水肿(scleromyxedema)

甲状腺性杵状指(thyroid acropachy)

呆小症(cretinism)

先天性甲状腺功能减退症(congenital hypothyroidosim)

硬肿症(scleredema)

类癌综合征(carcinoid syndrome)

皮肤胶样变性(cutaneous colloid degeneration)

胶样假性粟丘疹(colloid pseudomilium)

黑棘皮病(acanthosis nigricans)

黑角化病(keratosis nigricans)

色素性乳头状营养不良(dystrophie papillaire et pigmentaire)

皮肤乳头瘤病(cutaneous papillomatosis)

Gougerot-Carleaud综合征(Gougerot-Carleaud syndrome)

点状色素性疣状乳头瘤病(punctate pigmented verrucous papillomatosis)

融合性网状乳头瘤病(confluentant and reticulated papillomatosis)

钱币状融合性乳头瘤病(nummular and confluent papillomatosis)

糖尿病性神经疾病(diabetic neurpathy)

Bjork综合征(Bjork syndrome)

月经疹(exanthema menstruale)

自身过敏性孕酮皮炎(autoimmue progesterone dermatitis)

坏死松解性游走性红斑(necrolytic migratory erythema)

胰高血糖素瘤综合征(glucagonoma syndrome)

成人硬肿症(sclerederma adultorum)

Buschke硬肿症(sclerederma of Buschke)

Morquio病(Morquio disease)

糖尿病性皮肤病(skin disorders in diabetics)

糖尿病性皮肤发红(diabetic rubeosis)

糖尿病性血管病(diabetic vascular disease)

显微镜性皮肤病(microscopic dermatosis)

糖尿病性局部缺血(diabetic ischaemia)

雀斑(freckles)

特发性大疱(idiopathic bullae)

肠病性肢端皮炎(acrodermatitis enteropathica)

新生儿硬化症(sclerema neonatorum)

新生儿水肿(edema neonatorum)

水肿性硬化症(sclerema edematocum)

新生儿皮下脂肪坏死(adiponecrosis subcutanea neonatorum)

临死前脂肪硬固(pre-agonal induration)

黑皮病(melanism)

Civatte皮肤异色病(poikiloderma of Civatte)

咖啡斑(café-au-lait spots)

黄褐斑(chloasma;melasma)

Riehl黑变病(Riehl melanosis)

焦油黑变病(tar melanosis)

炎症后黑变病(postinflammatory melanosis)

皱折部网状色素异常(reticulate pigmented anomaly of the flexures-dowling degos)

血管萎缩性皮肤异色病(poikiloderma atrophicans vasculare)

色素性口周红斑(pigmented peribuccal erythema of Brocq)

面颈毛囊性红斑黑变病(erythromelanosis follicularis of the face and neck)

摩擦黑变病(friction melanosis)

泛发性色素异常症(dyschromatosis universalis)

网状色素皮病(dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis)

家族性进行性色素过度沉着症(familial progressive hyperpigmentation)

网状肢端色素沉着斑(acropigmen tatio reticularis)

药物引起的色素异常(drug-induced pigmentation abnormalities)

进行性肢端色素沉着病(acromelanosis progressiva)

遗传性对称性色素异常症(dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaris)

特发性多发性斑状色素沉着症(pigmentatio macularis multiple idiopathica)

蒙古斑(mongolian spot)

褐黄病(ochronosis)

全身疾病伴发黑素沉着(hypermelanosis in other systemic disorders)

多发性黑子综合征(multiple lentigines syndrome)

黑皮哮喘(melanodermic asthma)

金属沉积(chrysiasis;metallic deposition)

银沉着病(argyria)

金沉着病(chrysiasis)

铋色素沉着(bismuth-induced pigmentation)

汞色素沉着(mercury-induced pigmentation)

铁色素沉着(iron-induced pigmentation)

黑子(lentigo)

单纯性雀斑样痣(simple lentigines)

幼年雀斑样痣(juvenile lentigines)

泛发性黑子病(generalized lentiginosis)

发疹性黑子病(eruptive lentiginosis)

良性幼年黑素瘤(benign juvenile melanoma)

豹综合征(leopard syndrome)

进行性心肌病性黑子病(progressive cardiomyopathic lentiginosis)

心脏皮肤综合征(cardiocutaneous syndrome)

面正中黑子病(centrofacial lentiginosis)

色素沉着-息肉综合征(pigmentation-polyposis syndrome)

口周黑子病(periorificial lentiginosis)

Peutz-jeghers综合征(Peutz-jeghers syndrome)

肠道血管瘤粘膜皮肤色素沉着症(mucocutaneous pigmentation with intestinal hae mangiomatosis)

痣细胞痣(naevocytic naevus)

交界痣(junctional naevus)

混合痣(compound naevus)

皮内痣(intradermal naevus)

色素痣(pigmented naevus)

细胞痣(cellular naevus)

痣(mole)

黑素细胞痣(melanocytic nevus)

结合膜痣(conjunctival naevus)

甲母痣(naevi of nail matrix)

新生儿皮肤颜色改变(harlequin colour change)

梭形细胞和上皮细胞痣(spindle cell epitheloid cell nevus)

先天性色素痣(congenital pigmented naevus)

兽皮痣(animal skin naevi)

神经皮肤黑变病(neurocutaneous melanosis)

蓝痣(blue naevus)

蓝神经痣(blue neuronevus)

色素细胞瘤(chromatophoroma)

黑素纤维瘤(melanofibroma)

太田痣(naevus of Ola)

眼上腭部褐青色痣(naevus-fusco-caeruleus pohthalmomaxillaris)

色素性毛表皮痣(pigmented hairy epidermal naevus)

Becker痣(Becker naevus)

伊藤痣(naevus of Ito)

肩峰三角肌褐青色痣(naevus fusco-caeruleus acromiodeltoideus)

婴儿色素性神经外胚叶肿瘤(melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy)

恶性雀斑样痣(lentigo maligna)

内源性非黑素色素沉着(endogenous non-melanin pigmentation)

含铁血黄素沉着病(haemosiderinosis)

外源性色素沉着(exogenous pigmentation)

重金属沉着病(heavy metallic pigmentation)

纹身(tattoos)

装饰性纹身(decorative tattoos)

纹身肉芽肿(tattoo granuloma)

爆炸粉粒沉着症(accidental tattoos)

硅肉芽肿(silica granuloma)

气球状细胞痣(balloon cell nevus)

先天性巨形色素痣(congenital giant pigmented nevus)

眼皮痣(oculocutaneous nevus)

良性间叶黑素瘤(benign mesenchymomelanoma)

黑素棘皮瘤(melanoacanthoma)

非痣样良性黑素上皮瘤(non-nevoid benign melanoe-pithelioma)

日光性雀斑样痣(solar lentigines)

老年性雀斑样痣(senile lentigines)

特发性滴状色素减退症(idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis)

黑素性雀斑(melanotic freckle)

限界性癌前期黑变病(circumscribde precancerous melanosis)

癌前期非痣样黑素细胞瘤(precancerous non-nevoid melanocytoma)

癌前期黑变病(premalignant melanosis)

恶性黑素瘤(malignant melanoma)

黑素瘤(melanoma)

黑素肉瘤(melanosarcoma)

白癜风(vitiligo)

离心性后天性白斑(leukoderma acquisitum centrifugum)

晕痣(halo naevus)

无色素痣(achromic nevus)

先天性血管瘤(congenital hemangioma)

播散性豆状白皮病(disseminate lenticular leucoderma)

白化病(albinism)

白斑病(leukopathia)

先天性色素缺乏(achromia congenitalis)

泛发性白化病(generalized albinism)

眼皮肤白化病(oculocutaneous albinism)

眼白化病(ocular albinism)

斑状白化病(piebaldism)

斑驳病(piebaldism)

图案状白皮病(patterned leukoderma)

黄皮症(xanthismus)

部分白化病(partial albinism)

无色素性色素失禁症(incontinentica pigmenti achromians)

Vogt-小柳综合征(Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome)

Harada综合征(Harada syndrome)

对称性进行性白斑(symmetrical progressive

leukopathy)

老年性白斑(senile leukoderma)

老年性黑子(senile lentigo)

贫血痣(nevus anaemicus)

血管瘤(hemangioma)

血管球瘤(glomus tumor)

鲜红斑痣(naevus flammeus)

葡萄酒样痣(port-wine stains)

毛细血管扩张痣(naevus telangiectaticus)

草莓状血管瘤(strawberry hemangioma)

毛细血管瘤(capillary hemangioma)

单纯性血管瘤(hemangioma simplex)

草莓状痣(strawberry naevus)

海绵状血管瘤(cavernous hemangioma)

混合型血管瘤(mixed hemangioma)

静脉血管瘤(venous hemangioma)

动静脉血管瘤(arteriovenous hemangioma)

单侧痣样毛细血管扩张(unilateral nevoid telangiectasia)

化脓性肉芽肿(pyogenic granuloma)

良性血管内皮瘤(benign hemangioendothelioma)

球状血管瘤(glomangioma)

疣状血管瘤(verrucous haemangioma)

血管角化瘤(angiokeratoma)

肢端型血管角化瘤(angiokeratoma acroasphyticum)

冻疮样痣(nevus a pernione)

疣状毛细血管扩张(verruca telangiectatica)

阴囊型血管角化瘤(angiokeratoma of the scrotum)

Fordyce血管角化瘤(Fordyce angiokeratoma)

丘疹型血管角化瘤(popular angiokeratoma)

局限性血管角化瘤(angiokeratoma circumscriptum)

角化性血管瘤(keratotic hemangioma)

老年性血管瘤(senile angioma)

樱桃样血管瘤(cherry angioma)

De Morgan斑(De Morgan spot)

血管性皮肤病(vascular dermatologic diseases)

单纯性毛细血管瘤(simple capillary hemangioma)

幼年性毛细血管瘤(juvenile capillary hemangioma)

恶性血管内皮瘤(malignant hemangioendothelioma)

血管肉瘤(angiosarcoma)

恶性血管外被细胞瘤(malignant hemangioperictoma)

血管周细胞瘤(hemangiopericytoma)

血管内乳头状内皮细胞增生(intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia)

Masson假性血管肉瘤(Masson pseudoangiosarcoma)

淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma)

淋巴管肉瘤(lympyhangiosarcoma of Stewart and Treves)

恶性淋巴管内皮瘤(malignant lymphangioendothelioma)

特发性混合型冷球蛋白血症(essential mixed cryoglobulinemia)

变应性皮肤血管炎(allergic cutaneous vasculitis)

变应性细小动脉炎(arteriolitis allergica)

结节性真皮过敏疹(nodular dermal allergid)

Gongerot 1-5联症(mono-penta symptom complex of Gougerot)

过敏性血管炎(hypersensitivity angiitis)

皮肤系统性(cutaneous systemic angiitides)

变应性脉管炎(allergic vasculitis)

出血性细菌疹(hemorrhagic microbids)

结节性坏死性皮炎(dermatitis nodularis necrotica)

白细胞碎裂性血管炎(leukocytoclastic angiitis)

系统性变应性脉管炎(systemic allergic vasculitis)

低补体血症性血管炎(hypocomplementemic vasculitis)

荨麻疹性血管炎(urticarial vasculitis)

色素性紫癜性苔藓样皮炎(pigmented purpuric lichenoid dermatosis)

毛细血管扩张(telangiectasis)

先天性毛细血管扩张性大理石样皮肤(cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita)

先天性泛发性静脉扩张(congenital generalizde phlebectasia)

先天性网状青斑(congenital reticular livedo)

Van Lohuizen综合征(Van Lohuizen syndrome)

共济失调性毛细血管扩张症(ataxia telangiectasia)

Louis-Bar综合征(Louis-Bar syndrome)

色素性紫癜性皮病(pigmentary purpura dermatosis)

慢性色素性紫癜(chronic pigmentary purpura)

进行性色素性紫癜性皮肤病(progressive pigmented purpuric dermatosis)

Schamberg病(Schamberg disease)

特异性进行性色素性皮病(peculiar progressive pigmentary disease of the skin)

暴发性紫癜(purpura fulminans)

Gougerot和Blum病(Gougerot and Blum disease)

伴苔藓样损害的瘙痒性血管硬化性紫癜(purpura angiosclereux prurineux avec éléments lichénoides)

毛细血管扩张性环状紫癜(purpura annularis telangiectosis)

Majocchi紫癜(Majocchi purpura)

环状毛囊性毛细血管扩张(telangiectasia follicularis annularis)

过敏性紫癜(anaphylactoid purpura)

急性血管性紫癜(acute vascular purpura)

出血性毛细血管中毒症(hemorrhagic capillary toxicosis)

过敏性血管性紫癜(anaphylactoid vascular purpura)

亨-许氏综合征(Henoch-Schonlein syndrome)

单纯型紫癜(purpura simplex)

皮肤型紫癜(purpura cutis)

关节型紫癜(purpura arthrotica)

胃肠型紫癜(purpura gastrointestinalis)

肾型紫癜(renal purpura)

异常蛋白血症性紫癜(purpura dysproteinemia)

出血性紫癜(purpura hemorrhagica)

坏死性紫癜(purpura necrotica)

坏疽性紫癜(purpura gangrenosa)

中毒性紫癜(toxic purpura)

药物性紫癜(drug purpura)

老年性紫癜(purpura senilis)

老年性坏血病(scurvy of old age)

老年性人工紫癜(purpura factitia semilis)

淤滞性紫癜(stasis purpura)

肢端血管性皮炎(acroangiodermatitis)

皮质激素性紫癜(corticosteroid purpura)

新生儿紫癜(neonatal purpura)

血管内压增高性紫癜(purpura due to raised intravascular pressure)

高球蛋白血症性紫癜(purpura hyperglobulinaemia)

良性高球蛋白血症(benign hyperglobulinemia)

Waldenstrom紫癜性高球蛋白血症(Waldenstrom purpuric hyperglobulinaemia)

巨球蛋白血症性紫癜(purpura macroglobulinaemica)

冷球蛋白血症性紫癜(purpura cryoglobulinaemica)

原发性淀粉样变紫癜(purpura of primary amyloi-dosis)

多发性骨髓瘤性紫癜(purpura of multiple myeloma)

湿疹样紫癜(eczematide-like purpura)

脓疱性血管炎(pustular vasculitis)

直立性紫癜(orthostatic purpura)

机械性紫癜(mechanical purpura)

匐行性血管瘤(angioma serpginosum)

郁滞性皮下硬化症(stasis hypodermosclerosis)

Mondor病(Mondor disease)

持久性隆起红斑(erythema elevatum dintinum)

细胞外胆固醇沉着症(extracellular cholesterosis)

急性发热性嗜中性皮病(acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis)

Sweet综合征(Sweet syndrome)

Churg Strauss综合征(Churg Strauss syndrome)

结节性血管炎(vasculitis nodosum)

结节性红斑(erythema nodosum)

慢性结节性红斑(chronic erythema nodosum)

迁移性结节性红斑(erythema nodosum migarrs)

面部肉芽肿(granuloma faciale)

恶性萎缩性丘疹病(malignant atrophic papulosis)

Degos综合征(Degos syndrome)

致死性皮肤和胃肠道细动脉血栓形成(lethal cutaneous and gastrointestinal arteriolar thrombosis)

Raynaud病(Raynaud disease)

变应性肉芽肿病(allergic granulomatosis)

白塞病(Behcet disease)

网状青斑和青斑性血管炎(livedo reticularis et livedo vasculitis,livedo reticularis)

树支状青斑(livedo racemosa)

环状青斑(livedo annularis)

树支状皮炎(inflammatio cutis racemosa)

多发性网状青斑(asphyxia reticularis multiplex)

网状色素性皮病(dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis)

大理石样皮肤(cutis marmorata)

葡萄状青斑(livedo racemosa)

节段性透明性血管炎(segmental hyalinizing vasculitis)

淋巴水肿(lymphoedema)

Raynaud现象(Raynaud phenomenon)

红斑性肢痛病(erythromelalgia)

肢端发绀症(acrocyanosis)

小腿红绀病(eryghrocyanosis crurum)

红绀症(erythrocyanosis)

紫趾综合征(purpuric toe syndrome)

变应性皮肤结节性血管炎(allergic cutaneous nodular vasculitis)

亚急性结节性游走性脂膜炎(subacute nodular migratory panniculitis)

蜘蛛状毛细血管扩张症(spider telangiectasia)

原发性淋巴水肿(primary lymphoedema)

继发性淋巴水肿(secondary lymphoedema)

乳糜反流(chylous reflux)

阴茎硬化性淋巴管炎(sclerosing lymphangitis of the penis)

先天性泛发性静脉扩张症(congenital generalizde phlebectasia)

遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症(hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia)

Osler-rendu weber病(Osler-Rendu-Weber disease)

肠病性肢端皮炎(acrodermatitis enteropathica)

日光性紫癜(solar purpura)

动脉性蜘蛛痣(arterial spider naevus)

蜘蛛痣(nevus araneus)

特发性血小板减少性紫癜(idopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)

出血性紫癜(purpura haemorrhagica)

免疫血小板减少性紫癜(immune thrombocytopenic purpura)

继发性或症状性血小板减少性紫癜(secondary or symptomatic thrombocytopenic purpura)

血栓形成性血小板减少性紫癜(thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura)

Moschcowitz综合征(Moschcowitz syndrome)

血小板增多性紫癜(thrombocythemic purpura)

毛囊角化病(keratosis follicularis)

光化性紫癜(actinic purpura)

白色萎缩(atrophie blanche)

黑色萎缩(atrophie noire)

人工紫癜(factitious purpura)

精神性紫癜(psychogenic purpura)

发作性手部血肿(paroxymal hand hematoma)

容易挫伤综合征(easy bruising syndrome)

Marshall White综合征(Marshall-White syndrome)

角化性皮肤病(keratoderma)

毛周角化病(keratosis pilaris)

持久性豆状角化过度病(hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans)

假性毛囊角化不良病(dyskeratosis pseudofollicularis)

增殖性毛囊角化病(keratosis follicularis vegetans)

鳞状毛囊角化病(keratosis follicularis squamosa)

黑色丘疹皮病(dermatosis papulosa nigra)

黑棘皮病(acanthosis nigricans)

毛囊和毛囊旁角化过度病(hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafolliculatis)

Kyrle病(Kyrle disease)

穿通性角化过度病(hyperkeratosis penetrans)

真皮穿通性毛囊和毛囊旁角化过度病

(hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollivularis in cutem penetrans)

箍指病(ainhum)

融合性网状乳头瘤病(confluent and reticulate papillomatosis)

皮肤乳头瘤病(cutaneous papillomatosis)

钱币状融合性乳头瘤病(nummular and confluent papillomatosis)

疣状肢端角化病(acrokeratosis verruciformis)

剥脱性角质松解症(keratolysis exfoliativa)

家族性连续性皮肤剥脱(familial continual skin peeling)

片状出汗功能不良(lamellar dyshidrosis)

进行性指掌角皮症(keratodermia tylodes palmaris progressiva)

肢端干燥症(acroxerosis)

掌部干燥症(xerosis palmaris)

干燥性掌部皮炎(dermatitis palmaris sicca)

Mantoux汗孔角化症(porokeratosis of Mantoux)

自发性趾(指)脱落(dactylolysis spontanea)

更年期角化病(keratoderma climactericum)

角化不全病(parakeratosis)

多色性角化不全病(parakeratosis variegate)

痂性角化不全病(parakeratosis scutularis)

颊周色素性角化不全病(parakeratose pigmentogene peribuccale)

光泽性角化不全病(parakeratosis brillante)

脓疱性角化不全病(parakeratosis pustulosa)

增殖性毛囊角化不良病(dyskeratosis follicularis vegetans)

汗孔角化症(porokeratosis of Mibelli)

播散性浅表性光线性汗孔角化症(disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis)

硬化性全层萎缩(sclerotic panatrophy)

掌跖角皮症(palmoplantar keratoderma)

弥漫性掌跖角皮症(diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma)

遗传性掌跖角皮症(keratoderma palmoplantare hereditaria)

对称性掌跖角质瘤(keratoma palmare et plantare symmetricum)

胼胝症(tylosis)

Thost-Unna综合征(Thost-Unna syndrome)

点状掌跖角皮症(punctate palmoplantar keratoderma)

播散性角质瘤(keratoma disseminattun)

掌跖播散性角皮症(keratoderma disseminata palmare et plantare)

条纹状角皮症(striate keratoderma)

毛囊性皮肤萎缩(follicular atrophoderma)

Gowers全层萎缩(Gowers panatrophy)

播散性掌跖角皮症伴发角膜营养障碍(disseminated palmoplantar keratoderma with corneal dystrophy)

萎缩性多软骨炎(atrophic polychondritis)

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)

系统性软骨软化症(systemic chondromalacia)

Von Meyenberg病(Von Meyenberg disease)

肢端早老症(acrogeria)

肢骨纹状肥厚症(melorheostosis)

Howel-Evans综合征(Howel-Evans syndrome)

残毁性掌跖角皮症(mutilanting palmoplantar keratoderma)

残毁性遗传性角质瘤(keratoma hereditaria mutilans)

Vohwinkel综合征(Vohwinkel syndrome)

副肿瘤性肢端角化症(acrokeratosis paraneoplastica)

Meleda病(mal de Meleda)

移行性掌跖角皮症(keratoderma palmoplantaris transgrediens)

掌跖角皮症伴发牙周病(palmoplantar keratoderma with periodontosis)

Papillon-lefevere综合征(Papillon-Lefevere syndrome)

局限性掌跖角皮症(circumscribed palmoplantar keratoderma)

Touraine多角化症(polykeratosis of Touraine)

经绝期角皮症(keratoderma climactericum)

症状性掌跖角皮症(symptomatic palmoplantar keratoderma)

进行性对称性红斑角皮症(erythrokeratoderma symmetrica progressiva)

疣状角化不良瘤(warty dyskeratoma)

孤立性毛囊角化不良病(isolated dyskeratosis follicularis)

假性Darier病(pseudo-Darier disease)

孤立性Darier病(isolated Darier disease)

穿通性毛囊炎(perforating folliculitis)

局限性角化症(keratosis circumscripta)

淋巴水肿性角皮症(lymphoedematous keratoderma)

淋巴郁滞性疣病(lymphostatic verrucosis)

苔状足(mossy foot)

萎缩纹(striae atrophicae)

对称性进行性先天性红皮症(erythroderma congenitalis progressiva symmetrica)

Gottron综合征(Gottrom syndrome)

可变性红斑角皮症(erythrokeratoderma variabilis)

可变性图形红斑角皮症(erythrokeratoderma figurata variabilis)

对称性进行性先天性红斑角皮症(erythrokeratoderma cogenitalis progressiva symmetrica)

进行性红斑角皮症(erythrokeratoderma progressiva)

萎缩性皮肤病(atrophoderma)

斑萎缩(macular atrophy)

斑状皮肤松垂(anetoderma macular)

局限性皮肤松垂(localized dermatolysis of dermatochalasis)

斑状萎缩性皮炎(dermatitis atrophicans maculosa)

斑状特发性皮肤萎缩(atophia cutis idiopathica maculosa)

局限性浅表性萎缩硬皮病(atrophoscleroderma superficialis circumscripta)

白线(lineae albicantes)

妊娠纹(striae gravidarum)

移行纹(striae migrans)

膨胀纹(striae distensae)

虫蚀状皮肤萎缩(atrophoderma vermicularis)

痤疮样疤痕性红斑(ulerythema acneiforme)

虫蚀状痤疮(acne vermiculate)

网状红瘢性毛囊炎(folliculitis ulerythematosa reticulata)

网状萎缩(atrophoderma reticulatum)

蜂窝萎缩(honeycomb atrophy)

网状红瘢性毛囊炎(folliculitis ulerythematosa reticulata)

面部对称性网状皮肤萎缩(atrophoderma reticulata symmetrica faciei)

进行性特发性皮肤萎缩(atrophia cutis idiopathica progressive)

Pasini和Pierini萎缩性皮病(atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini)

面部偏侧萎缩(hemiatrophia facialis)

弥漫性特发性皮肤萎缩(atrophiacutis idiopathica diffusa)

慢性萎缩性肢端皮炎(acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans)

皮肤播散性特发性萎缩(diffuse idiopathic atrophy of the skin)

进行性播散性萎缩性皮炎(dermatitis atrophicans diffusa progressiva)

红肢病(erythromelia)

老年萎缩(senile atrophy)

局限性全萎缩(local panatrophy)

环状脂质萎缩(lipoatrophia annularis)

颈部假性皮萎缩(pseudoatrophoderma colli)

类固醇局注引起的皮下组织萎缩(subcutaneous atrophy caused by steroid injection)

面部萎缩性毛发角化症(keratosis pilaris atrophicans faciei)

进行性面部偏侧萎缩(hemiatrophia facialis progressiva)

Parry-Romberg综合征(Parrty-Romberg syndrome)

Jadassohn-Pellizari型皮肤松弛症(anetoderma of Jadassohn-Pellizari)

Schweninger-Buzzi型皮肤松弛症(anetoderma of schweninger-Buzzi)

皮肤痘疮形斑状萎缩(atrophia maculosa varioliformis cutis)

继发性斑状萎缩(secondary macular atrophy)

红斑性皮肤松弛症(anetoderma erythematosa)

萎缩性毛发角化症(keratosis pilaris arophicans)

月经前痤疮(premenstrual acne)

秃发性毛发角化症(keratosis pilarls decalvans)

皮肤附属器疾病(diseases of appendage)

皮脂腺疾病(sebaceous diseases)

痤疮(acne)

寻常痤疮(acne vulgaris)

聚合性痤疮(acne conglobata)

婴儿痤疮(acne neonatorum)

热带痤疮(tropical acne)

脂溢性皮炎(seborrheic dermatitis)

急性发热性溃疡性聚合型痤疮(acute febrile ulce-rative acne conglobata)

酒渣鼻(rosacea)

成簇性眼眶周粉刺(grouped periorbical comendones)

黑头粉刺(comedones)

皮脂溢出症(seborrhaea)

皮脂缺乏症(asteatosis)

干皮肤(dry skin)

少汗症(postmiliarial hypohidrosis)

口周皮炎(perioral dermatitis)

着色性口周红斑(erythrose peribuccale pigmentaire)

汗腺疾病(sweat gland diseases)

多汗症(hyperhidrosis)

无汗症(anhidrosis)

臭汗症(bromhidrosis)

色汗症(chromhidrosis)

念珠形毛发(monilethrix)

血汗症(haematohidrosis)

热带出汗不良(tropical anhidrotic,asthenia)

尿汗症(uridrosis)

鼻红粒病(granulosis rubra nasi)

腋窝阴阜顶泌腺炎(Fox-Fordyce disease)

Fox-Fordyce病(Fox-Fordyce disease)

汗疱疹(pompholyx)

出汗不良性湿疹(dyshidrotic eczema)

出汗不良(dyshidrosis)

热带汗闭性衰竭(tropical anhidrotic asthenia)

毛发疾病(hair disease)

结毛症(trichonodosis)

结节形毛发(nodose hair)

梭形毛发(spindlehair)

假性念珠形毛发(pseudomonilethrix)

结节性脆发病(trichorrhexis nodosa)

脆发病(trichoclasia)

发结节病(clastothrix)

裂发症(trichoschisis)

套叠性脆发病(trichorrhexis invaginata)

竹节状毛发(bamboo hair)

Netherton综合征(Netherton syndrome)

Menkes扭曲发综合征(Menkes kinky hair syndrome)

扭发(pili torti)

分叉发(pili bifurcati)

发纵裂症(trichoptilosis)

羊毛状发(woolly hair)

遗传性羊毛状发(hereditary woolly hair)

家族性羊毛状发(familial woolly hair)

羊毛状发痣(woolly hair naevus)

获得性进行性头发扭曲(acquired progressive kinking of scalp hair)

Chand综合征(Chand syndrome)

毛盘瘤(trichodiscoma)

复合毛根鞘管型(compound root sheath casts)

小棘状毛壅病(trichostasis spinulosa)

毛管型(hair cast)

毛周角蛋白管型(peripilar keratin casts)

内毛根鞘管型(internal root sheath casts)

外毛根鞘管型(external root sheath casts)

获得性胎毛过多(acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa)

毛囊旁和表层表皮管型(parafollicular and surface epidermal casts)

毛周非角蛋白管型(peripilar nonderatin casts)

真菌性毛管型(mycotic hair casts)

细菌性毛管型(bactezial hair casts)

人工毛管型(artifactual hair casts)

玻璃丝发(spun glass hair)

蓬发综合征(uncombable hair syndrome)

多毛症(excessive growth of hair,hypertrichosis and hirsutism)

先天性胎毛过多(congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa)

全身性先天性多毛症(hypertrichosis congenitalis universalis)

妇女多毛症(hirsutism)

症状性多毛症(hypertrichosis symptomatica)

医源性多毛症(iatrogenic hypertrichosis)

痣样多毛症(naevoid hypertrichosis)

局限性先天性多毛症(circumscribed congenital hypertrichosis)

获得性局限性多毛症(acquired circumscribed hypertrichosis)

休止期秃发(telogen alopecia)

症状性妇女多毛症(symptomatic hirsutism)

特发性妇女多毛症(idiopathic hirsutism)

医源性妇女多毛症(iatrogenic hirsutism)

秃发(alopecia)

早秃(alopecia prematura)

寻常秃发(common baldness)

家族性秃发(familial baldness)

男子型秃发(malepattem baldness)

先天性秃发(alopecia congenitalis)

中毒性和生理性秃发(toxic and physiologic alopecia)

生长期秃发(anagen effluvium)

瘢痕性秃发(cicatricial alopecia)

获得性秃发(alopecia acquisita)

斑秃(alopecia areata)

全秃(alopecia totalis)

普秃(alopecia universalis)

损伤性秃发(traumatic alopecia)

牵引性秃发(traction alopecia)

压力性秃发(pressure alopecia)

黏蛋白性秃发(alopecia mucinosa)

毛囊性黏蛋白沉积(follicular mucinosis)

脂肿性秃发(lipoedematous alopecia)

少毛症(hypotrichosis)

假性斑秃(pseudopelade)

脱发性毛囊炎(folliculitis decalvans)

脱发性痤疮(acne decalvans)

Quinquaud病(Quinquaud disease)

Piccardi-Lassueur-Graham-Little综合征(Piccardi-Lassueur-Graham-Little syndrome)

小斑片性秃发(alopecia parvimaculata)

普秃综合征(universal alopecia syndrome)

妇女雄激素原性秃发(androgentic alopecia in women)

反甲(koilonychia)

先天性少毛症(congenital hypotrichosis)

后天性少毛症(acquired hypotrichosis)

白发或灰发(canities)

局限性灰发或白发(poliosis)

环状发(ringed hair)

脆甲(brittle nail;onychorrhexis)

薄甲(thin nail)

甲纹(striations)

匙形甲(spoon nail)

厚甲(pachyonychia)

甲肥大症(onychauxis)

先天性厚甲综合征(pachyonychia congenita syndrome)

巨甲(megalonychia)

小甲(micronychia)

甲胬肉(pterygium unguis)

甲反向胬肉(pterygium inversum unguis)

甲凹陷点(nail pitting)

白甲(leukonychia)

软甲症(hapalonychia)

甲软化(onychomalacia)

甲剥离(onycholysis)

脱甲病(onychomadesis)

甲萎缩(nail atrophy;onychoatrophy)

甲纵裂(longitudinal split)

甲变色(nail discoloration)

嵌甲(unguis incarnatus)

黑甲(melanonychia)

黄甲(yellow nail)

绿甲(green nail)

蓝甲(blue nail)

钩甲(onychogryphosis)

缺甲(anonychia)

20甲营养不良(twenty-nail dystrophy)

网拍状甲(racket nail)

杵状甲(hippocratic nail)

甲分裂(onychoschizia)

甲床肥厚症(hyperkeratosis subungualis)

Terry甲(Terry nail)

逆剥(hangnails)

甲沟炎(paronychia)

甲横沟(transverse furrows of nail)

Beau线(Beau line)

甲纵沟(longitudinal furrows of nail)

甲纵嵴(longitudinal crista of nail)

疱疹性瘭疽(herpetic whitlow)

营养不良性沟状中线甲(dystrophia unguis mediana canaliformis)

甲鞘鱼(onycholemmal horn)

甲良性肿瘤(benign tumor of nails)

杵状指(clubbing fingers)

裂片形出血(splinter hemorrhages)

咬甲癖(nail biting;onychophagia)

习惯性抽搐畸形(habit-tic deformity)

剔甲癖(onychotillomania)

人工甲病(nail artefacts)

甲层裂(splitting into layers;lamellar dystrophy)

异位甲(ectopic nail;onychoheterotopia)

皮肤微波损伤(cutaneous microwave injury)

甲过度弯曲(overcurvature of the nails)

剥脱性唇炎(exfoliativa cheilitis)

甲下外生骨疣(subungual exostosis)

纤维瘤(fibroma)

球体瘤(glomus tumors)

内生软骨瘤(enchondroma)

表皮芽(epidermal buds)

甲床瘤(onychomatrixoma)

甲床表皮囊肿(epidermal cysts of nail bed)

无甲(anonychia)

甲髌骨综合征(nail-patella syndrome)

球拍状指甲(racket nail)

黏膜疾病(mucosal diseases)

接触性唇炎(contact cheilitis)

传染性口角炎(perleche)

光化性唇炎(actinic cheilitis)

夏季唇炎(summer cheilitis)

光化性剥脱性唇炎(cheilitis exfoliative actinica)

日光性唇炎(solar cheilitis)

腺性唇炎(cheilitis glandularis)

唇部黏液腺炎(myxadenitis labialis)

脓肿性腺性唇炎(cheilitis glandularis apostematosa)

肉芽肿性唇炎(granulomatous cheilitis)

巨唇(macrocheilia)

干燥性闭塞性龟头炎(balanitis xerotica obliterans)

梭菌螺旋体病(fusospirochetosis)

原发性生殖器梭菌螺旋体病(primary genital fusospirochetosis)

珍珠状阴茎丘疹(pearly penile papules)

阴茎多毛样乳头瘤(hirsutoid papilloma of the penis)

多毛阴茎(hairy penis)

龟头炎(balanitis)

龟头包皮炎(balanoposthitis)

急性浅表性龟头炎(acute superficial balanitis)

环状溃烂性龟头炎(circinate erosive balanitis)

浆细胞性龟头炎(plasma cell balanitis)

云母状和角化性假上皮瘤性龟头炎(micaceous and keratotic pseudo-epitheliomatous balanitis)

糜烂性龟头包皮炎(erosive balanopoithitis)

Melkerson-Rosenthal综合征(Melkerson-Rosenthal syndrome)

遗传性皮肤病(congenital dermatosis)

阴茎干枯(kraurosis penis)

坏疽性龟头炎(gangrenous balanitis)

崩溃性龟头炎(phagedaenic balanitis)

阴茎硬化性淋巴管炎(sclerosing lymphangitis of the penis)

急性女阴溃疡(ulcus vulvae acutum)

女阴萎缩(atrophy of the vulva)

女阴萎缩性皮炎(atrophic dermatitis of the vulva)

老年性女阴萎缩(senile atrophy of the vulva)

原发性女阴萎缩(primary vulval atrophy)

显性遗传先天性鱼鳞病样红皮病(dominant congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma)

鱼鳞病(ichthyosis)

显性遗传性寻常性鱼鳞病(dominant ichthyosis vulgaris)

干皮病(xeroderma)

单纯性鱼鳞病(ichthyosis vulgaris)

光泽鱼鳞病(ichthyosis nitida)

性连锁遗传鱼鳞病(sex-linked ichthyosis yulgaris)

黑鱼鳞病(ichthyosis nigricans)

着色性干皮病(xeroderma pigmentosum)

隐性遗传先天性鱼鳞病样红皮病(recessive congenital ichthyosis erytroderma)

板层样鱼鳞病(lamellar ichthyosis)

迂回线状鱼鳞病(ichthyosis linearis circumflera)

Netherton综合征(Nethertom syndrome)

胎儿鱼鳞病(ichthyosis fetalis)

丑胎(harlequin fetus)

火棉胶婴儿(colloidion baby)

表皮松解性角化过度鱼鳞病(epidermolytic hyperkeratosis ichthyosis)

后天性鱼鳞病(acquired ichthyosis)

隐性遗传营养不良性大疱性表皮松解症(recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa)

类着色性干皮病(pigmented xerodermoid)

大疱性表皮松解症(epidermolysis bullosa)

单纯性大疱性表皮松解症(epidermolysis bullosa simplex)

手足大疱性表皮松解症(epidermolysis bullosa of hands and feet)

Cockayne病(Cockayne disease)

显性遗传营养不良性大疱性表皮松解症(dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa)

增生性大疱性表皮松解症(hyperplastic epidermolysis bullosa)

无汗性外胚叶发育不良(anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia)

局限性营养不良性大疱性表皮松解症(localized dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa)

致死性大疱性表皮松解症(epidermolysis bullosa letalis)

Herlitz综合征(Herlitz syndrome)

交界性大疱性表皮松解症(junctional epidermolysis bullosa)

Pasini型大疱性表皮松解症(epidermolysis bullosa Pasini)

白色丘疹样营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症(albopapuloid dystrophic epidermolysis bullsoa)

色素失禁症(incontinentia pigmenti)

Bloch-Sulzberger综合征(Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome)

Bloch-Siemens综合征(Bloch-Siemens syndrome)

脱色性色素失禁症(incontinentia pigmenti achromicus)

出汗性外胚叶发育不良(hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia)

皮肤松弛症(cutis laxa)

Christ-Siemens综合征(Christ-Siemens syndrome)

结节性硬化症(tuberous sclerosis)

Bournville病(Bournville disease)

弹力过度性皮肤(cutis hyperelastica)

弹力皮肤(cutis elastica)

皮肤毛细管破裂(dermatorrhexis)

伴皮肤松垂和关节松垂的皮肤毛细管破裂(dermatorrhexis with dermatochalasis)

Ehlers-Banlos综合征(Ehlers-Banlos syndrome)

遗传性良性上皮内角化不良(hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis)

泛发性皮肤松垂(generalized dermatochalasis)

原发性弹性组织离解(primary elastolysis)

眼睑松垂(blepharochalasis)

眼睑松解症(dermatolysis palpebrarum)

萎缩性眼睑下垂(ptosis atrophica)

回状颅皮(cutis verticis gyrata)

皱褶性厚皮病(pachydermie plicaturee)

先天性角化不良综合征(dyskeratosis congenita syndrome)

软骨-外胚叶发育不良(chondro ectodermal dysplasia)

播散性表浅性光化性汗管角化病(disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis)

Mibelli汗管角化症(porokeratosis of Mibelli)

Mantoux汗管角化症(porokeratosis of Mantoux)

皮肤再生不良(aplasia cutis)

先天性皮肤缺损症(congenital skin defect)

面部先天性外胚叶发育不良(congenital ectodermal dysplasia of the face)

软骨毛发发育不全(cartilage-hair hypoplasis)

Ellis-Van Creveld综合征(Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome)

厚皮性骨膜病(pachydermoperiostosis)

骨膜增生厚皮症(pachydermoperiostosis)

遗传性血管性水肿(hereditary angioodema)

慢性家族性巨大荨麻疹(chronic familial macrourticaria)

局灶性真皮发育不全(local dermal hypoplasia)

鼻横沟(transverse nasal groove)

Conradi病(Conradi disease)

Cowden病(Cowden disease)

Tangier病(Tangier disease)

早老病(progeria)

Hutchiuson-Gilford综合征(Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome)

Osler病(Osler disease)

家族性自主障碍症(familial dysautonomia)

Reiley-Day综合征(Reiley-Day syndrome)

脊柱融合缺陷(spinal dysraphism)

鼻横线(transverse nasal striae)

眼、齿、指(趾)发育不良(oculodentodigital dysplasia)

颈部瘘管及囊肿(cervical fistulae and cysts)

甲状舌骨囊肿及窦道(thyroglossal cysts and sinuses)

先天性包涵性皮样囊肿(congenital inclusion dermoid cysts)

脐发育异常(developmental abnormalities of the umbilicus)

先天性背部皮肤窦道(dorsal dermal sinuses of congenital origin)

念珠状错构瘤(moniliform hamartoma)

人类尾巴(human tails)

生殖器会阴裂缝先天性窦道及囊肿(congenital sinuses and cysts of the genitoperineal raphe)

子宫内引起的缩窄带(intra-uterine constriction bands)

残留性多指症(rudimentary polydactyly)

皮肤血管瘤伴系统性血管瘤病(cutaneous with systemic hemangiomatosis)

先天性多发性血管瘤病(congenital multiple hemangiomatosis)

溃疡残毁性血管瘤病(ulcero multilating hemangiomatosis)

获得性多发性血管瘤病(acquirde multiple hemangiomatosis)

蓝色橡皮-大疱性痣综合征(blue rubber-bleb naevus syndrome)

大头、假性视乳头水肿及多发性血管瘤病(macrocephaly,pseudopapilloedema and multiple haemangiomatiosis)

表皮肿瘤(epidermal tumors)

掌跖纤维瘤病(palmar and plantar fibromatosis)

Dupuytren挛缩症(Dupuyiren contracture)

遗传性并指症(hereditary comptodactyly)

先天性泛发性纤维瘤病(congenital generalized fibromatosis)

婴儿指部纤维瘤病(infantile digital fibromatosis)

婴儿纤维性错构瘤(infant fibrous harmatoma)

进行性婴儿纤维瘤病(aggressive infantile fibromatosis)

颈部纤维瘤病(fibromatosis colli)

指弯曲症(streblodactyly)

皮肤肿瘤(cutaneous neoplasms)

Degos棘皮瘤(Degos acanthoma)

线状表皮痣(linear epidermal raevus)

疣状痣(nevus verrucosus)

表皮痣(epidermal naevus)

表皮痣综合征(epidermal naevus syndrome)

痤疮样痣(naevus acneiformis)

角化性毛囊痣(naevus follicularis keratosus)

播散性表皮松解性棘皮瘤(disseminated epidermaolytic acanthoma)

孤立性表皮松解性棘皮瘤(solitary epidermolytic acanthoma)

透明细胞棘皮瘤(pale cell acanthoma)

脂溢性角化病(seborrheic keratosis)

脂溢性疣(seborrheic verruca)

老年疣(verruca senilis)

基底细胞乳头状瘤(basal cell papilloma)

坏死性唾液腺组织化生(necrotizing sialometaplasia)

浅色脂溢性角化病(hypochromic seborrheic keratosis)

白色角化病(keratosis alba)

灰泥角化病(stucco keratosis)

疣状角化弹力纤维样病(verrucous keratoelastoidosis)

表皮内上皮瘤(intraepithelioma of Borst-Jadassohn)

Leser-Trelat征(Leser-Trelat sign)

角化棘皮瘤(keratoacanthoma)

火山口样溃疡(crateriform ulcer)

多发性原发自愈性鳞状上皮瘤(multiple primary selfhealing squamous epithelioma)

鳞状细胞假上皮瘤(squamous cell pseudoepithelioma)

光化性角化病(actinic keratosis)

日光性角化病(solar keratosis)

老年性角化病(senile keratosis)

皮角(cutaneous horn)

鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma)

皮肤原位癌(carcinoma in situ)

Bowen病(Bowen disease)

表皮内鳞癌(intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma)

砷剂角化病(arsenical keratosis)

焦油角化病(tar keratosis)

焦油疣(tar wart)

烟灰疣(soot wart)

沥青疣(pitch wart)

增殖性红斑,红斑增生病(erythroplasia of Queyrat)

红斑病(erythroplakia)

表皮囊肿(epidermal cyst)

表皮样癌(epidermoid carcinoma)

棘细胞癌(prickle cell carinoma)

假腺样鳞状细胞癌(pseudoglandular squamous cell carcinoma)

腺样鳞状细胞癌(adenoid squamous cell carcinoma)

基底细胞瘤(basalioma)

基底细胞上皮瘤(basal cell epithelioma)

基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma)

侵蚀性溃疡(rodent ulcer)

纤维上皮瘤(fibro-epithelial tumor)

疣状癌(verrucous carcinoma)

老年性皮脂腺增生(senile sebaceous hyperplasia)

角质囊肿(keratin cyst)

粟丘疹(milium)

白色痤疮(acne alba)

皮样囊肿(dermoid cyst)

毛鞘囊肿(trichilemmal cyst)

毛发囊肿(pilar cyst)

皮肤纤毛性囊肿(cutaneous ciliated cyst)

阴茎中线囊肿(median raphe cyst of the penis)

发疹性毳毛囊肿(eruptive vellus hair cysts)

外伤性表皮样囊肿(traumatic epidermoid cyst)

皮脂腺痣(nevus sebaceous)

先天性皮脂腺增生(congenital sebaceous gland hyperplasia)

皮脂腺错构瘤(sebaceous gland hamartoma)

毛囊漏斗肿瘤(tumor of the follicular infundibulum)

腺瘤样皮脂腺增生(adenomatous sebaceous hyperplasia)

老年性皮脂腺痣(senile sebaceous gland nevus)

皮脂腺腺瘤(sebaceous adenoma)

皮脂腺上皮瘤(sebaceous epithelioma)

向皮脂腺分化的基底细胞上皮瘤(basal cell epithelioma with sebaceous differentiation)

多发性皮脂囊瘤(steatocystoma multiplex)

多发性皮脂囊肿(multiple sebaceous cyst)

皮脂腺癌(sebaceous gland carcinoma)

毛孔瘤(poroma folliculoma)

倒置性毛囊角化病(inverted follicular keratosis)

末端毛囊瘤(acrotrichoma)

毛发腺瘤(trichoadenoma)

毛囊瘤(trichofolliculoma)

毛囊痣(hair follicle nevus)

皮脂腺毛囊瘤(sebaceous trichofolliculoma)

扩张毛孔(dilated pore)

毛鞘棘皮瘤(pilar sheath acanthoma)

多发性纤维毛囊瘤(multiple firofolliculoma)

多发性毛盘瘤(multiple trichodiscoma)

毛发上皮瘤(trichoepithelioma)

囊性腺样上皮瘤(epithelioma adenoid cysticum)

多发性丘疹性毛发上皮瘤(multiple papular trichoepithelioma)

多发性良性囊性上皮瘤(multiple benign cystic epithelimma)

促结缔组织增生性毛发上皮瘤(desmoplastic trichoepithelioma)

乳头状汗腺腺瘤(hidradenoma papilliferum)

全身性毛囊错构瘤(generalized hair follicle hamartoma)

外毛根鞘瘤(tricholemmoma)

增殖性外毛根鞘瘤(proliferating tricholemmal tumor)

头皮毛发瘤(pilar tumor of the scalp)

外毛根鞘癌(tricholemmal carcinoma)

毛母质瘤(pilomatrixoma)

钙化上皮瘤(calcifying epithelioma)

毛母质癌(pilomatrix carcinoma)

大汗腺痣(apocrine naevus)

大汗腺囊瘤(apocrine hidrocystoma)

大汗腺囊腺瘤(apocrine cystadenoma)

大汗腺潴留性囊肿(apocrine retention cyst)

汗管囊瘤(syringocystoma)

乳头状汗腺瘤(papillary hidradenoma)

女阴汗腺瘤(hidradenoma vulvae)

管状大汗腺瘤(tubular apocrine adenoma)

乳头状汗管囊腺瘤(syringocystadenoma papillferum)

乳头状汗管囊腺瘤痣(naevus syringocystadenomatous papillifeus)

乳头状汗管腺瘤(papillary syringocystadenoma)

圆柱瘤(cylindroma)

头巾状瘤(turban tumor)

小汗腺痣(eccrine naevus)

小汗腺囊瘤(eccrine hidrocystoma)

汗管扩张症(syringoectasia)

小汗腺汗管囊腺瘤(eccrine syringocystadenoma)

汗管瘤(syringoma)

管状汗腺瘤(syringo-hidradenoma)

汗管囊腺瘤(syringocystadenoma)

疹性汗腺瘤(hidroadenoma eruptiva)

汗腺癌(carcinoma of sweat gland)

小汗腺汗孔瘤(eccrine poroma)

恶性小汗腺汗孔瘤(malignant eccrine poroma)

汗孔癌(porocarcinoma)

小汗腺螺旋腺瘤(eccrine spiradenoma)

透明细胞汗腺瘤(clear cell hidradenoma)

结节状汗腺瘤(nodular hidradenoma)

孔管瘤(porosyringoma)

小汗腺末端孔管瘤(eccrine acrospiroma)

透明细胞肌上皮瘤(clear cell myoepithelioma)

恶性透明细胞汗腺瘤(malignant clear cell hidradenoma)

皮肤混合瘤(mixed tumor of skin)

软骨样汗管瘤(chondroid syringoma)

汗腺混合瘤(mixde tumor of sweat gland)

黏蛋白性汗管化生(mucinous syringometaplasia)

恶变前纤维上皮瘤(premalignant fibro-epithelioma)

基底鳞状细胞癌(basasquamous cell carcinoma)

黏液囊肿(mucinous cyst)

皮肤黏液性囊肿(cutaneous mucous cyst)

支气管源性囊肿(bronchogenic cysts)

甲状腺舌导管囊肿(thyroglossal duct cyst)

颈部胸腺囊肿(cervical thymic cyst)

多发性毛鞘瘤(multiple tricholemmoma)

乳头糜烂性腺瘤病(erosive adenomatosis of the nipple)

皮肤不典型纤维黄色瘤(atypical fibroxanthoma of the skin)

恶性小汗腺螺旋腺瘤(malignant eccrine spiradenoma)

皮肤纤维瘤(dermatofibroma)

结节性表皮下纤维化(nodular subepidermal fibrosis)

组织细胞瘤(histiocytoma)

硬纤维瘤(fibroma durum)

单纯性纤维瘤(fibroma simplex)

硬化性血管瘤(selerosing hemangioma)

软纤维瘤(soft fibroma)

皮赘(cutaneous tags)

指节垫(knuckle pads)

多发性毛囊周围纤维瘤(multiple perifollicular fibroma)

肥大性瘢痕(hypertrophic scar)

瘢痕疙瘩(keloid)

播散性弹力痣(disseminated naveus elasticus)

非典型性纤维组织细胞黄色瘤(atypical fibrohistiocytoma)

隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤(dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans)

进行性复发性皮肤纤维瘤(progressive recurring dermatofibroma)

皮肤肉瘤样纤维瘤(sarcomatoid fibroma of skin)

恶性纤维组织细胞瘤(malignant fibrous histiocytoma)

纤维黄色肉瘤(fibroxanthosarcoma)

弹力纤维瘤(elastofibroma)

背部弹力纤维瘤(elastofibroma of the back)

结缔组织痣(connective tissue naevus)

Lewandowsky弹力痣(naevus elasticus of Lewandowsky)

钳石痣(paving-stone naevus)

骨质疏松伴结缔组织痣(osteoporosis associated connective tissue naevus)

青年弹力瘤(juvenile elastoma)

黏液瘤(myxoma)

放射性纤维瘤病(radiatory fibromatosis)

纤维样瘤(desmoid tumor)

侵袭性纤维瘤病(aggressive fibromatosis)

复发性婴儿指(趾)纤维瘤病(recurrent infantile digital fibroma)

指(趾)纤维性肿胀(digital fibrous swelling)

幼年指(趾)纤维瘤(juvenilc digital fibroma)

掌跖纤维瘤病(palmar and plantar fibromatosis)

播散性皮肤纤维瘤(disseminated dermatofibroma)

血管脂肪瘤(angiolipoma)

Buschke-Ollendoff综合征(Buschke-Ollendorf syndrome)

播散性窦状皮肤纤维瘤伴骨质疏松(disseminated sinus-like dermatofibroma associated osteoporosis)

类脂质-皮肤-关节炎(lipoid-dermato-arthritis)

多中心网状组织细胞增生症(multicentric reticulohistiocytosis)

脂肪瘤(lipoma)

浅表脂肪瘤样痣(naevus lipomatosus superficialis)

伴脂肪瘤样痣的皱褶皮肤(folded skin with lipomatous naevus)

梭形细胞脂肪瘤(spindle cell lipoma)

多形性脂肪瘤(pleomorphic lipoma)

脂肪瘤病(lipomatosis)

系统性多中心性脂肪母细胞增生病(systemic multicentric lipoblastosis)

神经瘤(neuroma)

血管性脂肪瘤(vascular lipoma)

毛细血管扩张性脂肪瘤(lipoma telangiectatum)

血管纤维脂肪瘤(angiofibrolipoma)

冬眠瘤(hibernoma)

棕色脂肪瘤(brown fat tumor)

脂肪肉瘤(loposarcoma)

皮肤平滑肌瘤(leiomyoma cutis)

平滑肌错构瘤(smooth muscle hamartoma)

平滑肌肉瘤(leiomyosarcoma)

皮肤软骨性肿瘤(cutaneous cartilaginous tumor)

皮肤骨瘤(osteoma cutis)

原发性皮肤骨瘤(primary cutaneous osteoma)

多发性皮肤骨瘤病(osteosis cutis multiplex)

颗粒细胞瘤(granular cell tumor)

皮肤神经瘤(cutaneous neuroma)

自发性神经瘤(spontaneous neuroma)

丛状神经瘤(plexiform neuroma)

神经鞘瘤(neurilemmoma)

雪旺氏细胞瘤(schwann cell tumor)

神经(膜)纤维瘤(neurinoma)

神经纤维瘤病(neurofibromatosis)

Von Recklinghausen病(Von Recklinghausen disease)

纤维化软疣(molluseum fibrosum)

象皮病样神经瘤(elephantiasis neuromatosa)

鼻胶质异位(glioma)

鼻额部脑迷离瘤(encephalochoristoma naso-frontalis)

脑膨胀(encephalocele)

涡纹状神经纤维瘤(storiform neurofibroma)

皮肤脑膜瘤(cutaneous meningioma)

皮肤砂样瘤(cutaneous psammoma)

湿疹样癌样网状细胞增生病(pagetoid riticulosis)

颗粒细胞神经鞘瘤(granular cell neurolemmoma)

颗粒细胞雪旺氏瘤(granular cell schwannoma)

颗粒细胞神经纤维瘤(granular cell neurofibroma)

新生儿牙龈瘤(epulis of newborn)

颗粒细胞肌母细胞瘤(granular cell myoblastoma)

Merkel细胞癌(Merkel cell carcinoma)

柱状癌(trabecular carcinoma)

蕈样肉芽肿(granuloma fungoides)

蕈样霉菌病(mycosis fungoides)

Sezary综合征(Sezary syndrome)

Sezary网状细胞增生症(Sezary reticulosis)

T细胞红皮病(T cell erythroderma)

伴不典型淋巴细胞红皮病(erythroderma with atypical lymphocyte)

皮肤多叶核T细胞型淋巴瘤(cutaneous T-cell lymphoma,multilobatde type)

面中部T细胞型淋巴瘤(T cell lymphorma,midline of face)

转移性皮肤肿瘤(metastatic cutaneous tumor)

Woringer-Kolopp病(Woringer-Kolopp disease)

向表皮性网状细胞增生病(epidermotropic reticulosis)

淋巴母细胞性淋巴瘤(lymphoblastic lymphoma)

T淋巴母细胞性淋巴瘤(T-lymphoblastic lymphoma)

皮肤B细胞淋巴瘤(cutaneous B-cell lymphoma)

皮肤白血病(leukemia cuds)

浆细胞瘤(plasmacytoma)

原发性皮肤浆细胞瘤(primary plasmacytoma of the skin)

皮肤淋巴细胞瘤(lymphocytoma cutis)

皮肤良性淋巴腺病(lymphadenosis benign cutis)

Spiegler-Feudnt假淋巴瘤(pseudolymphoma of Spiegler-Feudnt)

皮肤髓外造血(cutaneous extramedullary hematopoiesis)

淋巴瘤样接触性皮炎(lymphomatoid contact dermatitis)

嗜酸性粒细胞增多性复发性肉芽肿性皮炎(recurrent granulomatous dermatitis with eosinophilia)

盔甲癌(carcinoma en cuirasse)

乳房下皱褶部癌(carcinoma of the inframammary crease)

炎症性癌(inflammatory carcinoma)

结节状癌(nodular carcinoma)

皮炎湿疹样转移癌(dermatitis-eczema metastatic cancer)

Mary joseph小结节(sister Mary joseph nodule)

结节性脐部转移性癌肿(nodular umbilical metastatic carcinoma)

黑素肿瘤(melanocytic tumor)

阴茎海绵体硬结症(plastic induration of the penis)

Peyronie病(Peyronie disease)

纤维性海绵体炎(fibrous cavernositis)

嗜酸性粒细胞蜂窝织炎(eosinophilic cellulitis)

Wells综合征(Wells syndrome)

小腿静脉性溃疡(venous ulceration of leg)

老年皮肤(aged skin)

小腿溃疡(leg ulcers)

小腿缺血性溃疡(ischaemic ulceration of leg)

组织抗原病(tissue antigen disease)

崩蚀性溃疡(phagedenic ulcer)

三叉神经营养性溃疡(trigeminal trophic ulceration)

三叉神经营养性综合征(neurotrophic trigeminal syndrome)

弓形溃疡(ulceration en arc)

色素性荨麻疹(urticaria pignentosa)

持久性斑疹性毛细血管扩张症(telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans)

弥漫性皮肤肥大细胞增生症(diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis)

下肢出血性水肿(haemorrhagic edema of lowerextremities)

黏膜—皮肤—眼综合征(mucocutaneous ocular syndrome)

木村病(Kimura disease)

皮肤嗜酸性粒细胞淋巴滤泡增殖症(eosinophilic lymphofolliculosis of the skin)

弹性假黄瘤(pseudoxanthoma elasticum)

系统性弹性纤维破裂(systematized elastorrhexis)

Gronblad-Strandberg综合征(Gronblad-Strandberg syndrome)

匐行性穿通性弹力纤维病(elastosis perforans serpiginosa)

骨皮肤异色病(osteodermatopoikilosis)

Buschke-Ollendorff综合征(Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome)

Curth综合征(Curth syndrome)

上面部慢性红斑性水肿(chronic erythematous edema of upper face)

妇女长须糖尿病综合征(Achard-Thiers syndrome)

面部肉芽肿(granuloma faciale)

男性乳房肿大(gynaecomastia)

子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis)

多乳房症,多乳头症(polymastia,polythelia)

干性跖部皮炎(dermatitis plantaris sicca)

Aarskog综合征(Aarskog syndrome)

面-指-生殖器综合征(facial-digital-genital syndrome)

Alagille综合征(Alagille syndrome)

Ascher综合征(Ascher syndrome)

成人肾上腺生殖器综合征(adult adrenogenital syndrome)

Albright综合征(Albright syndrome)

播散性纤维性骨炎(osteitis fibrosa disseminata)

Alezzandrini综合征(Alezzandrini syndrome)

Andosky综合征(Andosky syndrome)

皮肤病源性白内障(cataracta dermatogenes)

素质性痒疹综合征(prurigo diathesique syndrome)

睑缘粘连-外胚层缺陷-唇裂腭裂综合征(ankyloblepharon-ectodermal-defects-cleft lip and palate syndrome)

Apert综合征(Apert syndrome)

尖头并指(趾)Ⅰ型综合征(acrocephalosyndactyly type Ⅰ syndrome)

尖头并指(趾)综合征(acrocephalosyndactyly syndrome)

Apert-Crouzon病(Apert-Crouzon disease)

Chotzen综合征(Chotzen syndrome)

Bernard综合征(Bernard syndrome)

Bartholin-Patau综合征(Bartholin-Patau syndrome)

Baader综合征(Baader syndrome)

Bagax综合征(Bagax syndrome)

基底细胞痣综合征(basal cell nevus syndrome)

Gorlin综合征(Gorlin syndrome)

Gorlin-Goltz综合征(Gorlin-Glotz syndrome)

痣样基底细胞癌综合征(nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome)

Bazex综合征(Bazex syndrome)

类新生物性肢端角化病(paraneoplastic acrokeratosis)

毛囊性皮肤萎缩和基底细胞癌(follicular atrophoderma and basal cell carcinoma)

Becker综合征(Becker syndrome)

Berlin综合征(Berlin syndrome)

Cannon综合征(Cannon syndrome)

Bloom综合征(Bloom syndrome)

侏儒先天性毛细血管扩张性红斑(congenital telangiectatic erythema in dwarfs)

蓝橡皮大疱性痣综合征(blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome)

Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc综合征(Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc syndrome)

Bonnevie-Ullrich综合征(Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome)

Bureau-Barriere综合征(Bureau-Barriere syndrome)

足畸形感觉障碍综合征(foot deformity and sensory disturbance syndrome)

播散性豆状皮肤纤维化(dermatofibuosis lenticularis disseminata)

Biorck-Thorson综合征(Biorck-Thorson syndrome)

Cri du Chat综合征(Cri du Chat syndrome)

白色皱褶齿龈口腔炎(white folded gingivo stomatitis)

Chediak-Higashi综合征(Chediak Higashi syndrome)

Chediak-Higashi-Steinbrinck综合征(Chediak-Higashi-Steinbrinck syndrome)

白细胞异常白化综合征(abnormal leucocyte-albino syndrome)

CHILD综合征(CHILD syndrome)

先天性偏侧发育不良伴鱼鳞病样红皮病及四肢畸形(congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects)

Cobb综合征(Cobb syndrome)

皮肤脑脊髓血管瘤(cutaneous cerebrospinal hemangioma)

Cockayne综合征(Cockayne syndrome)

侏儒—视网膜萎缩—耳聋综合征(dwarfism,retinal atrophy and deafness syndrome)

三体型染色体10综合征(trisomy 10 syndrome)

Cornelia de Lange综合征(Cornelia de Lange syndrome)

阿姆斯特丹型侏儒病(dwarfism typus Amstelodamensis)

Dury Van Bogaert综合征(Dury-van Bogaert syndrome)

猫叫综合征(crying cat syndrome)

Cronkhite-Canada综合征(Cronkhite Canada syndrome)

Cross-Mckusick-Breen综合征(Cross-Mckusick-Breen syndrome)

De Lange综合征(De Lange syndrome)

De Sanctis-Cacchione综合征(De Sanctis-Cacchione syndrome)

Down综合征(Down syndrome)

21三体综合征(trisomy 21 syndrome)

Donohue综合征(Donohue syndrome)

Drusenfieber综合征(Drusenfieber syndrome)

下颌颜面骨形成不良综合征(mandibulofacial dysostosis syndrome)

Dury-Van Bogaert弥漫性皮质与脑膜血管瘤病(diffuse corticomeningeal angiomatosis of Dury and Van Bogaert)

Edward综合征(Edward syndrome)

18三体综合征(trisomy 18 syndrome)

Fanconi综合征(Fanconi syndrome)

Fanconi贫血(Fanconi anemia)

全血细胞减少及多发性畸形(pancytopenia and multiple anomalies)

家族性全血细胞减少(familial pancytopenia)

家族性全骨髓再生障碍(familial panmyelophthiasis)

Fairbank综合征(Fairbank syndrome)

多发性骨骼发育异常症(multiple epiphyseal dysplasia)

Favre-Racouchot综合征(Favre-Racouchot syndrome)

结节性弹性样物质增生(nodular elastoidosis)

Fisher Volavsek综合征(Fisher-Volavsek syndrome)

Franceschetti综合征(Franceschetti syndrome)

面眶畸形综合征(facial orbital malformation syndrome)

甲色各半综合征(half and half nail syndrome)

Berry综合征(Berry syndrome)

Treacher-Collins综合征(Treacher-Collins syndrome)

Franceschetti-Klein综合征(Franceschetti-Klein syndrome)

Zwahlen综合征(Zwahlen syndrome)

Franceschetti-Zwahlen-Klein综合征(Franceschetti-Zwahlen-Klein syndrome)

Franceschetti-Jada-ssohn综合征(Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome)

Frey综合征(Frey syndrome)

耳颞综合征(auriculotemporal syndrome)

Gardner综合征(Gandner syndrome)

Gardner-Diamond综合征(Gardner-Diamond syndrome)

Goldenhar综合征(Goldenhar syndrome)

Goltz综合征(Goltz syndrome)

局灶性真皮发育不全综合征(focal dermal hypoplasia syndrome)

Haber综合征(Haber syndrome)

家族性酒渣鼻样疹、表皮内上皮瘤综合征(familial rosacea-like eruption with intraepidermal

epithelioma syndrome)

Hunter综合征(Hunter syndrome)

Hallermann-Streiff综合征(Hallermann-Streiff syndrome)

Ullrich-Fremery-Rohna综合征(Ullrich-Fremery-Rohna syndrome)

Hallopeau-Siemens综合征(Hallopeau-Siemens syndrome)

Hartnup综合征(Hartnup syndrome)

Helweg-Larsen综合征(Helweg-Larssen syndrome)

Hippel-Lindau综合征(Hippel-Lindau syndrome)

Huriez综合征(Huriez syndrome)

Huriez硬化萎缩综合征(scleroatrophic syndrome of Huriez)

硬化性胼胝(sclerotylosis)

四肢硬化萎缩及角化病(sclero-atrophie and keratotic dermatosis of the limbs)

Hurler综合征(Hurler syndrome)

骨肥大静脉曲张性痣综合征(naevus varicosus osteohypertrophicus syndrome)

Jensen综合征(Jensen syndrome)

皮肤、软骨、角膜营养不良综合征(dermochondro and corneal dystrophy syndrome)

Kasabach-Merritt综合征(Kasabach-Merritt syndrome)

Kindler综合征(Kindler syndrome)

Klauder综合征(Klauder syndrome)

Klinefelter综合征(Klinefelter syndrome)

男子女性型乳房无精子生成综合征(gyneco-mastia-aspermatogenesis syndrome)

Klippel-Feil综合征(Klippel-Feil syndrome)

Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber综合征(Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome)

Marfan综合征(Marfan syndrome)

Laubenthal综合征(Laubenthal syndrome)

Laurence-Moon-Biedl综合征(Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome)

Laurence-Biedl综合征(Laurence-Biedl syndrome)

Leroy综合征(Leroy syndrome)

Lesch-Nyhan综合征(Lesch-Nyhan syndrome)

自身摧毁性高尿酸综合征(automutilation hyperuricemia syndrome)

Lofgren综合征(Lofgren syndrome)

Louis-Bar综合征(Louis-Bar syndrome)

共济失调性毛细血管扩张综合征(ataxia telangiectasia syndrome)

Maffucci综合征(Maffucci syndrome)

软骨发育异常-血管瘤综合征(chondrodysplasia-hemangioma syndrome)

软骨营养障碍伴血管错构瘤综合征(chondro-dystrophy with vascular harmatoma syndrome)

Kast综合征(Kast syndrome)

Mohr综合征(Mohr syndrome)

蜘蛛脚样指(趾)(arachnodactyly)

先天性中胚层发育不良(congenital mesodermal dystrophy)

Marinesco-Sj?gren综合征(Marinesco-Sj?gren syndrome)

Marinesco-Sj?gren-Garland综合征(Marinesco-Sj?gren-Garland syndrome)

Garland-Moorhause综合征(Garland-Moorhause syndrome)

Torsten-Sj?gren综合征(Torsten-Sj?gren syndrome)

神经精神—发、甲发育异常综合征(neuropsyehial hair and nail abnormal development syndrome)

Mendes Da Costa综合征(Mendes Da Costa syndrome)

变易性红斑角皮病(erythrokeratoderma variabilis)

大疱性营养不良症(bullous malnutrition diease)

Menkes综合征(Menkes syndrome)

Meyer-Schwicherath综合征(Meyer-Schwicherath syndrome)

眼-齿-指(趾)发育不良(oculodentodigital dysplasia)

Meyer综合征(Meyer syndrome)

Mikulicz综合征(Mikulicz syndrome)

先天性掌跖和腔口周围角化病(congenital palmoplantar and periorificial keratoderma)

Morgagni-Stewart-Morel综合征(Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome)

Moynahan综合征(Moynahan syndrome)

Mucke-Wells综合征(Mucke-Wells syndrome)

黏膜神经瘤综合征(mucosal neuroma syndrome)

多发性雀斑综合征(multiple lentigines syndrome)

Naegeli综合征(Naegeli syndrome)

Franceschetti-Jadassohn综合征(Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome)

神经皮肤综合征(neurocutaneous syndrome)

Olmsted综合征(Olmsted syndrome)

Schafer综合征(Schafer syndrome)

口-面-指(趾)综合征(oral-facial-digital syndrome)

Page综合征(Page syndrome)

Refsum综合征(Refsum syndrome)

失水性干燥综合征(riley-day syndrome)

Rosenthal-Kloepfer综合征(Rosenthal-Kloepfer syndrome)

Rothmund-Thomson综合征(Rothmund-Thomson syndrome)

先天性皮肤异色病(congenital poikilodermatosis)

Bloch-Stanffen综合征(Bloch-Stanffen syndrome)

Rubinstein-Taybi综合征(Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome)

Rud综合征(Rud syndrome)

Spanlang-Tappeiner综合征(Spanlang-Tappeiner syndrome)

Seckle综合征(Seckle syndrome)

Seip-Lawrence综合征(Seip-Lawrence syndrome)

Berardirelli-Seip综合征(Berardirelli-Seip syndrome)

Lawrence综合征(Lawrence syndrome)

Setleis综合征(Setleis syndrome)

Sheehan综合征(Sheehan syndrome)

Silvers综合征(Silvers syndrome)

不对称性矮身材性发育变异综合征(asymmetry short-stature variations in sexual development)

Sj?gren-Larsson综合征(Sj?gren-Larsson syndrome)

Thevenard综合征(Thevenard syndrome)

Stein-Leventhal综合征(Stein-Leventhal syndrome)

Stewart-Treves综合征(Stewart-Treves syndrome)

乳房切除后淋巴血管肉瘤(postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma)

Stryker-Halbeisen综合征(Stryker-Halbeisen syndrome)

Sturge-Weber综合征(Sturge-Weber syndrome)

脑颜面血管瘤病(encephalo-faicial angiomatosis)

神经眼血管瘤病(neuro-culo-angiomatosis)

神经皮肤综合征(neuro-cutaneous syndrome)

Thalamic综合征(Thalamic syndrome)

Van-Lohuizen综合征(Van-Lohuizen syndrome)

遗传性感觉神经病(hereditary sensory neuropathy)

家族性肢端骨质溶解(familial acro-osteolysis)

过渡性综合征(transitional syndrome)

毛发—齿—骨综合征(tricho-dento-osseous syndrome)

毛发—鼻—指(趾)综合征(tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome)

Langer-Giedien综合征(Langer-Giedien syndrome)

三叉神经营养性综合征(trigeminal trophic syndrome)

Unverricht综合征(Unverricht syndrome)

荨麻疹-耳聋-淀粉样变性综合征(urticaria deafness amyloidosis syndrome)

黄甲综合征(yellow nail syndrome)

先天性毛细血管扩张性大理石样皮肤(cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita)

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada综合征(Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome)

Volkmann综合征(Volkmann syndrome)

von hippel-Lindau综合征(von hippel-Lindau syndrome)

Waardenburg综合征(Waardenburg syndrome)

Willebrand-Jukgens综合征(Willebrand-Jukgens syndrome)

Wiskott-Aldrich综合征(Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome)

脓疱(pustule)

斑疹(macule)

斑片(patch)

淤点(petechia)

瘀斑(ecchymosis)

毛细血管扩张(telangiectasia)

丘疹(papule)

水疱(vesicle)

大疱(bulla)

焦痂(eschars)

风团(wheal)

结节(nodule)

囊肿(cyst)

浸渍(maceration)

糜烂(erosion)

表皮抓破或擦破(excoriation)

皴裂(cracked)

裂隙(fissure)

斑块(plaque)

坏疽(gangrene)

溃疡(ulcer)

黑头(comedo;black head)

痂(crust)

鳞屑(scales)

苔癣样变(lichenification)

硬化(sclerosis)

束带(cord)

萎缩(atrophy)

瘢痕(scar;cicatrix)

瘢痕疙瘩(keloid)

脓疱丘疹(pustulopapule)

隧道(burrow)

原发性损害(primary lesion)

斑丘疹(maculopapule)

丘疱疹(papulovesicle)

简介

肿瘤学

临界瘤(borderline tumor)

肿瘤学(oncology)

肿瘤(tumor;neoplasm)

良性肿瘤与恶性肿瘤(benign and malignant tumor)

同型性瘤(homoiotypic tumor)

异型性瘤(heterotypic tumor)

癌前疾病与癌前病变(precancerous disease and lesion)

癌(carcinoma)

肉瘤(sarcoma)

癌肉瘤(carcinosarcoma)

母细胞瘤(blastoma)

肉芽肿(granuloma)

残留癌(residual cancer)

残端癌(stump cancer)

自发性肿瘤(spontaneous tumor)

原发部位不明的转移癌(secondary cancer with unknown primary location)

致瘤病毒(oncornavirus)

癌前期(precancerous stage)

瘤细胞迁移(movement of tumor cell)

原位癌(carcinoma in situ)

浸润性癌(invasive carcinoma)

肿瘤浸润(invasion of tumor)

肿瘤的转移(metastasis of tumor)

直接蔓延(direct spread)

淋巴道转移(lymphatic vessels metastasis)

跳跃式转移(skip metastasis)

种植性转移(implantative metastasis)

血道转移(blood vessels metastasis)

肿瘤的生长方式(growth pattern of tumor)

转移性瘤细胞的性质(character of metastasized tumor cell)

肿瘤细胞黏附性(adhesion of tumor cell)

组织的再繁殖(re-propagation of tissue)

肿瘤外形(shape of tumor)

肿瘤硬度(rigidity of tumor)

肿瘤体积(volume of tumor)

肿瘤的数目(number of tumor)

肿瘤血管形成(tumor angiogenesis)

Gomper Zian曲线(Gomper Zian curve)

肿瘤细胞代谢(metabolism of tumor cell)

实体癌(solid carcinoma)

核异质(nuclear atypia)

去分化(dedifferentiation)

癌变(canceration)

发病率和死亡率(mobidity and mortality)

脉管癌栓(vascular cancer embolus)

肿瘤免疫(immunity of tumor)

肿瘤免疫原性(immunogenicity of tumor)

肿瘤的异质(heterogenety of tumor)

癌基因(oncogene)

肿瘤转移相关基因(associated gene of tumor metastasis)

染色体易位(chromosomal transposition)

遗传易感(hereditary predisposition)

二阶段致癌学说(two-stage theory of cancinogenesis)

潜在致癌物(potential carcinogens)

前致癌物(precarcinogen)

纤维致癌(fiber carcinogenesis)

异物致癌(eyewinker carcinogenesis)

肿瘤高钙血症(hypercalcemia of tumor)

肿瘤术后复发(post-operational recurrance of tumor)

肿瘤的自发性消退(spontaneous disappaerance of tumor)

细胞逆分化(reverse differentiation)

细胞异常角化(abnormal keratinization)

逃逸机理(escape mechanism)

肿块(lump)

癌性发热(cancerous fever)

疼痛(pain)

溃疡(ulcer)

出血(hemorrhage)

癌性淋巴管炎(cancerous lymphangitis)

恶性胸腔积液(malignant hydrothorax)

基因诊断(genetic diagnosis)

肿瘤并发的低血糖症(hypoglycemia complicated with tumor)

癌性肠梗阻(cancerous ileus)

癌性肌无力综合征(cancerous myasthenia syndrome)

肿瘤伴随综合征(para-tumorous syndrome)

摄取胺前体并进行脱羧的细胞系统(amiul precursor uptake decarboxylation,APUD)

肿瘤的超声诊断(ultrasonic diagnosis of tumor)

放射性核素显像(radionuclide imaging)

流式细胞分析术(flow cytometry)

癌胚抗原(CEA)

肿瘤细胞的自动化诊断(automatic diagnosis of tumor cell)

肿瘤生化诊断(biochemistry diagnosis of tumor)

肿瘤标记物(tumor marker)

肿瘤相关黏蛋白(tumor associated mucin)

肿瘤相关抗原(tumor associated antigen)

肿瘤特异性抗原(tumor specific antigen)

肿瘤特异性移植抗原(tumor specific transplantation antigen)

肿瘤血管生成因子(tumor-angiogenesis factor)

本-周蛋白(Bence-Jone's protein)

黏蛋白样癌相关抗原(MCA)

甲胎蛋白(alpha-fetoglobulin,AFP)

血清铁蛋白(SF)

异常凝血酶原(APT)

α1-抗胰蛋白酶(α1-AT or AAT)

酸性磷酸酶(ACP)

a-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)

γ-谷胺酰转肽酶(γ-GT)

组织多肽抗原(TPA)

前列腺特异抗原(PSA)

神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)

半乳糖基转移酶(GaIT)

5’核苷磷酸二酯酶(5'-NPD)

醛缩酶(ALD)

乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)

降钙素(calcitonin,CT)

谷胱苷肽转移酶(GSTs)

减量手术切除(subtractive operation)

根治手术(radical operation)

扩大根治术(extensively radical operation)

选择性清除术(selective dissection)

辅助手术(adjuvant operation)

Ⅲ级预防(tertiary prevention)

肿瘤分期(staging of tumor)

肿瘤防治(protection and treatment of tumor)

Ⅰ级预防(primary prevention)

Ⅱ级预防(secondary prevention)

生物反应调节剂(biological response modifiers,BRM)

白细胞介素(interleukin)

细胞因子(cytokines)

干扰素(inter feron,IFN)

集落刺激因子(CSF)

过继性细胞免疫治疗(adoptive immunotherapy)

白介素2(IL-2)

造血生长因子(hematopoietic growth factors)

肿瘤疫苗(tumor vaccine)

单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody)

肿瘤基因治疗(gene therapy of tumor)

光动力学疗法(PDT)

癌化学增敏剂(chemical agent of enhanced radiosensitivity of cancer)

肿瘤的导向治疗(targetting therapy of tumor)

Goldie-Codman模型(Goldie-Codman model)

化疗的毒性反应(toxic reaction of chemotherapy)

肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)

肿瘤的综合治疗(comprehensive therapy of tumor)

TTL疗法(TIL therapy)

CTL疗法(CTL therapy)

电灼外科(fulguration surgery)

激光外科(laser surgery)

冷冻手术(cryosurgery)

冷冻外科(surgical cryotherapy)

液氮冷冻治疗(cryotherapy)

骨膦治疗(treatment with bone phosphine)

腹腔内化疗(intra-peritoneal chemotherapy)

温热化疗(hyperthermic chemotherapy)

靶向毒素(target toxin)

去势疗法(emasculative therapy)

溶血性链球菌制剂(OK-432)

香菇多糖(lentinan)

自限性药物(self-limited drug)

癌痛按阶梯给药(staging system for treatment of cancer pain)

癌痛按时给药(time system for treatment of cancer pain)

医源性播散(iatrogenic spreading)

国际抗癌联盟(UICC)

序贯疗法(sequential therapy)

生活质量(quality of life)

新辅助化疗(术前)(new auxillary chemotherapy(pre-operation))

姑息性治疗(palliative therapy)

肿瘤支持治疗(supporting treatment of tumor)

脂肪瘤(lipoma)

卡波西肉瘤(Kaposi sarcoma)

基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma)

乳头状瘤(papilloma)

腺癌(adenoma)

表皮样囊肿(epidermoid cyst)

国际肿瘤研究所(International Agency of Research of Cancer,IARC)

国际肿瘤研究资料库(International Cancer Research Data Bank,ICRDB)

皮样囊肿(dermoid cyst)

皮脂腺囊肿(sebaceous cyst)

成脂肪细胞瘤(lipoblastoma)

脂肪瘤病(lipomatosis)

软骨样脂肪瘤(chondroid lipoma)

脂肪肉瘤(liposarcoma)

良性组织细胞瘤(benign histocytoma)

恶性组织细胞瘤(malignant histocytoma)

血管瘤(hemangioma)

毛细血管瘤(capillary angioma)

海绵状血管瘤(cavernous hemangioma)

横纹肌瘤(rhadomyoma)

平滑肌瘤(leiomyoma)

平滑肌肉瘤(leiomyosarcoma)

淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma)

淋巴管肉瘤(lymphangiosarcoma)

良性畸胎瘤(benign teratoma)

恶性畸胎瘤(malignant teratoma)

黄色瘤(xanthoma)

血管肉瘤(hemangiosarcoma)

蔓状血管瘤(angioma serpiginosum)

血管球瘤(glomus tumor)

伯基特淋巴瘤(Burkitt lymphoma)

维尔姆斯瘤(Wilm's tumor)

韧带样纤维瘤(ligamental fibroma)

平滑肌母细胞瘤(leiomyoblastoma)

神经纤维瘤病(Von Recklinghausen disease)

Sipple综合征(Sipple syndrome)

间皮瘤(mesothelioma)

浆细胞瘤(plasmocytoma)

早期胃癌Ⅱb型(浅表平坦型)(EGC of type Ⅱ b(superficial fiat type))

早期胃癌Ⅱc型(浅表凹陷型)(EGC of type Ⅱ c(superficial depressed type))

早期胃癌Ⅲ型(凹陷型)(EGC of type Ⅲ(excavated type))

早期胃癌混合型(EGC of combined type)

早期胃癌特殊型(EGC of special type)

早期胃癌Ⅱa型(浅表隆起型)(EGC of type Ⅱ a(superficial elevated type))

Von-Recklinghausen综合征(Von-Recklinghausen syndrome)

尤文瘤(Ewing sarcoma)

早期胃癌(early gastric cancer,EGC)

早期胃癌Ⅰ型(隆起型)(EGC of type Ⅰ(protruded type))

早期胃癌Ⅱ型(浅表型)(EGC of type Ⅱ,superficial type)

异型增生(atypical hyperplasia,dysplasia)

轻度异型增生(mild dysplasia)

中度异型增生(moderate dysplasia)

残胃复发癌(stump recurrent cancer)

残胃癌(stump cancer)

多发性早期胃癌(multiple EGC)

早期胃癌浅表广泛型(EGC of superficial spreading type)

早期胃癌浅表穿透型(EGC of superficial penetrating type)

微小胃癌(microcarcinoma)

小胃癌(small gastric carcinoma)

腺瘤型异型增生(adenomatous dysplasia)

胃周淋巴结代号及部位(the number and position of lymph node)

再生型异型增生(regenerative dysplasia)

息肉山田分型(Yamada classification of polyp)

Menetrier病(Menetrier disease)

胃交界性病变(gastric borderline lesion)

重度异型增生(severe dysplasia)

隐窝型异型增生(cryptal dysplasia)

胃癌增殖方式(proliferative pattern of gastric carcinoma)

Borrmann分型(Borrmann's classification)

梶谷分型(Kazitani's classification)

胃癌外科分型、陈氏分型(surgical classification of gastric cancer,Chen's classification)

胃黏液腺癌(mucoid adenocarcinoma of stomach)

胃印戒细胞癌(signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma)

胃腺鳞癌(adeno-squamous cancer of stomach)

胃未分化癌(undifferentiated gastric cancer)

胃类癌(gastric carcinoid carcinoma)

胃低中分化腺癌(poor or moderately differentiated gastric cancer)

张氏分型(Zhang's classification)

Ming氏分型(Ming's classification)

Lauren型(Lauren classification)

胃癌中分化型(moderately differentiated gastric cancer)

C半月征(C meniscus sign)

胃癌子宫颈转移(cervix metastasis of gastric cancer)

腹膜播种(peritoneal implantation)

腹膜复发(peritoneal recurrence)

EAP联合化疗(EAP combined chemotherapy)

FAP联合化疗(FAP combined chemotherapy)

胃癌血行性转移(hematogenous metastasis of gastric cancer)

淋巴结清除术(lymph node dissection)

根治程度(radical degree)

胃癌左锁骨上淋巴结转移(left super clavical lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer)

胃癌淋巴管扩散(lymphatic spreading of gastric cancer)

胃癌淋巴管连续性扩散(continuous lymphatic spreading of gastric cancer)

胃癌淋巴管非连续性扩散(non-continuouslymphatic spreading of gastric cancer)

胃癌壁内转移(intramutal metastasis of gastric cancer)

胃癌免疫治疗(immunotherapy of gastric cancer)

胃平滑肌肉瘤(gastric liomyosarcoma)

胃淋巴肉瘤(lymphosarcoma of stomach)

胃恶性淋巴瘤(malignant lymphoma of stomach)

胃肝源性肿瘤(hepatogenous tumor of stomach)

区域化疗(regional chemotherapy)

MF方案(MF plan)

双途径化疗(double-way chemotherapy)

胃平滑肌瘤(liomyoma of stomach)

胃神经纤维瘤(neurofibroma of stomach)

胃畸胎瘤(teratoma of stomach)

胃血管瘤(hemangnioma of stomach)

胃黄色瘤(xanthoma of stomach)

胃良性肿瘤(benign tumor of stomach)

胃内分泌小细胞癌(endocrine small cell gastric carcinoma)

胃浆细胞瘤(plasmocytoma of stomach)

胃嗜酸细胞肉芽肿(eosinophilic granuloma of stomach)

早期大肠癌(early cancer of large intestine)

黑斑息肉病(Peutz-Jeghers综合征)(Peutz-Jeghers syndrome)

肠息肉病合并多发性骨瘤和多发性软组织瘤(Gardner综合征)(Gardner syndrome)

小肠脂肪瘤(lipoma of small intestine)

胃浆细胞肉芽肿(plasmacyte granuloma of stomach)

胃脂肪瘤(lipoma of stomach)

异位胰腺(ectopic pancreas)

错构瘤性息肉(hamartomatous polyps)

肠系膜肿瘤(cancer of mesentery)

腹膜间皮细胞瘤(mesothelioma of peritoneum)

弥漫性肠道血管瘤病(diffuse intestinal hemangiomatosis)

淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma)

小肠神经组织肿瘤(nervous tissue tumor of small intestine)

小肠血管瘤(hemangioma of small intestine)

绒毛状腺瘤(villous adenoma)

结肠类癌(carcinoid of colon)

直肠类癌(carcinoid of rectum)

Dukes分期(Dukes staging)

增生性息肉(hyperplastic polyp)

大肠癌(carcinoma of large intestine)

小肠类癌(carcinoid of small intestine)

结肠错构瘤(hamartoma of colon)

阑尾假黏液瘤及腹膜假黏液瘤(pseudomyxoma of appendix and pseudomyxoma peritonei)

腺瘤与囊腺瘤(adenoma and cystadenoma of appendix)

阑尾腺癌(adenocarcinoma of appendix)

腺癌与囊腺癌(adenocarcinoma and cystadenocarcinoma)

直肠腺癌(adenocarcinoma of rectum)

黏液囊肿与腹膜假黏液瘤(mucocele and pseudomy-xoma peritonei)

阑尾的黏液性肿瘤(mucoid tumor of appendix)

阑尾的黏液囊肿(mucocele of appendix)

家族性腺瘤病(familial adenomatosis)

肛管恶性黑色素瘤(malignant melanoma of anal canal)

肛周Bowen病(Bowen disease of anal margin)

结肠癌肝转移(hepatic metastasis of colon cancer)

Lynch Ⅰ型综合征(Lynch Ⅰ syndrome)

家族性息肉病(familial polyposis coli)

直肠癌(carcinoma of rectum)

直肠腺瘤(adenoma of rectum)

直肠绒毛状腺瘤(villous adenoma of rectum)

直肠息肉(polyp of rectum)

腺瘤或管状腺瘤(adenoma or tubular adenoma)

幼年型息肉(juvenile polyp)

小肠腺瘤(adenoma of small intestine)

小肠纤维瘤(fibroma of small intestine)

小肠神经纤维瘤(neurofibroma of small intestine)

小肠恶性淋巴瘤(malignant lymphoma of small intestine)

小肠癌(carcinoma of small intestine)

小肠平滑肌瘤(leiomyoma of small intestine)

遗传性扁平腺瘤综合征(hereditary flat adenoma syndrome)

气尿(pneumaturia)

结肠气囊瘤(colon air-sac tumor)

小肠良性肿瘤(benign tumor of small intestine)

小肠淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma of small intestine)

小肠腺癌(adenocarcinoma of small intestine)

小肠平滑肌肉瘤(leiomyosarcoma of small intestine)

肠嗜铬细胞(phenochromocyte of intestine)

十二指肠类癌(carcinoid of duodenum)

内镜在诊断早期大肠癌的应用(appliance of endoscope in diagnosing earloy colon cancer)

Turcot综合征(Turcot syndrome)

影像检查在诊断早期大肠癌的应用(appliance of radiography in diagnosing early colon cancer)

早期大肠癌与各种肿瘤标志物(early cancer and various tumor markers)

早期大肠癌的病理学诊断有关问题(problems about pathological diagnosis of early colon cancer)

大肠癌的治疗(therapy of cancer)

乳腺癌(mastocarcimanma)

乳腺癌的癌前病变(precancerous lesions of breast cancer)

乳腺癌的生长与转移(growth and metastases of breast cancer)

乳房的自我检查(self-examimation of breast)

乳腺癌发病率(morbidity of breast cancer)

乳腺癌死亡率(mortality of breast cancer)

乳腺癌危险因素(breast cancer risk factors)

“乳腺癌是一种全身性疾病”的观点(viewpoint about breast cancer being a systemic disease)

乳腺癌高危人群(highly risk category in breast cancer)

乳腺癌一级预防(the primary prevention of breast cancer)

乳腺癌二级预防(the secondary prevention of breast cancer)

乳腺癌三级预防(the third prevention of breast cancer)

乳房分区(mammary zones)

乳腺引流淋巴结分区(zones of regional lymph nodes in breast)

乳腺癌的多中心起源(multicentral onset of breast cancer)

乳腺癌TNM分期(TNM staging of breast cancer)

乳头糜烂(nipple erosion)

乳腺癌橘皮样变(peaud'orange of breast cancer;orange-peel sign of breast cancer)

乳腺癌皮肤卫星结节(satellite skin nodules of breast cancer)

乳腺癌胸肌粘连(fixation to underlying pectoral fascia or muscle of breast cancer)

乳腺癌胸壁粘连(fixation to chest wall of breast cancer)

乳头凹陷(crater nipple)

乳头溢液(nipple discharge)

乳房皮肤粘连(dimpling of the mammary skin)

隐性乳腺癌(occult breast cancer,OBC)

T0期乳腺癌(stage T0 breast cancer)

亚临床乳腺癌(subclinical breast cancer,SBC)

局部晚期乳腺癌(locally advanced breast cancer)

乳腺癌局部复发(local recurrences of breast cancer)

早期乳腺癌(early breast cancer,EBC)

乳腺癌皮肤溃疡(ulceration of the skin of breast cancer)

炎性乳腺癌(inflammatory breast cancer,IBC)

乳腺癌肺转移(lung metastasis of breast cancer)

乳腺癌骨转移(bone metastasis of breast cancer)

乳腺癌肝转移(liver metastasis of breast cancer)

乳腺癌脑转移(brain metastasis of breast cancer)

对侧乳房转移癌(contralateral metastatic breast cancer)

乳腺癌远地转移(distant metastasis of breast cancer)

双侧乳房原发癌(bilateral primary breast cancer,BPBC)

副乳腺癌(para-breast cancer)

妊娠及哺乳期乳腺癌(pregnant and lactational breast cancer)

男性乳腺癌(virile breast cancer)

乳腺钼靶X线摄影术(molybdenum palladium roentgenograph of breast)

乳腺近红外线检查(infrared examinaation of breast)

乳头溢液涂片细胞学检查(cytological examination of nipple discharge smear)

乳腺非浸润性癌(non-infiltrative carcinouma of breast)

乳腺导管内癌(intraductal carcinoma of breast)

乳腺小叶原位癌(lobular carcinoma in situ of breast)

乳腺彩色多普勒超声检查(color Doppler ultrasono-graphy of breast)

乳腺浸润性导管癌(infiltration ductal carcinoma of breast)

乳腺浸润性小叶癌(infiltrative lobular carcinoma of breast)

乳腺印戒细胞癌(signet ring cell carcinoma of breast)

乳腺髓样癌(medullary carcinoma of breast)

乳腺乳头状癌(papillary carcinoma of breast)

乳腺小叶癌早期浸润(early infiltration of lobular carcinoma of breast)

早期乳腺浸润性癌(early infiltrative carcinoma of breast)

乳腺导管癌早期浸润(early infiltration of ductal carcinoma of breast)

乳腺黏液腺癌(mucinous carcinoma of breast)

乳腺大汗腺样癌(apocrine carcinoma of breast)

乳腺伴神经内分泌分化的癌(mammary carcinoma with argyrophil cells)

乳腺富含糖元癌(glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma of breast)

乳腺富于脂质癌(lipid rich carcinoma of breast)

乳腺腺样囊腺癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma of breast)

乳腺小管癌(tubular carcinoma of breast)

乳腺派杰病(Paget disease of breast)

乳腺化生性癌(carcinoma with metaplasia of breast)

乳腺分泌性癌(secretory carcinoma of breast)

乳腺叶状囊肉瘤(cystosarcoma phyllodes of breast)

乳腺间质肉瘤(stromal sarcoma of breast)

乳腺平滑肌瘤(leiomyosarcoma of breast)

乳腺横纹肌肉瘤(rhabdomyosarcoma of breast)

乳腺骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma of breast)

乳腺软骨肉瘤(chondrosarcoma of breast)

乳腺癌根治术(radical mastectomy for breast cancer)

乳腺脂肪肉瘤(liposarcoma of breast)

乳腺血管肉瘤(angiosarcoma or hemangiosarcoma of breast)

乳腺恶性淋巴瘤(malignant lymphoma of breast)

乳腺癌单纯切除术(total mastectomy for breast

cancer)

乳腺癌腋淋巴结清扫术(axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer,ALND)

乳腺癌哨兵淋巴结活检(sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer,SLNB)

乳腺癌术后皮瓣坏死(postoperative necrosis of skin flap of breast cancer)

乳腺癌区段切除术(lobular mastectomy for breast cancer)

乳腺癌改良根治术(modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer)

乳腺癌扩大根治术(extensive radical mastectomy for breast cancer)

背阔肌肌蒂皮瓣乳房重建术(mammaplasty using latissimus dorsi muscle)

乳腺癌放疗(radiotherapy for breast cancer)

腹直肌肌蒂皮瓣乳房重建术(mammaplasty using rectus abdominis muscle)

横位胸腹易拉皮瓣乳房重建术(mammaplasty using thoracoabdominal flap)

健侧乳房皮肤组织复合瓣乳房重建术(mammaplasty using heterolateral breast flap)

自体组织移植乳房重建术(autoplasty of mamma)

乳腺癌术后上肢水肿(postoperative edema of upper limb of breast cancer)

乳房重建术(mammaplasty)

乳腺癌根治性放疗(radical radiotherapy for breast cancer)

乳腺癌术前放疗(pre-operative radiotherapy for breast cancer)

乳腺癌术后辅助放疗(post-operative adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer)

乳腺癌姑息放疗(palliative radiotherapy for breast cancer)

乳腺癌局部复发后的放射治疗(radiotherapy for local recurrence of breast cancer)

乳腺癌化疗(chemotherapy in breast cancer)

乳腺癌新辅助化疗(new adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer,NACT)

乳腺癌CMF方案(CMF regimen in breast cancer)

乳腺癌AC方案(AC regimen in breast cancer)

乳腺癌AT方案(AT regimen in breast cancer)

乳腺癌CAP方案(CAP regimen in breast cancer)

乳腺癌NA方案(NA regimen in breast cancer)

乳腺癌NE方案(NE regimen in breast cancer)

乳腺癌NT方案(NT regimen in breast cancer)

乳腺癌CEF方案(CEF regimen in breast cancer)

乳腺癌CAF方案(CAF regimen in breast cancer)

卡铂(carboplatin)

阿霉素(adriamycin,ADM;doxorubicin,DOX;DXR)

吡喃阿霉素(pirarubicin)

表阿霉素(epirubicin;pharmorubicin,EPI)

去甲长春花碱(navelbine,NVB)

长春花碱酰胺(vindesine;VDS)

顺铂(cisplatin,DDP)

紫杉醇(paclitaxel)

泰索帝(taxotere)

希罗达(capecitabine)

乳腺癌内分泌治疗(endocrine therapy for breast cancer)

乳腺癌卵巢切除术(oophorectomy for breast cancer)

乳腺癌放射去势(radioactive castration for breast cancer)

乳腺癌垂体切除术(hypophysectomy for breast cancer)

乳腺癌肾上腺切除术(adrenalectomy for breast cancer)

三苯氧胺(tamoxifen,TAM)

法乐通(fareston,toremifene citrate,TOR)

氨基导眠能(aminoglutethimide,AG)

兰他隆(formestane;lentaron)

依西美坦(exemestane;aromasin)

甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate,MA;megace)

丙酸睾丸酮(testosterone propionate)

阿那曲唑(anatrozole;arimidex)

来曲唑(letrozole;femara)

甲孕酮(medroxyprogesterone acetate,MPA)

乳腺癌自体造血干细胞移植支持下的高剂量化疗(high-dose chemotherapy of breast cancer supported by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation)

己烯雌酚(diethylstibestrol)

GnRH类似物或LH-RH类似物(luteinizinghormone-releasing hormone analogues)

赫赛汀(herceptin;trastuzumab)

乳腺癌MTT体外药敏试验(drug chemosensitivity of breast cancer in vitro by MTT assay)

乳腺癌多药抗药基因(multidrug resistance of breast cancer,MDR)

乳腺癌和P-170糖蛋白(breast cancer and P-170 glycoprotein)

乳腺癌雌激素受体(estrogen receptor of breast cancer,ER)

乳腺癌耐药(drugresistance of breast cancer)

乳腺癌雌激素受体“一步模式”作用机制(mechanism of action for estrogen receptor of breast cancer by one-step mode)

乳腺癌预后因素(prognostic factors in breast cancer)

乳腺癌雌激素受体“两步模式”作用机制(mechanism of cation for estrogen receptor of breast cancer by two-step mode)

乳腺癌人表皮生长因子受体2基因(human epidermal receptor gene of breast cancer,c-erbB-2)

乳腺癌血清表皮生长因子受体2基因(serous HER2/neu of breast cancer,HER2/neu)

乳腺癌p53基因(P53 gene of breast cancer)

乳腺癌雌激素诱导基因(breast cancer oestrogen induced gene,BCEI;pS2)

乳腺癌金属硫蛋白(metallothionein of breast cancer,MT)

乳腺癌胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ受体基因(insulinlike growth factor-Ⅰ receptor of breast cancer,IGF-IR)

乳腺癌表皮生长因子受体基因(epidermal growth factor receptor gene of breast cancer,EGFR,c-erbB-1,HER-1)

乳腺癌组织蛋白酶D(cathepsin-D of breast cancer,CathD)

乳腺癌中的前列腺特异性抗原(prostate specific antigen of breast cancer,PSA)

乳腺癌和卵巢癌易感基因(breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene,BRCA1 and BRCA2)

乳腺癌nm23基因(nm23 gene of breast cancer)

乳腺癌β2微球蛋白(β2-microglobulin of breast cancer,β2-MG)

乳腺癌周期蛋白依赖性激酶/周期蛋白E复合物的主要抑制剂(P27Kipl of breast cancer)

乳腺癌纤溶酶原激活系统(plasminogen activator system of breast cancer,PAS)

乳腺癌端粒酶(telomerase of breast cancer)

乳腺癌凋亡相关基因(associated gene of apoptosis of breast cancer)

乳腺癌微卫星不稳定性(microsatellite instability of breast cancer,MI)

乳腺癌热休克蛋白(heat shock protein of breast cancer,HSP)

乳腺癌癌胚抗原(carcino-embryonic antigen of breast cancer,CEA)

乳腺癌组织多肽抗原(tissue polypeptide antigen of breast cancer,TPA)

乳腺癌相关抗原15-3(carcinoma antigen 15-3 of breast cancer,CA15-3)

乳腺癌增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen of breast cancer,PCNA)

乳腺癌S期细胞百分率(s-phase fraction of breast cancer,SPF)

乳腺癌胸腺嘧啶标记指数法(thymidine labeling index of breast cancer,TLI)

乳腺癌ras基因(ras of breast cancer)

乳腺癌血管内皮生长因子和微血管密度(vascular endothelial growth factor of breast cancer,VEGF and microvascular density of breastcancer,MVD)

乳腺癌增殖抗原的单克隆抗体Ki-S2(Ki-S2 of breast cancer)

乳腺癌c-myc基因(c-myc of breast cancer)

乳腺癌增殖抗原Ki-67与乳腺癌增殖抗原Ki-67的单克隆抗体MIBI(Ki-67 and MIBI of the breast cancer)

乳腺癌维生素D3受体(vitamin D3 receptor of breast cancer)

乳腺癌拓扑异构酶Ⅱα和其单克隆抗体Ki-S4(topoisomerase Ⅱ,TOPO Ⅱ and Ki-S4 of breast cancer)

基因与肿瘤

简介

瘤基因的种类(oncogene class)

生长因子家族(growth factor family)

FGF相关性生长因子(FGF relative growth factor)

瘤基因(oncogenes)

int-2基因(int gene-2)

hst-1基因(hst gene-1)

FGF-5基因(fibroblast growth factor 5,FGF gene-5)

FGF-6基因(fibroblast growth factor 6,FGF gene-6)

生长因子int-1(growth factor int-1)

sis基因(sis gene)

受体蛋白-酪氨酸激酶类瘤基因(oncogenes of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases)

erbB 2基因(erbB gene 2)

c-met基因(c-met gene)

trk基因(irk gene)

kit基因(kit gene)

ret基因(ret proto-oncogene;ret)

ros基因(ros gene)

非受体蛋白-酪氨酸激酶类瘤基因(oncogenes of nonreceptor protein-tyrosine kinases)

ABL基因(ABL gene)

yes基因(yes gene)

fgr基因(fgr gene)

lck基因(lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinaselck,lck gene)

fes基因(fes gene)

膜相关G蛋白类瘤基因(oncogenes of membrane associated G proteins)

src基因(src gene)

myc基因(myc gene)

胞质蛋白丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶类瘤基因(oncogenes of cytoplasmic serine/threonine kinases)

pim-1基因(pim gene-1)

c-raf-1基因(c-raf gene-1)

mos基因(mos gene)

核转录调节因子类瘤基因(oncogenes of nuclear transcript regulators)

c-myc基因(c-myc gene)

N-myc基因(N-myc gene)

AP-1基因(activator protein-1,AP-1 gene)

L-myc基因(L-myc gene)

myb基因(myb gene)

ets-1基因(ets gene-1)

ets-2基因(ets gene-2)

细胞质调节因子类瘤基因(cytoplasmic regulator oncogenes)

fos基因(v-fos;FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogenes;fos gene)

jun基因(v-jun;avian sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homology;jun gene)

Bcl-2基因(B cell lymphoma;leukemia-2;Bcl gene-2)

GEF蛋白家族(guanine-nucleotide exchange factor family of proteins)

缺乏蛋白激酶活性受体类瘤基因(oncogenes of receptors lacking protein kinase activity)

mas基因(mas gene)

mrg基因(mrg-related gene)

肿瘤抑制基因(tumor suppressor genes,TSG)

看门基因(gatekeepers genes)

p53基因(p53 gene)

Rb基因(retinoblastoma;Rb gene)

PTEN基因(phosphate and tension homologyy deleted on chromosome ten;PTNE gene)

FHIT基因(fragile histdine triad;FHIT gene)

BRCA1和BRCA2基因(brest and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene;BRCA gene 1/BRCA gene 2)

APC基因(adenomatous polyposis coli,APC gene)

MCC基因(mutated in colorectal carcinoma,MCC gene)

DCC基因(deleted in colorectal carcinoma;DCC gene)

WT1基因(Wilm tumor type1,WT1 gene)

HNPCC基因(hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer,HNPCC gene)

VHL基因(vol Hippel-Lindau,VHL gene)

NF1和NF2基因(neurofibromatosis-1,NF1 and NF2 gene)

DPC4基因(homozygously deleted in pancreatic carcinoma,locus 4;DPC4 gene)

p73基因(p73 gene)

p15基因(p15 gene)

p16基因(p16 gene)

p18基因(p18 gene)

p19基因(p19 gene)

p27基因(p27 gene)

p21基因(p21 gene)

p51基因(p51 gene)

ATM基因(ATM gene)

DNA修复基因(DNA repair genes)

patched基因(patched gene)

TSC1和TSC2基因(tuberous sclerosis gene type 1 and 2)

MEN1基因(multiple endocrine neoplasia gene type 1)

STK11基因(serine/thronine protein kinase,STK11)

p57基因(p57 gene)

ERCC基因(excision repair cross complementing genes,ERCC)

ERCC1基因(excision repair cross complementing genes 1,ERCCI)

ERCC2基因(excision repair cross complementing gene 2,ERCC2)

ERCC3基因(excision repair cross complementing gene 3,ERCC3)

肿瘤转移相关基因(metastasis-associated gene)

DNA聚合酶β基因(DNA polymerase β gene)

XPAC基因(XPAC gene)

O6-MGMT基因(O6-MGMT gene)

FACC基因(FACC gene)

DNA连接酶Ⅰ基因(DNA ligase gene 1)

核苷酸切除修复基因(nucleotide excision repair,NER genes)

mtsl基因(metastasis gene 1)

Tiam-1基因(T lymphoma invasion and metastasis gene,Tiam-1)

CD44基因(CD44 gene)

整合素(integrin)

基质金属蛋白酶类基因(matrix metalloproteinase,MMPs)

nm 23基因(nm23 gene)

KAI1基因(KAI1 gene)

肿瘤转移抑制基因(metastasis suppressor genes)

主要组织相溶性复合体基因(major histocompatibility complex gene,MHC)

白细胞介素1(interleukin-1,IL-1)

E-钙黏附蛋白基因(E-Cadherin gene)

细胞因子(cytokine)

白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)

白细胞介素3(interleukin-3,IL-3)

白细胞介素2(interleukin-2,IL-2)

白细胞介素4(interleukin-4,IL-4)

白细胞介素5(interleukin-5,IL-5)

白细胞介素6(interleukin-6,IL-6)

白细胞介素7(interleukin-7,IL-7)

白细胞介素8(interleukin-8,IL-8)

白细胞介素12(interleukin-12,IL-12)

白细胞介素9(interleukin-9,IL-9)

白细胞介素10(interleukin-10,IL-10)

白细胞介素11(interleukin-11,IL-11)

白细胞介素17(interleukin-17,IL-17)

白细胞介素13(interleukin-13,IL-13)

白细胞介素14(interleukin-14,IL-14)

白细胞介素15(interleukin-15,IL-15)

白细胞介素16(interleukin-16,IL-16)

白细胞介素22(interleukin-22,IL-22)

白细胞介素18(interleukin-18,IL-18)

白细胞介素19(interleukin-19,IL-19)

白细胞介素20(interleukin-20,IL-20)

白细胞介素21(interleukin-21,IL-21)

白细胞介素23(interleukin-23,IL-23)

白细胞介素24(interleukin-24,IL-24)

白细胞介素25(interleukin-25,IL-25)

白细胞介素26(interleukin-26,IL-26)

白细胞介素27(interleukin-27,IL-27)

集落刺激因子(colony-stimulating factors,CSF)

干细胞因子(stem cell factor,SCF)

巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(marcophage colony stimulating factor,M-CSF/CSF-1)

粒细胞集落刺激因子(granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,G-CSF)

促红细胞生长素(erythropoietin,EPO)

粒/巨细胞集落刺激因子(granulocyte-marcophage colony stimulating factor,GM-CSF)

flt3配体(flt3 ligand)

干扰素(interferon,IFN)

肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)

血小板生成素(thrombopoietin,TPO)

胶质细胞源性神经生长因子家族(glia-derived nerve growth factors family)

转化生长因子-β家族(transforming growth factor-β family,TGF-β family)

转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)

肿瘤基因的诊断技术(diagnostic technique)

趋化性细胞因子(chemokine)

白血病抑制因子(leukemia inhibitory factor,LIF)

抑瘤素M(oncostain M,OSM)

肿瘤的基因诊断(gene diagnoses)

多聚酶链反应技术(polymeras chain reaction,PCR)

PCR-免疫(PCR-immunity)

消减杂交法(subtractive hybridization,SH)

mRNA差异显示技术(mRNA differential display,mRNA-DD)

cDNA代表性差异分析技术(cDNA representional difference analysis,cDNA-RDA)

抑制消减杂交法(suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH)

荧光定量PCR技术(fluorescence quantitative PCR,FQ-PCR)

复合探针法(complex probes,CP)

扩敏技术(amplisensor)

分子信标技术(molecular beacon,MB)

光环法(lightcycler)

差异性PCR(differential PCR)

竞争性PCR(competitive PCR)

荧光原位杂交法(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)

原位PCR(in situ polymerase chain reaction)

免疫-PCR(immuno-PCR)

反转录PCR(reverse transcription PCR,RT-PCR)

DNA芯片技术(DNA chip)

抗体芯片(antibody chip)

p16基因的检测(p16 gene detection)

EBV基因的检测(EBV gene detection)

角蛋白基因13(cytokeratin gene 13,CK13)

CT基因甲基化与p16基因缺失(CT gene methylation and p16 gene deletion)

p16基因甲基化(p16 gene methylation)

bax和bcl-2基因的检测(bax and bcl-2 gene detection)

c-myc基因的检测(c-myc gene detection)

BCR-ABL基因的检测(BCR-ABL gene detection)

细胞凋亡相关基因(apoptosis-related gene)

RA538和ASc-myc的检测(RA538 and ASc-myc detection)

端粒酶(telomerase)

DNA修复基因XRCC1(DNA repair gene XRCC1)

端粒酶抑制剂的检测(telomerase inhibitor)

PTEN基因的突变(PTEN gene mutation)

Mdm-2基因的检测(Mdm-2 gene detection)

p73基因的检测(p73 gene detection)

p53基因的检测(p53 gene detection)

p16和INK4a/ARF基因(p16 and INK4a/ARF gene)

ras p21基因(ras p21 gene)

nm23H1和E-钙黏附基因(nm23H1 gene and E-cadhering gene)

APC基因的检测(APC gene detection)

c-Met基因的检测(c-Met gene detection)

c-erbB-2基因的检测(c-erbB-2 gene detection)

PIZF-RARA融合基因(promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger-retinoitic acid receptor A fusion gene)

HER-2/neu基因的检测(HER-2/neu gene detection)

NAG23基因的检测(NAG23 gene detection)

p21基因的检测(p21 gene detection)

干扰素调节因子基因1和2(interferon regulatory factor gene 1 and 2)

KAI1基因的检测(KAI1 gene detection)

Rb基因的检测(Rb gene detection)

微卫星不稳定性(microsatellite instability,MSI)

雄激素受体基因CAG微卫星多态性(microsatellites polymorphisms of androgen receptor gene CAG)

MDR-1基因的检测(detection of MDR gene-1)

多耐药相关基因Bcl-2和p53(multidrug resistance associated gene-Bcl-2 and p53)

基因缺失(gene deletion)

印迹丢失(loss of imprinting,LOI)

肿瘤易感性(tumor susceptibility)

M6P/IGF2R基因(M6P/IGF2R gene)

基因印迹(genomic imprinting)

微小残留病灶的标志物(markers of minimal residual disease)

BRCA1和BRCA2基因的检测(detection of BRCA gene 1 and BRCA gene 2)

p73母系表达印迹基因(expression of P73 maternal imprinting gene)

微阵列检测(microarray)

白血病相关基因(leukemia-related gene)

CYP1A1和CYP2D6基因(CYP1A1 and CYP2D6 gene)

谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶基因(glutathione S-transferase,GST gene)

TSP-1和TSP-2基因(TSP-1 and TSP gene-2)

基质金属蛋白酶-2基因(matrix metalloproteinase gene-2,MMP)

NOEY2基因(NOEY2 gene)

WT1基因的检测(WT1 gene detection)

PML-RARα融合基因(PML-RARα fusion gene)

ECRG-1基因(ECRG gene-1)

基因置换(gene replacement)

基因修正(gene correction)

基因修饰(gene augmentation)

基因失活(gene inactivation)

靶基因治疗策略(strategy of targeted gene therapy)

癌症基因治疗策略(gene therapy strategy of cancer)

基因治疗策略(strategy of gene therapy)

TOPOⅡ基因的检测(TOPOⅡ gene detection)

肿瘤基因治疗(tumor gene therapy)

载体的选择(vector selection)

基因转移的方法(gene transfer)

基因治疗的程序(procedure of gene therapy)

基因治疗的条件(condition of gene therapy)

目的基因的获得(achieving of efficient gene)

基因转移的靶细胞(targeted cells of gene transfer)

直接注射法(direct injection)

显微注射法(microinjection)

电脉冲介导法(electroporation)

基因枪法(gene gun)

基因转染细胞的筛选(screening of gene transfer cell)

受体介导法(receptor-mediated gene transfer)

脂质体转染法(liposome-mediated gene transfer)

超声波介导转染法(ultrasound-mediated transfer)

基因转移的病毒载体(viral vector of gene transfer)

非病毒载体(non-viral vector)

磷酸钙共沉法(calcium phosphate precipitant method)

基因治疗的途径(pathway of gene therapy)

肿瘤基因治疗的作用(therapeutical effect of tumor genes)

基因转染细胞的鉴定(identify of gene transfer cell)

恶性肿瘤的基因治疗(gene therapy of cancers)

gene)

p16INK4基因的治疗(therapy of p16INK4 gene)

血管生成和内皮细胞抑制因子基因的治疗(angiogenesis and endothelial cell inhibiting factor)

表皮生长因子受体基因治疗(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)

免疫基因的治疗(immune gene therapy)

多耐药基因的治疗(multiple drug resistance,MDR)

CD-5-FC基因治疗(CD-5-FC gene therapy)

自杀基因治疗(cuicide gene)

细胞凋亡基因(apoptosis gene)

胸苷磷酸化酶(thymidine phosphorylase,TP)

反义寡核苷酸的治疗(antisense oligonucleotide therapy)

雌激素受体(ER)基因治疗(estrogen receptor gene therapy)

反义寡核苷酸作用机制(effect mechanism of antisense oligonucleotide)

反义bcl-2诱导的细胞凋亡(apoptosis induced by antisense bcl-2 gene)

金属蛋白酶4组织抑制因子基因(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase gene-4,TIMP-4)

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的反转录病毒治疗(retroviral therapy of basic fibroblast growth facter)

旁观者效应(bystander effect)

基因联合治疗(gene combination therapy)

Na-/I-symporter(NIS)基因导入治疗(NIS gene transduction therapy)

拓扑异构酶抑制剂基因治疗(topotecan gene therapy)

临床恶性肿瘤的基因治疗(gene therapy of cancer in clinic)

细胞因子的转基因治疗(transgene therapy of cytokines)

MHC抗原基因的转基因疗法(transgene therapy of MHC antigen gene)

p53和p16基因的导入治疗(transduction of p53 and p16 gene)

病毒基因和前药转换基因疗法(viral gene and prodruge trasform)

疼痛

简介

5-羟色胺(5-Hydroxytryptamine)

A-δ神经纤维(A-δfiber)

癌痛(cancer pain)

安慰剂(placebo)

安慰剂反应(placebo response)

搏动性痛(pulsating pain)

不定陈述综合征(unidentified complaint syndrome)

C-纤维(c-fiber)

持续痛(contimuous pain)

充血性头痛(hyperemic headache)

触发点(trigger piont)

创伤后头痛(post traumatic beadache)

病人自控止痛法(patient controlled analgesia(PCA))

巴彬斯基征(babinski toe sign)

半月神经节阻滞(gasserian ganglion block)

丛集性头痛(cluster headache)

粗感觉(protopathic sensibility)

带状疱疹后神经痛(post-herpetic neuralgia)

骶管阻滞(caudal block)

电击痛(lightning pain)

电镇痛法(electrical analgesia)

电灼伤(electrical burn)

Codman试验(codman test)

肥大性腰椎炎(lumbar hypertrophy)

非典型面部痛(atypical facial pain)

非典型神经痛(atypical neuralgia)

非甾类抗炎药(nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)

分娩疼痛(labor pain)

腹腔神经丛阻滞(celiac plexus block)

腹腔神经节(celiac ganglion)

呃逆(hiccup)

钝痛(dull pain)

肛门反射(anal reflex)

肱骨内上髁炎(medial epicondylitis of humerus)

肱骨外上髁炎(lateral epicondylitis of humerus)

喉上神经阻滞(superior laryngeal nerve block)

滑车上神经阻滞(supratrochlear nerve block)

踝阵挛(ankle clonus)

缓缴肽(bradykinin)

感觉迟钝(dysesthesia)

辐射热、放射热(radiant heat)

腹痛(abdominal pain)

Hunt综合征(hunt syndrome)

霍纳氏综合征(horner syndrome)

Jannetta手术(jannetta surgery)

继发性神经痛(secondary neuralgia)

肌筋膜综合征(myofascial syndrome)

肌收缩性头痛(muscle contraction headache)

脊髓回路系统(spinoreticular system)

幻肢痛(phantom limb pain)

绞痛(colic)

截肢痛(amputation pain)

紧张性头痛(tension headache)

颈臂综合征(cervicobrachial syndrome)

经皮神经电刺激(transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation,TENS)

颈神经阻滞(cervical nerve block)

精神性头痛(psychogenic headache)

交感神经阻滞(sympathetic block)

急性腰扭伤(acute lumbar sprain)

间断痛(intermittent pain)

肩胛上神经阻滞(suprascapular nerve block)

酒精性神经炎(alcohol neuritis)

卡马西平(carbamazepine)

颏神经阻滞(mental nerve block)

快痛(quick pain(fast pain))

眶上神经阻滞(supraorbital nerve block)

眶下神经阻滞(infraorbital nerve block)

肋间神经阻滞(intercostal nerve block)

旧脊(髓)丘(脑)束(paleospinothalamic tract)

精细感觉(epicritic sensibility)

门控学说(gate control theory)

冷冻止痛法(cryoanalgesia)

Mackenzie疼痛特异学说(mackenzie specific theory)

慢痛(slow pain)

慢性颈部肌痉挛(chronic cervical muscle spasm)

慢性腰肌劳损(chronic lumbar strain)

McGill疼痛问卷(mcGill pain questionnaires,MPQ)

雷诺病(raynaud disease)

迷走神经痛(vagal neuralgia)

面神经麻痹(facial palsy)

面神经阻滞(facial nerve block)

纳洛酮(naloxone)

内源性阿片肽(endogenous opioids)

内脏神经阻滞(splanchnic nerve block)

P物质(substance P)

皮肤脊神经分布(dermatone)

皮肤痛觉感受器(skin pain sensor)

偏头痛(migraine)

前斜角肌综合征(scalenus anticus syndrome)

牵涉痛(referred pain)

躯体痛(somatic pain)

颞下颌关节紊乱综合征(temporomandibular disorder,TMD)

全脊椎阻滞(total spinal block)

Ramsey-Hunt综合征(ramsey-Hunt syndrome)

三叉神经节(trigeminal ganglion)

三叉神经痛(trigeminal neuragia)

伤害感受反应(nociceptive reaction)

伤害感受器(nociceptor)

伤害感受性神经(nocisensor nerve)

区域阻滞(field block)

少突触系统(oligosynaptic system)

舌神经阻滞(lingual nerve block)

舌咽神经痛(glosspharyngeal neuralgia)

舌咽神经阻滞(glossopharyngeal nerve block)

神经病源性疼痛(neuropathic pain)

神经根切断术(radicotomy)

神经根痛(radiculalgia,radicular pain)

上颌神经阻滞(maxillary nerve block)

神经节切除术(ganglionectomy)

神经瘤(neuroma)

神经破坏药(neurolytic agents)

神经破坏阻滞(neurolytic block)

神经松解术(neurolysis)

神经痛(neuralgia)

神经炎(neuritis)

神经节(ganglion)

神经根阻滞(radicular block)

生物反馈疗法(biofeedback therapy)

视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)

术后痛(postoperative pain)

术后止痛(postoperative analgesia)

疼痛(pain)

疼痛分类(classification of pain)

疼痛门诊(pain clinic)

深在痛(deep-seated pain)

疼痛判定(pain assessment)

疼痛强度(intensity of pain)

疼痛图形分级评分尺(pain graphic representation score GRS)

疼痛治疗(pain management)

提睾反射(cremasteric reflex)

痛点(pain spot)

痛经(dysmenorrhea)

疼痛耐受性(pain tolerance)

痛觉过敏(hyperalgia)

痛阈(pain threshold)

腕管综合征(carpal canal syndrome)

网状联络系统(internuncial reticular system)

尾骨痛(coccyalgia)

膝状神经痛(geniculate neuralgia)

下颌神经阻滞(mandibular nerve block)

痛觉超敏(allodynia)

血栓闭塞性脉管炎(burger disease)

下牙槽神经阻滞(inferior alveolar nerve block)

纤维肌痛综合征(fibromyalgia syndrome)

新脊(髓)丘(脑)束(neospinothalamic tract)

星状神经节(stellate ganglion)

胸膜间局部镇痛(interpleural regiomal analgesia,IRA)

胸膜痛(pleuritic pain)

腰背筋膜纤维织炎(lumbar fascia fibrositis)

腰背下肢痛(lumbago and melosalgia)

腰间盘突出症(lumbar intervertebral disc syndrome)

翼鄂神经痛(pterygopalatine neuralgia)

硬膜外腔注药止痛(epidural analgesic)

硬膜外血膜(epidural blood patch)

针灸疗法(acupuncture)

枕神经痛(occipital neuralgia)

枕神经阻滞(occipital nerve block)

止痛(analgesia)

止痛门诊(pain clinic)

致痛物质(algesic substances)

中枢性疼痛(central pain)

运动神经末梢(motor nerve ending)

游离神经末梢(free nerve ending)

游走痛(wandering pain)

原发性神经痛(primary neuralgia)

自噬(autophagy)

阻滞(block)

坐骨神经痛(sciatica)

蛛网膜下腔微量吗啡镇痛(sbuarachnoidal morphinr analgesia)

灼痛(causalgia)

椎旁腰交感神经节阻滞(paravertebral lumbae sympathetic block)

腰椎旁神经阻滞(paravertebral lumbar nerve block)

坐骨神经阻滞(sciatic nerve block)

中英文索引目录

中文索引

英文索引

附录一 我国法定计量单位与医学计量的国际单位制

附录二 血糖单位数值换算

附录三 我国国人的标准体重

附录四 医药常用拉丁文缩写

附录五 临床检验参考值

附录六 生长不同阶段身体成分变化

附录七 用皮脂厚度判定肥胖度标准

附录八 儿童机体成分与身体发育

附录九 食物成分表

附录十 常见食物的必需氨基酸含量

附录十一 医药卫生各专业常用换算系数

附录十二 国际原子量及元素周期表

CA15.

CA72-

CA19-

CA

CA


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