内容简介
Ⅰ.INTRODUCTION
1.Description of experiments
2.The concept of physical system
3.Preparation and measurement
Ⅱ.STATES AND OBSERVABLES
1.States and amplitudes
2.An example:spin 1/2
3.Observables
4.The density operator
Ⅲ.COMMENSURABILITY
1.The spin example continued
2.Different kinds of measurement
3.Commensurable observables
4.The uncertainty relation
Ⅳ.DYNAMICS
1.The dynamical postulate
2.Schr?dinger, Heisenberg and mixed pictures
3.An aside on functions of several observables
4.The hamiltonian
5.Equations of motion in the different pictures
6.An example
Ⅴ.GENERAL FORMULATION
1.Generalization of the basic postulates
2.Dirac's formulation
3.Kinematical symmetries
4.The dynamics under a kinematical symmetry
5.The galilean transformations as kinematical symmetries
6.The generators of kinematical galilean transformations
7.Superselection rules
Ⅵ.A PARTICLE IN ONE DIMENSION
1.A particle without spin
2.The momentum operator
3.The velocity,the mass and the hamiltonian
4.An example:the harmonic oscillator
5.A particle in a constant force field
Ⅶ.A SPINLESS PARTICLE IN THREE DIMENSIONS
1.Position,momentum and the hamiltonian
2.Rotations,the orbital angular momentum
3.The angular momentum commutation relations
4.Spectral resolution of the orbital angular momentum
5.The free particle
6.The Wigner distribution function
7.The harmonic oscillator
8.The spinless particle in a general coordinate system
9.The particle in a central field
Ⅷ.DYNAMICAL SYMMETRIES AND CONSERVATION LAWS
1.The dynamical symmetry transformations of quantum mechanics
2.Unitary transformations and constants of the motion
3.Space inversion,the parity observable
4.Time reversal
5.The galilean transformations as dynamical symmetries
Ⅸ.A PARTICLE WITH SPIN
1.Internal degrees of freedom and galilean invariance
2.Spin and rotations
3.The particle with spin
4.The hamiltonian of a particle with spin
5.Example:a neutral particle in a magnetic field
Ⅹ.SYSTEMS COMPOSED OF DIFFERENT SUBSYSTEMS
1.The description of systems formed by different subsystems
2.A system of two different particles
3.Some useful representations
4.The state of a subsystem
5.Example:states of a particle in a magnetic field
Ⅺ.SYSTEMS OF IDENTICAL PARTICLES
1.The description of systems formed by two identical subsystems
2.Example:a system of two identical particles
3.The description of systems of many identical particles
4.Number representation of systems of identical particles
5.An assembly of bosons
6.An assembly of fermions
APPENDIX A.FINITE-DIMENSIONAL VECTOR SPACES
1.Basic definitions
2.Operators in unitary spaces
3.The spectral theorem
4.The tensor product
5.Antilinear operators
6.Wigner's theorem
APPENDIX B.THE HILBERT SPACE
1.Basic definitions,unbounded operators
2.The spectral theorem
3.Function space representation
APPENDIX C.DIRAC'S FORMULATION IN THE HILBERT SPACE
1.Tempered distributions
2.Generalization to an arbitrary Hilbert space
3.Dirac's formulation
APPENDIX D.A REMINDER FROM CLASSICAL MECHANICS
1.Canonical transformations
2.A reminder from classical mechanics
NOTES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX