1 Overview of Mechanical Behavior

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Elastic Deformation

1.3 Permanent Deformation

1.4 Fracture

1.5 Summary

2 Elastic Behavior

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Range of Elastic Moduli

2.3 Additional Elastic Properties

2.4 Basis for Linear Elasticity

2.5 Anisotropic Linear Elasticity

2.6 Rubber Elasticity

2.7 Polymer Elasticity and Viscoelasticity

2.8 Mechanical Damping

2.9 Summary

3 Dislocations

3.1 Introduction

3.2 The Yield Strength of a Perfect Crystal

3.3 The Edge Dislocation

3.4 Screw and Mixed Dislocations

3.5 Twinning

3.6 Properties of Dislocations

3.7 Dislocation Geometry and Crystal Structure

3.8 Intersection of Moving Dislocations

3.9 Dislocation Density and Macroscopic Strain

3.10 Summary

4 Plastic Deformation in Single and Polycrystalline Materials

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Initiation of Plastic Flow in Single Crystals

4.3 Stress-Strain Behavior of Single Crystals

4.4 Plastic Flow in Polycrystals

4.5 Plastic-Flow Behavior and Material Class

4.6 Geometrically Necessary Dislocations

4.7 Summary

5 Strengthening of Crystalline Materials

5.1 Introduction

5.2 General Description of Strengthening

5.3 Work Hardening

5.4 Boundary Strengthening

5.5 Solid-Solution Strengthening

5.6 Particle Hardening

5.7 Strain-Gradient Hardening

5.8 Deformation of Two-Phase Aggregates

5.9 Strength， Microstructure， and Processing： Case Studies

5.10 Summary

6 Composite Materials

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Basic Principles of Reinforcement

6.3 Particle Reinforcement

6.4 Reinforcement with Aligned Continuous Fibers

6.5 Reinforcement with Discontinuous Fibers

6.6 Fiber Orientation Effects

6.7 Statistical Failure of Composites

6.8 Strain-Rate Effects

6.9 Microscopic Effects

6.10 Reinforcement of Brittle Matrices

6.11 Modern Composite Materials

6.12 Summary

7 High-Temperature Deformation of Crystalline Materials

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Phenomenological Description of Creep

7.3 Creep Mechanisms

7.4 Deformation Mechanism Maps

7.5 Materials Aspects of Creep Design

7.6 Engineering Estimates of Creep Behavior

7.7 Superplasticity

7.8 Hot Working of Metals

7.9 Summary

8 Deformation of Noncrystalline Materials

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Crystalline versus Noncrystalline Structures

8.3 Viscosity

8.4 The Deformation Behavior of Inorganic Glasses

8.5 Deformation of Metallic Glasses

8.6 Deformation of Polymeric Materials

8.7 Summary

9 Fracture Mechanics

9.1 Introduction

9.2 The Theoretical Strength of a Solid

9.3 Crack-Initiated Fracture

9.4 Fracture Mechanics

9.5 Fracture Toughness and Material Class

9.6 The Charpy Impact Test

9.7 Fracture of Brittle Nonmetallics

9.8 Summary

10 Toughening Mechanisms and the Physics of Fracture

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Toughening in Metals

10.3 Toughening in Ceramics

10.4 Toughening in Composites

10.5 Toughening in Polymers

10.6 Types of Low-Temperature Tensile Fracture

10.7 The Relation Among Bonding， Crystal Structure， and Fracture

10.8 Mode Ⅱ Brittle Fracture

10.9 Mode Ⅲ Brittle Fracture

10.10 Ductile Fracture

10.11 Summary

11 High-Temperature Fracture

11.1 Introduction

11.2 High-Temperature Fracture Modes

11.3 High-Temperature Fracture-Mechanism Maps

11.4 Intergranular Creep Fracture

11.5 Design and Materials Considerations

11.6 Failure in Superplastic Materials

11.7 Summary

12 Fatigue of Engineering Materials

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Characteristics of Fatigue Fracture

12.3 Evaluation of Fatigue Resistance

12.4 Fatigue-Crack Growth Rates

12.5 Design Against Fatigue

12.6 Cyclic Stress-Strain Behavior

12.7 Creep-Fatigue Interactions

12.8 Polymeric Fatigue

12.9 Fatigue of Composites

12.10 Summary

13 Embrittlement

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Metal Embrittlement

13.3 Stress-Corrosion Cracking

13.4 Hydrogen Embrittlement

13.5 Impurity-Atom Embrittlement

13.6 Radiation Damage

13.7 Embrittlement of Inorganic Glasses and Ceramics

13.8 Polymer Embrittlement

13.9 Summary