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内容简介
1 Introduction
1.1 What is a tone language?
1.2 How is tone produced?
1.3 The structure of the grammar:Phonetics and phonology
1.4 Theplace ofphonologyinthelargergrammar
1.5 The organization ofthis book
2 Contrastive tone
2.1 Which languages are tonal?
2.2 Tohalnotations
2.3 Field-work issues
2.4 Contrasting level tones
2.5 Location,number and types of rising and falling tones
2.6 Tone and vowel quality
2.7 Consonant types and tone
2.8 Tonogenesis:the birth of tones
3 Tonal features
3.1 Desiderataforafeature system
3.2 Numbers of level tones
3.3 Contours
3.4 Feature geometry
3.5 Relationship to laryngeal features
3.6 Binarity,markedness,and underspecification
4 The autosegmental nature of tone,and its analysis in Optimality Theory
4.1 Characteristics of tone
4.2 Autosegmental representations
4.3 The bare bones of Optimality Theory
4.4 An OT treatment of the central properties of tone
4.5 Tonal behaviour and its OT treatment
4.6 Some Bantu phenomena in OT
4.7 Initial left-to-right association
4.8 Extrametricality
4.9 Relation between tone and stress
4.10 The Obligatory Contour Principle
5 Tone in morphology and in syntax
5.1 Morphology
5.2 Syntax
5.3 Summary
6 African languages
6.1 Classification
6.2 Common or striking characteristics of African tone languages
6.3 An extended example:Igbo
7 Asian and Pacific languages
7.1 Cantonese Chinese
7.2 Mandarin Chinese
7.3 Wu Chinese
7.4 Min Chinese
7.5 Types of tonal changes found in Chinese
7.6 Tibeto-Burman
7.7 Austro-Tai
7.8 Mon-Khmer
7.9 A coda
8 The Americas
8.1 Central America
8.2 North America
8.3 South America
9 Tone,stress,accent,and intonation
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Tone assignment in stress languages
9.3 Accentual languages
9.4 Intonation as phrasal-level tones:a reminder of prosodic hierarchy
9.5 An OT account of Roermond Dutch
9.6 Phrasing,speech rate,stylistics
9.7 Conclusion
10 Perception and acquisition of tone
10.1 Adult tone perception
10.2 First-language acquisition
10.3 Second-language acquisition
Bibliography
Author index
Subject index
